Cryogenic Safety: A Guide to Best Practice in the Lab and Workplace (International Cryogenics Monograph Series)

This book describes the current state of the art in cryogenic safety best practice, helping the reader to work with cryogenic systems and materials safely. It brings together information from previous texts, industrial and laboratory safety polices, and recent research papers. Case studies, example problems, and an extensive list of references are included to add to the utility of the text. It describes the unique safety hazards posed by cryogenics in all its guises, including issues associated with the extreme cold of cryogenics, the flammability of some cryogenic fluids, the displacement of oxygen by inert gases boiling off from cryogenic fluids, and the high pressures that can be formed during the volume expansion that occurs when a cryogenic fluid becomes a room temperature gas. A further chapter considers the challenges arising from the behavior of materials at cryogenic temperatures. Many materials are inappropriate for use in cryogenics and can fail, resulting in hazardous conditions. Despite these hazards, work at cryogenic temperatures can be performed safely. The book also discusses broader safety issues such as hazard analysis, establishment of a safe work culture and lessons learned from cryogenic safety in accelerator labs. This book is designed to be useful to everyone affected by cryogenic hazards regardless of their expertise in cryogenics. Front Matter ....Pages i-xix Properties of Fluids and Materials at Cryogenic Temperatures (Thomas J. Peterson, J. G. Weisend II)....Pages 1-13 General Cryogenic Safety (Thomas J. Peterson, J. G. Weisend II)....Pages 15-28 Pressure Safety in Cryogenics (Thomas J. Peterson, J. G. Weisend II, John Jurns, Stephen Woods)....Pages 29-50 Oxygen Deficiency Hazards (Thomas J. Peterson, J. G. Weisend II, John Jurns, Stephen Woods)....Pages 51-76 Oxygen Safety (John M. Jurns)....Pages 77-118 Hydrogen Safety (Stephen S. Woods)....Pages 119-179 Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Safety (Thomas J. Peterson, J. G. Weisend II)....Pages 181-189 Approaches to Cryogenic Safety in Particle Accelerator Labs (Thomas J. Peterson, J. G. Weisend II)....Pages 191-201 Summary and General Cryogenic Safety Guidelines (Thomas J. Peterson, J. G. Weisend II)....Pages 203-205 Back Matter ....Pages 207-213