Critical Geopolitics : The Politics of Writing Global Space

Tuathail Presents A Radical Analysis Of The Ideas Which Have Driven Nations To Attempt To Remap The Globe In Their Own Image. These Essays Unearth A New Political History Of The Struggle For Space And Power In The West. Book Cover......Page 1 Half-Title......Page 2 Title......Page 3 Copyright......Page 4 Dedication......Page 5 Contents......Page 6 Acknowledgments......Page 7 Introduction: Geo-Power......Page 9 MODERNITY AND THE WRITING OF SPACE: THE GEOGRAPHIC INVENTION OF IRELAND......Page 11 GEOGRAPHY AND GOVERNMENTALITY......Page 13 STUDYING GEO-POWER......Page 16 GEO-POWER AND GEOPOLITICS......Page 20 1 Geopolitics......Page 24 THE GEOPOLITICAL GAZE AND THE THEATER OF INTERNATIONAL POLITICS......Page 27 OTHER PRODUCTIONS OF GLOBAL SPACE......Page 35 Friedrich Ratzel (1844–1904) and the Biologization of Global Space......Page 36 Alfred Mahan (1840–1914) and the Strategic Gaze......Page 38 Rudolf Kjellen (1864–1922) and the Linnaeanization of Giobal Space......Page 41 Karl Haushofer (1869–1946) and the Spatialization of Imperialist Desire......Page 43 Nicholas J.Spykman (1893–1943) and the (Im)possibility of the Geopolitical Gaze......Page 47 THE IRONY OF THE GEOPOLITICAL GAZE......Page 49 2 Critical Geopolitics......Page 52 THE TEXTUALITY OF GEOPOLITICS......Page 57 PROBLEMATIZING AND DISPLACING GEO-POLITICS......Page 60 THE GEOPOLITICAL GAZE: PROBLEMATIZING CARTESIAN PERSPECTIVALISM......Page 61 3 Imperial Incitement......Page 66 THINKING IMPERIALLY: MACKINDER AND THE ESTABLISHMENT OF GEOGRAPHY IN GREAT BRITAIN......Page 73 WRITING THE GEOGRAPHICAL GAZE......Page 80 THE APPARATUS OF VISIBILITY: THE MIND’S EYE......Page 84 PRIMITIVE VISUALIZATION: THE CHILD AND THE SAVAGE......Page 87 VISUALIZATION AND TECHNIQUE: DRAWING, MAPPING, AND READING NATURE AS A SILENT MUSICAL SCORE......Page 90 IMPERIAL INCITEMENT......Page 92 4 “It’s Smart to Be Geopolitical”......Page 95 The Popular Narrative......Page 98 The Middle-Brow Policy Narrative......Page 103 A Pervasive Experience of Lack......Page 110 The Site of Power......Page 111 The Power of Sight......Page 113 Enlightenment......Page 114 Enlightening Myths......Page 116 Mythical Enlightenment......Page 117 5 Critical Approaches to “Geopolitics”......Page 120 KARL WITTFOGEL: GEOPOLITICS AS BOURGEOIS IDEOLOGY......Page 122 ISAIAH BOWMAN: GEOPOLITICS AS PSEUDO-SCIENCE......Page 127 YVES LACOSTE: GEOPOLITICS AS A FORM OF GEOGRAPHICAL REASONING......Page 135 RICHARD ASHLEY AND DISSIDENT INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS: GEOPOLITICS AS THE SPATIALIZATION OF GLOBAL POLITICS......Page 141 SIMON DALBY: GEOPOLITICS AS SPATIAL EXCLUSION......Page 149 BEYOND THE PROBLEMATIC MARKED BY “GEOPOLITICS”......Page 154 6 Between a Holocaust and a Quagmire......Page 156 The Revolt against Centralism: 1990 to June 1991......Page 163 The JNA Military Response: June 1991 to December 1991......Page 164 Recognizing Newly Independent States: December 1991 to April 1992......Page 166 Watching “Ethnic Cleansing”: May to December 1992......Page 167 A “New” Policy: January to March 1993......Page 171 Holocaust and Balkan Ghosts: April-June 1993......Page 173 Learning to Say No: June-December, 1993......Page 177 Sarajevo and Gorazde: February to May 1994......Page 178 Failing to Impose a Settlement: May-July 1994......Page 180 GEO-POLITICAL SCRIPTS AND THE SOCIAL PRODUCTION OF MORAL (IN)VISIBILITY......Page 181 GEOPOLITICAL VERTIGO......Page 185 AMERICAN VERTIGO......Page 189 EDWARD LUTTWAK: THE VERTIGO OF THE THIRD WORLDIZATION