Cultural Economy and Television in Jamaica and Ghana : #decolonization2point0

This book proposes contemporary decolonization as an approach to developing cultural economies in the Global South. It presents the account of the transformation of television in Jamaica and Ghana to audiovisual subsectors; from cultural institutions to cultural industries and then subsectors of emerging cultural economies as representative case studies. ‘Glocal’ changes are presented within five organizing phenomena: philosophical, ideological, and economic change, and their impact on governance and the operational transformation of the television sectors of Jamaica and Ghana. This book represents the first critical examination and comparison of cultural and creative industries (CCI) and economy concepts in the Caribbean and Africa. It is an original contribution to the development of strategies that influence processes, structures, and policies related to the cultural economy concept and those required to improve television industries. This process of describing culturally specific characteristics of CCI is designed to be applicable to the CCI of developing countries including those in Africa and the Caribbean, where interpretations and implementation suited for advanced industrial nations have been insufficiently questioned and challenged. “Livication” Acknowledgments Contents Acronyms List of Figures List of Tables Chapter 1: Introduction: Time Changes TV Sign On! Creative Zeitgeist Reflexive Liberalization Why Ghana? Rethinking “Rethinking Development” Spans of Subordination Politics of Polarization Africanness and Jamaicanness Tradition and Modernity Liberalization Without Preparation New Zeitgeist, New Approaches #decolonization2point0 References In-Depth Interviews Conducted for the Ghanaian Case Study Music, Films Chapter 2: Sankofa’s Song TV and the Dialectics of Decolonization 1989 Zeitgeist Signpost Shifting Sands The Economy of Television Changing Cultures Cable, Copyright and Commerce Imposed-Choice of Structural Adjustment Media Divestment and Privatization Hybrid or Mutant? Regulation of Cable TV 1997 The Libertine Lure Whirlwind of Change The Ethical Revolution References In-Depth Interviews Conducted for the Case Studies Chapter 3: From TV to AV in Jamaica: Commerce, Copyright, Convergence and Conduits Commerce Changing Paradigms Corporate Movements Subscriber Cable Television Partnerships and Mergers Combative Competition Profit-Driven Television Markets or Audiences? Liberalization Without Preparation Media, Policy and Change Animation Added Business Forward Measuring the Sector Copyright: Intellectual Property Revolution Convergence and Conduits Technological Convergence Converging Business and Production Fragmented Convergence: Policy and Legislation Fragmented AV Focus References In-Depth Interviews and Correspondence Conducted for the Case Studies Chapter 4: From TV to AV in Jamaica: Creative Work, Content and Consumption Creative Work Creative Contract Work New Game. New Rules. New Issues Independents and Own-Account Workers Bandooloo and the Hustler Culture Culture Shock and Paradigm Shifts Changing Skill Sets and Attitudes Stratification The Film Group The Television Group New Independents Service Providers Cultural Economics and Cooperation Professional Organizations Content and Consumption Modernity Versus Tradition Market-Driven Models Overseas Content Public Service Broadcasting Revisited The News Product TV, Transparency and Freedom Content Regulation and Standards References Policy Documents, Legislation, Reports, Newspaper Articles and Websites Music, Films, Audio Visual Interviews, Audio Visual Programmes and Internet Based In-Depth Interviews and Correspondence Conducted for the Jamaican Case Study Chapter 5: From TV to AV in Ghana: Commerce, Copyright, Convergence and Conduits Commerce and Copyright Broadcast Hybrid New Institutional Players Partnerships and Mergers Competition Copyright and Creative Industry Gollywood Meets Nollywood CCI and Multilateralism Convergence and Conduits Broadcast Policy Rapid Expansion of ICT Regulatory Deficiencies New Clusters. New Markets. New Systems Brand Awareness Meets Cultural Symbology References In-Depth Interviews Conducted for the Ghanaian Case Study Chapter 6: From TV to AV in Ghana: Creative Work, Content and Consumption Creative Work Independents and the Informal Economy Changing Work Paradigms Creative Entrepreneurship Creativity and Traditional Employment Training Culture Industry Building Through Training Training the Continent Content Prosumers and Produsers Local Content. Local Languages Drama Production and Distribution Cultures Kalabule Liberated Television Culture of Excessive Noise “Tyranny by the Media” Pornography References In-Depth Interviews Conducted for the Ghanaian Case Study Chapter 7: #decolonization2point0: Follow the Star A Lesson from Ghana Media: Metaphor of Transformation Philosophical Underpinnings Ideological Transformation Economic Transformation Governance for Growth? Operational Changes #decolonization2point0 Media Mitigation South Star Cultural Economy Model Cultural Specificity Thematic Approach Versus Picking Winners Policy: Interference or Intervention? References Personal Interview Chapter 8: South Star for Jamaica Personality and Identity Jamaican Media and Complex Trauma Displacement and Conflict Post-Libertine Trauma Personality Disordered? South Star Framework for the Jamaican Audiovisual Sector Philosophical Mooring Ideological Positioning Economic Approach Governance Coherence Optimizing Operations Next Phase Research Dip Dem Bedward References Personal Interview Index