CRC Handbook of Marine Mammal Medicine : Health, Disease, and Rehabilitation, Second Edition

Content: Marine mammals as sentinels of ocean health / Michelle Lynn Reddy, Leslie A. Dierauf, and Frances M.D. Gulland -- Emerging and resurging diseases / Debra Lee Miller, Ruth Y. Ewing, and Gregory D. Bossart -- Florida manatees : perspectives on populations, pain, and protection / Thomas J. O'Shea, Lynn W. Lefebvre, and Cathy A. Beck -- Marine mammal stranding networks / Frances M.D. Gulland, Leslie A. Dierauf, and Teri K. Rowles -- Marine mammal unusual mortality events / Leslie A. Dierauf and Frances M.D. Gulland -- Mass strandings of cetaceans / Michael T. Walsh ... [et al.] -- Careers in marine mammal medicine / Leslie A. Dierauf, Salvatore Frasca, Jr., and Ted Y. Mashima -- The electronic whale / Leslie A. Dierauf -- Gross and microscopic anatomy / Sentiel A. Rommel and Linda J. Lowenstine -- Endocrinology / David J. St. Aubin -- Reproduction / Todd R. Robeck, Shannon K.C. Atkinson, and Fiona Brook -- Immunology / Donald P. King ... [et al.] -- Stress and marine mammals / David J. St. Aubin and Leslie A. Dierauf -- Genetic analyses / Deborah D. Duffield and William Amos -- Viral diseases / Suzanne Kennedy-Stoskopf -- Bacterial diseases of cetaceans and pinnipeds / J. Lawrence Dunn, John D. Buck, and Todd R. Robeck -- Mycotic diseases / Thomas H. Reidarson ... [et al.] -- Parasitic diseases / Murray D. Dailey -- Clinical pathology / Gregory D. Bossart ... [et al.] -- Cetacean cytology / Jay C. Sweeney and Michelle Lynn Reddy -- Gross necropsy and specimen collection protocols / Teri K. Rowles, Frances M. Van Dolah, and Aleta A. Hohn -- Toxicology / Todd M. O'Hara and Thomas J. O'Shea -- Noninfectious diseases / Frances M.D. Gulland, Linda J. Lowenstine, and Terry R. Spraker -- Overview of diagnostic imaging / William Van Bonn and Fiona Brook -- Radiology, computer tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging / William Van Bonn, Eric D. Jensen, and Fiona Brook -- Ultrasonography / Fiona Brook, William Van Bonn, and Eric D. Jensen -- Flexible and rigid endoscopy in marine mammals / Samuel R. Dover and William Van Bonn -- Thermal imaging of marine mammals / Michael T. Walsh and Edward V. Gaynor -- Marine mammal anesthesia / Martin Haulena and Robert Bruce Heath -- Intensive care / Michael T. Walsh and Scott Gearhart -- Pharmaceuticals and formularies / Michael K. Stoskopf, Scott Willens, and James F. McBain -- Euthanasia / Leah L. Greer, Janet Whaley, and Teri K. Rowles -- U.S. federal legislation governing marine mammals / Nina M. Young and Sara L. Shapiro -- Public health / Daniel F. Cowan, Carol House, and James A. House -- Water quality / Kristen D. Arkush -- Nutrition and energetics / Graham A.J. Worthy -- Hand-rearing and artificial milk formulas / Forrest I. Townsend, Jr. and Laurie J. Gage -- Tagging and tracking / Michelle E. Lander ... [et al.] -- Marine mammal transport / Jim Antrim and James F. McBain -- Cetacean medicine / James F. McBain -- Seals and sea lions / Frances M.D. Gulland, Martin Haulena, and Leslie A. Dierauf -- Walruses / Michael T. Walsh, Brad F. Andrews, and Jim Antrim -- Manatees / Gregory D. Bossart -- Sea otters / Pamela Tuomi -- Polar bears / Michael Brent Briggs CRC Handbook of Marine Mammal Medicine, Second Edition......Page 1 Dedication......Page 3 Preface......Page 4 Editors......Page 6 Contributors......Page 7 Contents......Page 11 Appendices......Page 46 Table 1......Page 47 Table 2......Page 48 Table 3......Page 49 Table 1......Page 50 Appendix C: Characteristics of Common Disinfectants......Page 51 Section I: Emerging Pathways in Marine Mammal Medicine......Page 52 Sentinels......Page 53 Ecosystem Changes Detected by Sentinels......Page 54 Marine Mammals as Sentinels......Page 55 References......Page 59 Introduction......Page 64 Cetaceans......Page 65 Pinnipeds......Page 68 Manatees......Page 71 Sea Otters......Page 72 Conclusion......Page 73 References......Page 74 Introduction......Page 80 Maiming of Manatees in Collisions with Boats......Page 82 