OF AMERICA......Page 190 SAMUEL HUNTINGTON’S CIVILIZING OF GLOBAL SPACE......Page 197 EPILOGUE: CONSTELLATIONS OF GEO-POWER AT THE END OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY......Page 204 Notes......Page 210 Index......Page 253 Agriculture, Geography & Environmental Sciences Book Cover 1 Half-Title 2 Title 3 Copyright 4 Dedication 5 Contents 6 Acknowledgments 7 Introduction: Geo-Power 9 MODERNITY AND THE WRITING OF SPACE: THE GEOGRAPHIC INVENTION OF IRELAND 11 GEOGRAPHY AND GOVERNMENTALITY 13 STUDYING GEO-POWER 16 GEO-POWER AND GEOPOLITICS 20 1 Geopolitics 24 THE GEOPOLITICAL GAZE AND THE THEATER OF INTERNATIONAL POLITICS 27 OTHER PRODUCTIONS OF GLOBAL SPACE 35 Friedrich Ratzel (1844–1904) and the Biologization of Global Space 36 Alfred Mahan (1840–1914) and the Strategic Gaze 38 Rudolf Kjellen (1864–1922) and the Linnaeanization of Giobal Space 41 Karl Haushofer (1869–1946) and the Spatialization of Imperialist Desire 43 Nicholas J.Spykman (1893–1943) and the (Im)possibility of the Geopolitical Gaze 47 THE IRONY OF THE GEOPOLITICAL GAZE 49 2 Critical Geopolitics 52 THE TEXTUALITY OF GEOPOLITICS 57 PROBLEMATIZING AND DISPLACING GEO-POLITICS 60 THE GEOPOLITICAL GAZE: PROBLEMATIZING CARTESIAN PERSPECTIVALISM 61 3 Imperial Incitement 66 THINKING IMPERIALLY: MACKINDER AND THE ESTABLISHMENT OF GEOGRAPHY IN GREAT BRITAIN 73 WRITING THE GEOGRAPHICAL GAZE 80 THE APPARATUS OF VISIBILITY: THE MIND’S EYE 84 PRIMITIVE VISUALIZATION: THE CHILD AND THE SAVAGE 87 VISUALIZATION AND TECHNIQUE: DRAWING, MAPPING, AND READING NATURE AS A SILENT MUSICAL SCORE 90 IMPERIAL INCITEMENT 92 4 “It’s Smart to Be Geopolitical” 95 STORIES OF A NEW GERMAN SCIENCE 98 The Popular Narrative 98 The Middle-Brow Policy Narrative 103 “LET US LEARN OUR GEOPOLITICS” 110 A Pervasive Experience of Lack 110 The Site of Power 111 The Power of Sight 113 Enlightenment 114 THE MYTHOLOGY OF GEOPOLITICS AND THE DIALECTIC OF ENLIGHTENMENT 116 Enlightening Myths 116 Mythical Enlightenment 117 5 Critical Approaches to “Geopolitics” 120 KARL WITTFOGEL: GEOPOLITICS AS BOURGEOIS IDEOLOGY 122 ISAIAH BOWMAN: GEOPOLITICS AS PSEUDO-SCIENCE 127 YVES LACOSTE: GEOPOLITICS AS A FORM OF GEOGRAPHICAL REASONING 135 RICHARD ASHLEY AND DISSIDENT INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS: GEOPOLITICS AS THE SPATIALIZATION OF GLOBAL POLITICS 141 SIMON DALBY: GEOPOLITICS AS SPATIAL EXCLUSION 149 BEYOND THE PROBLEMATIC MARKED BY “GEOPOLITICS” 154 6 Between a Holocaust and a Quagmire 156 THE BUSH ADMINISTRATION AND BOSNIA 163 The Revolt against Centralism: 1990 to June 1991 163 The JNA Military Response: June 1991 to December 1991 164 Recognizing Newly Independent States: December 1991 to April 1992 166 Watching “Ethnic Cleansing”: May to December 1992 167 CLINTON AND BOSNIA 171 A “New” Policy: January to March 1993 171 Holocaust and Balkan Ghosts: April-June 1993 173 Learning to Say No: June-December, 1993 177 Sarajevo and Gorazde: February to May 1994 178 Failing to Impose a Settlement: May-July 1994 180 GEO-POLITICAL SCRIPTS AND THE SOCIAL PRODUCTION OF MORAL (IN)VISIBILITY 181 7 Visions and Vertigo 185 GEOPOLITICAL VERTIGO 185 AMERICAN VERTIGO 189 EDWARD LUTTWAK: THE VERTIGO OF THE THIRD WORLDIZATION OF AMERICA 190 SAMUEL HUNTINGTON’S CIVILIZING OF GLOBAL SPACE 197 EPILOGUE: CONSTELLATIONS OF GEO-POWER AT THE END OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY 204 Notes 210 Index 253 These essays unearth a new political history of the struggle for space and power in the West, and revise the geographies of global politics at the end of the 20th Century.