Cross-Cultural Competence for a Twenty-First-Century Military : Culture, the Flipside of COIN

Warfare in the 21st century is far different than warfare throughout the 19th and 20th centuries. Conventional warfare was about kinetic force and bending an adversary by might and strength. Skills valued were those related to mastery of weapons and placing ordnance on target. Courage and valor were defined by conflict, militaries were distinct from the population, and occupation was an enduring stage of war. Contemporary warfare, besides continuing to be an exercise in military strength, is composed of missions that depend on skills to forge interpersonal relationships and build sustainable partnerships with a host of actors that once had no voice or role in conflict’s duration or conclusion. Today, final victory does not conclude directly from conflict, in fact victory may be subsumed into the larger and more consuming equation of international stability. Twenty-first century warfare is about counterinsurgency and counter-terrorism through an array of strategies that foster collusion and collaboration not acquiescence.Cross-cultural competence (3C) is a suite of competencies and enablers that have been identified as critical to instill in expeditionary military and civilian personnel in the Department of Defense (DoD). Defined as a set of knowledge, skills, abilities and attitudes (KSAAs), 3C promotes effective interaction across cultural divides through exchanging ideas and meaning across cultures, facilitating effective cross-cultural interactions to develop and sustain relationships and providing a means to discern meaning from foreign and culturally different behavior. 3C permeates DoD policy, doctrine, strategy and operations and is now being institutionalized in DoD military and civilian education and training. Cross-Cultural Competence for a Twenty-First-Century Military: Culture, the Flipside of COIN is a volume edited by two acknowledged experts on 3C in military learning, policy and research and explores the value and necessity of 3C to developing 21st Century warfighters. This volume features chapters by the editors and a host of multidisciplinary experts that probes all aspects of 3C, from concept to application. The message carried throughout Cross-Cultural Competence for a 21st Century Military is that contemporary and future security endeavors will be successful because winning wars ultimately rest on developing and sustaining cross-cultural relationships as much as it does on weapons and force. Engaged in national security efforts, especially for those in the military. This book provides readers with a comprehensive understanding of how and why cross-cultural competence has become critical for both national security and international stability--and what can be done to build this capability in the Force. As thought-leaders in the cross-cultural challenges affecting today's military, Drs. Robert Greene Sands and Allison Greene-Sands have compiled the most cutting-edge work from operators, researchers, and educators that advance our collective understanding of the human capabilities necessary for success in contemporary warfare, international stability, and sustainable peace. -- Paula Caligiuri, Northeastern UniversityIn bringing together scholars and specialists from a wide range of organizational settings--from academia to the armed forces, in both governmental and non-governmental settings--Allison and Robert Greene Sands have captured the rich diversity of both knowledge bases and practical applications that are essential for successful cross-cultural competence in a twenty-first -century military. -- Scott McGinnis, Defense Language InstituteThese writings on cross-cultural competence are prescient, timely, and absolutely a necessary read. They bring what we know and need to know about ourselves and others into context and clarity Cross-Cultural Competence for a Twenty-First-Century Military: Culture, the Flipside of COIN suggests that the application of cross-cultural competence to the unique environment of expeditionary deployment through military objectives is one of the most important force enablers in today's U.S. international security mission. This volume will make immediate and long-lasting contributions to research, learning, and policy in the Department of Defense. Its contributors are many of the leading experts and military operators in a multidisciplinary effort to prepare U.S. military and civilian personnel for expeditionary missions