Estimation of Population Size and Trend......Page 85 Carcass Counts, Mortality, and Survival......Page 88 Uncertainties on Population Status: A Red Herring?......Page 89 References......Page 91 Objectives of Stranding Networks......Page 93 Stranding Networks Worldwide......Page 94 References......Page 114 Introduction......Page 116 MMUME Responses in the United States......Page 117 Expert Working Group on MMUMEs......Page 118 The MMUME Response......Page 121 MMUME Fund......Page 123 The Cooperative Response......Page 124 Results Accrued from Title IV of the MMPA......Page 125 References......Page 126 Theories to Explain Mass Strandings......Page 129 Current Investigations into Mass Strandings......Page 132 Evaluation of a Mass Stranding......Page 133 Management of a Mass Stranding......Page 134 Disposition of Animals in a Mass Stranding......Page 138 Conclusion......Page 140 References......Page 141 Full-Time Employment......Page 143 Personality Traits and Other Tools......Page 144 1. The First Step?Taking a Personal Self-Assessment......Page 145 2. The Second Step?Categorizing Your Unique Skills, Strategies, and Approaches......Page 146 4. The Fourth Step?Making Choices......Page 148 5. The Fifth Step?Preparing for the Interview......Page 149 6. The Sixth Step?Starting Your New Job......Page 152 Matched Internships......Page 153 Other Internships......Page 154 Graduate Degree Programs......Page 155 Other Related Programs......Page 156 Advanced Training Programs......Page 157 Scientific Societies and Membership Organizations......Page 158 Recommendations and Conclusions......Page 159 References......Page 160 Using Your Head on the Web......Page 162 General Biomedical and Veterinary Medical Sites......Page 163 Model Web Sites and Evidence-Based Medicine......Page 164 Marine Mammal?Related Listserves......Page 165 Online Marine Mammal Journals and Textbooks......Page 166 Fellowships......Page 167 Miscellaneous Electronic Resources*......Page 168 Electronic Addresses for Other Chapters in This Book......Page 170 References......Page 171 Section II: Anatomy and Physiology of Marine Mammals......Page 172 Introduction......Page 173 Manatees......Page 182 Microanatomy of the Integument......Page 183 The Superficial Skeletal Muscles......Page 185 Heart and Pericardium......Page 186 Thyroids......Page 187 Respiratory System......Page 188 Digestive System......Page 189 Genital Tract......Page 191 Digestive System......Page 192 Genital Tract......Page 193 Nervous System......Page 194 Circulatory Structures......Page 195 The Potential for Thermal Insult to Reproductive Organs......Page 196 Skeleton......Page 197 Sternum......Page 199 Pectoral Limb Complex......Page 200 Sexual Dimorphisms......Page 201 References......Page 202 Introduction......Page 209 Urine......Page 210 Pineal Gland......Page 211 Thyroid Gland......Page 213 Adrenal Gland......Page 221 Osmoregulatory Hormones......Page 226 Vasopressin......Page 227 Endocrine Pancreas......Page 229 Future Studies......Page 230 References......Page 231 Physiology of Reproduction......Page 237 Reproductive Cycle......Page 239 Estrous Cycle......Page 240 Pregnancy and Pseudopregnancy......Page 241 Implantation......Page 242 Induction of Parturition......Page 243 Anatomy......Page 244 Seasonality......Page 245 Males......Page 246 Reproductive Abnormalities in Pinnipeds......Page 247 Killer Whale......Page 248 White-Sided Dolphin......Page 249 Bottlenose Dolphin......Page 250 False Killer Whale......Page 252 Suckling Lactational Suppression of Estrus......Page 253 Pseudopregnancy......Page 254 Killer Whale......Page 255 Induction of Parturition......Page 256 Killer Whale......Page 259 White-Sided Dolphin......Page 260 Females......Page 261 Reproductive Abnormalities in Cetaceans......Page 262 Semen Collection and Storage......Page 263 Induction of Ovulation......Page 265 Synchronization of Ovulation......Page 266 Insemination Techniques......Page 267 Future Applications......Page 268 Acknowledgments......Page 269 References......Page 270 Introduction......Page 281 