Crime, social control and human rights : from moral panics to states of denial : essays in honour of Stanley Cohen

The work of Stanley Cohen over four decades has come to acquire a classical status in the fields of criminology, sociology and human rights. His writing, research, teaching and practical engagement in these fields have been at once rigorously analytical and intellectually inspiring. It amounts to a unique contribution, immensely varied yet with several unifying themes, and it has made, and continues to make, a lasting impact around the world. His work thus has a protean character and scope which transcend time and place. This book of essays in Stanley Cohen's honour aims to build on and reflect some of his many-sided contributions. It contains chapters by some of the world's leading thinkers as well as the rising generation of scholars and practitioners whose approach has been shaped in significant respects by his own. Cover......Page 1 Copyright......Page 5 Contents......Page 6 Editors......Page 10 Contributors......Page 11 Foreword......Page 18 Cohen the criminologist......Page 20 Cohen and Human Rights......Page 26 References......Page 28 Part 1 - Seminal Influences......Page 30 1. Growing up with Stan......Page 31 2. The art of exile: a study of Alexander Herzen......Page 36 Notes......Page 45 3. The other side of the street: an interview with Stan Cohen......Page 47 4. How we deal with the people we study: ‘The Last Seminar’ revisited......Page 55 Our people and us......Page 58 The moral(s)......Page 64 References......Page 65 Part 2 - Gradations of Social Control: From Moral Panics to Long-term Imprisonment......Page 66 5. Folk Devils and Moral Panics: an appreciation from North America......Page 68 The AMBER Alert System......Page 75 The Jeanne Clery Act......Page 77 Dining out/in the gated suburbs......Page 78 References......Page 80 6. Slipping away – moral panics each side of ‘the Golden Age’......Page 82 The beach......Page 84 Symmetry......Page 85 Energy......Page 86 The real problem, the real significance......Page 88 Late modernity and the permanent moral panic......Page 91 References......Page 93 Introduction......Page 95 The burgeoning legislative framework......Page 96 Localised arrangements......Page 99 Notes......Page 104 References......Page 107 8. Hassles and worse......Page 109 Notes......Page 119 9. Moral panic, denial, and human rights: scanning the spectrum from overreaction to underreaction......Page 121 Moral panic over flag burning......Page 122 Moral panic over street crime and youth violence......Page 123 Moral panic over immigrants and asylum seekers......Page 125 Denial in a post-9/11 world......Page 126 Literal denial......Page 127 Interpretive denial......Page 128 Implicatory denial......Page 129 Conclusion......Page 130 References......Page 131 Part 3 - Extremities of Control: Torture and the Death Penalty......Page 134 10. The power to classify: avenues into a supermax prison......Page 136 The ‘special security’ category: avenues into a supermax......Page 138 Serious rule violators......Page 139 Alleged gang members......Page 140 Assignment to custody, programme, privilege and incentive groups......Page 141 Avenues out of supermax......Page 143 Conclusions......Page 146 References......Page 148 Introduction......Page 149 The absolute prohibition of torture......Page 151 The absolute prohibition and the ticking bomb......Page 152 Stage 2: the Landau Commission......Page 153 Stage 3: Landau Commission guidelines......Page 155 Stage 4: necessity guidelines......Page 158 Some general conclusions......Page 159 Notes......Page 161 12. Death, denial, discourse: on the forms and functions of American capital punishment......Page 165 The labyrinthine legal structures......Page 167 Jury sentencing......Page 168 The performative aspects......Page 169 Foucault on sovereign power and the spectacle of the scaffold......Page 170 Foucault on modern capital punishment......Page 171 Foucault, sovereignty, and the American polity......Page 173 Public torture lynchings and the people’s justice......Page 175 Modern capital punishment and its relation to lynching......Page 177 The inverse of the lynching......Page 178 Conclusion......Page 179 Notes......Page 181 References......Page 182 Cases cited......Page 183 Part 4 - Visions of Social Control......Page 184 13. Pathologies of markets and states......Page 186 I......Page 188 II......Page 195 III......Page 199 References......Page 201 Introduction......Page 203 Cohen’s......Page 204 Was Cohen correct? Tracing social control changes and practices (1985–present)......Page 207 The expansion of exclusionary control......Page 208 The expansion of