Adaptive Immune Response......Page 282 Cytokines......Page 283 Inflammation......Page 284 Cellular Immunity......Page 285 In Vivo......Page 286 Measurement of Pathogen-Specific Antibodies Serodiagnostics......Page 287 Precipitation/Agglutination Techniques......Page 288 Total Immunoglobulin......Page 289 Clinical Approach to Suspected Marine Mammal Immunological Disorders......Page 290 References......Page 292 Stressors......Page 297 Stress Response and Regulation......Page 298 Neurological Factors......Page 299 Glucocorticoids......Page 300 Thyroid Hormones......Page 304 Immunological Factors......Page 305 Acute Response......Page 306 Chronic Response......Page 307 Future Research......Page 308 References......Page 309 DNA Sequencing......Page 314 Genetic Analyses Applied to Stranded Marine Mammals......Page 315 Population Identification......Page 316 Social Organization......Page 317 Paternity Testing......Page 318 Hybrid Detection......Page 319 Sampling......Page 320 References......Page 321 Section III: Infectious Diseases of Marine Mammals......Page 325 Virus Isolation?An Overview......Page 326 Host Range......Page 327 Pathology......Page 328 Differentials......Page 329 Host Range......Page 330 Differentials......Page 331 Therapy......Page 332 Host Range......Page 333 Clinical Signs......Page 334 Diagnosis......Page 335 Public Health Significance......Page 336 Clinical Signs......Page 337 Differentials......Page 338 Clinical Signs......Page 339 Epidemiology......Page 340 Therapy......Page 341 Epidemiology......Page 342 Retrovirus......Page 343 References......Page 344 Introduction......Page 349 Microbial Sampling Techniques......Page 350 Brucellosis......Page 352 Cetaceans......Page 353 Vibriosis......Page 354 Pinnipeds......Page 355 Cetaceans......Page 356 Pinnipeds......Page 358 Pinnipeds......Page 359 Pinnipeds......Page 360 Nocardia......Page 361 Cetaceans......Page 362 Respiratory Disease......Page 365 Dermatological Disease......Page 366 Gastrointestinal Disease......Page 367 References......Page 368 Mycotic Diseases......Page 376 Mechanisms of Pathogenesis......Page 377 Clinical Manifestations......Page 378 Clinical Diagnostic Features of the Fungi......Page 379 Therapeutics......Page 388 Conclusion......Page 390 References......Page 391 Removal and Fixation of Parasites for Identification......Page 395 Apicomplexans......Page 397 Sarcodina......Page 398 Gastrointestinal Tract......Page 399 Respiratory System, Sinuses, and Brain......Page 403 Connective Tissue......Page 404 Apicomplexans......Page 405 Flagellates......Page 406 Gastrointestinal Tract......Page 407 Respiratory and Circulatory Systems......Page 408 Protozoa?Apicomplexans......Page 410 Helminths Nematodes, Trematodes, Cestodes, Acanthocephalans......Page 411 References......Page 412 Section IV: Pathology of Marine Mammals......Page 418 Abnormalities and Artifacts......Page 419 Sampling Equipment and Processing......Page 420 Odobenids......Page 421 Sea Otters Enhydra lutris......Page 423 Hematology CBC......Page 426 Indices......Page 427 Anemia......Page 435 Macrocytic, Normochromic......Page 436 Eosinophils......Page 437 Leukocytes and Age......Page 438 Glucose, Lipids, and Pancreatic Enzymes......Page 439 Total Cholesterol and Triglycerides......Page 440 Amylase, Lipase, and Trypsin-Like Immunoreactivity......Page 441 Alanine Aminotransferase ALT or SGPT......Page 442 Sorbitol Dehydrogenase SDH and Glutamate Dehydrogenase GLDH......Page 443 γ-Glutamyltransferase 䜀䜀吀......Page 444 Alkaline Phosphatase ALP......Page 445 Bilirubin......Page 446 Urea Nitrogen and Creatinine......Page 447 Hematocrit and Total Plasma Protein......Page 449 Albumins and Globulins......Page 450 Potassium......Page 452 Total Carbon Dioxide......Page 453 Calcium......Page 454 Magnesium......Page 455 Screening for Hemostatic Disorders......Page 456 Prothrombin Time and Partial Prothrombin Time......Page 457 Serum Iron......Page 458 Urinalysis......Page 459 Progress......Page 460 Treatment......Page 461 Treatment......Page 462 Clinicopathological