inclusionary control......Page 211 The expansion of pre-emptive inclusionary controls......Page 214 Expanded control will be widely supported by the public......Page 216 Conclusion......Page 218 References......Page 222 Introducing security......Page 224 Privatizing security......Page 227 Examining security......Page 228 Concerning security......Page 231 Governing security......Page 234 References......Page 236 Free movement: Kant and Carens......Page 240 Border controls and the erosion of domestic rights......Page 242 Surveillance and Cohen’s punitive city......Page 243 A defence of migrant rights......Page 244 The attack on diversity and the question of immigration restriction......Page 246 The practical and political limits of restriction......Page 247 Can ‘good’ migrants be separated from ‘bad’ migrants?......Page 248 Are control measures affordable and effective?......Page 249 Can politicians effectively assess a potential threat?......Page 250 Conclusion......Page 252 Notes......Page 253 References......Page 254 17. Detain – restrain – control: sliding scale or slippery slope?......Page 255 Sliding scale?......Page 256 Slippery slope?......Page 258 Taking liberties?......Page 263 References......Page 265 18. Social control talk/talking about social control: encounters with Stan Cohen and his work......Page 267 The discovery of the asylum......Page 270 Social control and the net-widening thesis......Page 274 Atrocities and denials......Page 275 Notes......Page 278 Part 5 - The Theory and Practice of Denial......Page 282 19. Denial and responsibility......Page 284 Feelings of responsibility versus conceptions of responsibility and mechanisms of ‘responsibilisation’......Page 285 Responsibility beyond subjective consciousness?......Page 287 Exculpation based on non-conscious factors......Page 288 Inculpation via responsibility beyond consciousness......Page 290 ‘Objective’ responsibility based on fair opportunity or the evaluation of character: negligence and practical indifference......Page 291 Strict liability and responsibility for outcomes......Page 293 Corporate responsibility......Page 295 Acknowledgements......Page 297 References......Page 298 20. The Israeli human rights movement – lessons from South Africa......Page 299 Human rights organisations in Israel and South Africa – what has changed since 1990?......Page 300 Civil rights and human rights......Page 301 Human rights and politics......Page 305 Individual versus collective rights......Page 307 Why do Israeli liberals not do more?......Page 313 Conclusion......Page 314 Notes......Page 316 References......Page 320 Court rulings......Page 322 21. Mediterranean poverty and conflict: applying a human rights strategy......Page 323 Establishing an international baseline......Page 324 Variations in the scale of poverty......Page 326 Where poverty is most severe: the case of Egypt......Page 328 Where poverty is most severe: the case of Palestine......Page 329 Mediterranean policies to restrict poverty: the case of Israel......Page 330 Regional and political association and human rights......Page 332 The right to social security: a Mediterranean policy?......Page 333 The right to social security: current developments......Page 334 The right to social security: the lessons of history......Page 336 Conclusion – creative use of the human rights framework......Page 338 Acknowledgements......Page 340 References......Page 341 22. States of acknowledgement: the politics of memory, apology, and therapy......Page 343 Memorial politics: dealing with past injustice......Page 344 Technologies of acknowledgement: the political apology......Page 348 Technologies of healing: the therapeutic model......Page 352 Concluding remarks......Page 355 Notes......Page 356 23. Denial in Cambodia......Page 359 24. ‘Does any of this matter?’ Transitional justice and the Israeli–Palestinian conflict......Page 368 Transitional justice and the Israeli–Palestinian peace process: it did matter......Page 369 What kind of truth?......Page 372 What kind of commission(s)?......Page 374 matter?......Page 377 Notes......Page 378 Part 6 - Ways Ahead......Page 382 I sang in my cell because I wouldn’t sing......Page 384 King Sabata, who made us laugh five minutes late......Page 388 Henry, whose hand shook......Page 392 A rendition of a man called Mohamed......Page 393 26. Restorative justice – answers to deficits in modernity?......Page 397 The lack of room for grief and anger in modern societies......Page 399 Less that unites and more that divides......Page 400 The whole person, versus the parts......Page 401 Peacemakers......Page 402 On form......Page 403 But if a crime has occurred?......Page 404 Major gains......Page 405 References......Page 406 27. The flow of boundaries: gays, queers and intimate citizenship......Page 408 Boundary problems......Page 409 Boundaries and hostilities: constructing the ‘Other’ and the enemy......Page 411 The flows of boundaries......Page 412 Sexual boundaries and classifications......Page 414 Queers, post-gays and the rest: the challenges to identity and citizenship......Page 415 Queering identity......Page 416 A rival strategy: toward (postmodern?) intimate citizenship in a fuzzy world......Page 418 Continual permutations of boundary making and boundary closing......Page 419 References......Page 420 28. The fates of solidarity: use and abuse......Page 423 The Middle East......Page 428 Universalist objections......Page 431 The claims of community......Page 432 Human rights and the norms of war......Page 433 Notes......Page 434 29. Criminology as a vocation......Page 436 Criminology as a vocation: realism versus ultimate ends......Page 437 Late 1950s–1970s – recorded crime rise......Page 439 1980–92: crime explosion......Page 440 1992 onward: falling crime, rising fear......Page 442 Comparative penal systems and crime......Page 444 : the New York murder mystery......Page 445 Conclusion: policing or political economy? – the irresponsibility of realism......Page 446 References......Page 447 30. Conflict, suffering and the promise of human rights......Page 451 Justice, institutionalism and the centrality of suffering......Page 453 Suffering, recognition and the emergence of moral obligation......Page 456 Energy, suffering and human rights as praxis......Page 460 Conclusion......Page 463 References......Page 464 Name Index......Page 471 Subject Index......Page 475 Part 1 : Seminal Influences. Growing Up With Stan / Adam Kuper -- The Art Of Exile : A Study Of Alexander Herzen / Richard Sennett -- The Other Side Of The Street : An Interview With Stan Cohen / Laurie Taylor -- How We Deal With The People We Study : 'the Last Seminar' Revisited / Howard S. Becker -- -- Part 2 : Gradations Of Social Control : From Moral Panics To Long-term Imprisonment. Folk Devils And Moral Panics : An Appreciation From North America / Malcolm M. Feeley And Jonathan Simon -- Slipping Away -- Moral Panics Each Side Of 'the Golden Age' / Jock Young -- Sexual Offenders And The Path To A Purified Domain / Andrew Rutherford -- Hassles And Worse / Harvey Molotch -- Moral Panic, Denial, And Human Rights : Scanning The Spectrum From Overreaction To Underreaction / Michael Welch -- -- Part 3 : Extremities Of Control : Torture And The Death Penalty. The Power To Classify : Avenues Into A Supermax Prison / Sharon Shalev --^ The Torture Debate : Israel And Beyond / David Kretzmer -- Death, Denial, Discourse : On The Forms And Functions Of American Capital Punishment / David Garland -- -- Part 4 : Visions Of Social Control. Pathologies Of Markets And States / Steven Lukes -- Visions Of Social Control Revisited / Thomas G. Blomberg And Carter Hay -- Governing Security : The Rise Of The Privatized Military / Tim Newburn -- The Free Movement Of People : Ethical Debates Before And After 9/11 / Robin Cohen -- Detain -- Restrain -- Control : Sliding Scale Or Slippery Slope? / Jill Peay -- Social Control Talk / Talking About Social Control : Encounters With Stan Cohen And His Work / Andrew Scull -- -- Part 5 : The Theory And Practice Of Denial. Denial And Responsibility / Nicola Lacey -- The Israeli Human Rights Movement -- Lessons From South Africa / Daphna Golan-agnon -- Mediterranean Poverty And Conflict : Applying A Human Rights Strategy / Peter Townsend --^ States Of Acknowledgment : The Politics Of Memory, Apology And Therapy / Claire Moon -- Denial In Cambodia / Margo Picken -- Does Any Of This Matter? Transitional Justice And The Israeli-palestinian Conflict / Ron Dudai -- -- Part 6 : Ways Ahead. 'i Sang In My Cell Because I Wouldn't Sing' And Other Tales / Albie Sachs -- Restorative Justice -- Answers To Deficits In Modernity? / Nils Christie -- The Flow Of Boundaries : Gays, Queers And Intimate Citizenship / Ken Plummer -- The Fates Of Solidarity : Use And Abuse / Fred Halliday -- Criminology As A Vocation / Robert Reiner -- Conflict, Suffering And The Promise Of Human Rights / Ruth Jamieson And Kieran Mcevoy. Edited By David Downes ... [et Al] Includes Bibliographical References And Indexes. The work of Stanley Cohen over four decades has acquired a classical status in the fields of criminology, sociology & human rights. His writing, research, teaching & practical engagement in these fields has been both analytical & inspiring. This book of essays in his honour only build on & reflect some of his many-sided contributions