Findings......Page 463 Discussion......Page 464 Histopathological Diagnosis......Page 465 References......Page 466 Introduction......Page 473 Collection of Gastric Samples......Page 474 Slide Preparation......Page 475 Epithelial Cells......Page 477 Normal Findings......Page 478 Significant Findings......Page 479 Significant Findings......Page 480 Normal Findings......Page 481 References......Page 482 Introduction......Page 485 Necropsy Examinations and Specimen Collection......Page 486 Genetics......Page 489 Age......Page 490 Reproductive Status......Page 492 Pathology?Gross Necropsy Examination......Page 493 Histopathology......Page 494 Acoustic Pathology......Page 495 Bacteriology Protocol......Page 496 Parasitology Protocol......Page 498 Toxicology Protocol......Page 500 Harmful Algal Blooms......Page 501 Acknowledgments......Page 503 References......Page 505 Introduction......Page 507 Classes of Toxicants......Page 513 Mercury......Page 514 Cadmium......Page 516 Organotins......Page 517 Accumulation and Variability......Page 518 Organochlorine Pesticides and Metabolites......Page 520 Polychlorinated Biphenyls......Page 521 Other Organohalogens......Page 523 Effects of Organochlorines on Metabolism......Page 524 Effects of Organochlorines on Reproduction and Endocrine Function......Page 526 Effects of Organochlorines on Immunocompetence and Epizootics......Page 527 Brevetoxin......Page 529 Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning......Page 530 Domoic Acid......Page 531 Oil......Page 532 Treatment......Page 535 Diagnosis......Page 537 References......Page 538 Congenital Defects......Page 557 Intraspecific Trauma......Page 558 Interspecific Trauma......Page 564 Anthropogenic Trauma......Page 566 Integumentary System......Page 567 Musculoskeletal and Dental Systems......Page 568 Digestive System......Page 569 Genitourinary System......Page 570 Cardiovascular System......Page 571 Nervous System and Special Senses......Page 572 References......Page 573 Section V: Diagnostic Imaging in Marine Mammals......Page 584 Imaging Science......Page 585 From Human to Marine Mammal Diagnostic Imaging......Page 586 Application of Diagnostic Imaging Techniques......Page 588 Conclusion......Page 589 Acknowledgments......Page 590 Introduction......Page 591 Indications......Page 595 Limitations......Page 599 Technique......Page 602 Normal Radiographic Anatomy......Page 608 Radiographic Pathology......Page 613 Normal Radiographic Anatomy......Page 615 Radiographic Pathology......Page 619 Computed Tomographic Anatomy......Page 620 Magnetic Resonance Imaging Anatomy, Dolphin......Page 621 Acknowledgments......Page 622 References......Page 624 Indications......Page 626 Equipment and Preparation......Page 627 Image Orientation......Page 628 Heart and Mediastinum......Page 629 Lungs......Page 630 Thoracic Lymph Nodes......Page 633 Liver and Biliary System......Page 634 Spleen......Page 637 Gastrointestinal Tract......Page 638 Urinary Tract......Page 642 Males......Page 644 Females......Page 645 Musculoskeletal System......Page 649 References......Page 651 Introduction......Page 654 Indications......Page 655 Limitations......Page 656 Flexible Endoscopes......Page 657 Light Sources......Page 659 Accessories and Instruments......Page 660 Cameras......Page 662 Cetacean Gastroscopy......Page 663 Respiratory Endoscopy......Page 666 Clinical Applications in Other Marine Mammals......Page 668 Insufflation......Page 669 Access......Page 670 Trocars and Cannulas......Page 671 Closure......Page 672 Minimally Invasive Surgery in Other Marine Mammals......Page 673 References......Page 674 Technique......Page 676 History......Page 677 Clinical Applications......Page 678 Pinnipeds......Page 679 Cetaceans......Page 680 Other Marine Mammal Species......Page 682 Web Sites......Page 683 References......Page 684 Section VI: Medical Management of Marine Mammals......Page 686 Preanesthetic Examination......Page 687 Monitoring Techniques......Page 688 Induction......Page 689 Monitoring......Page 692 Support......Page 693 Induction......Page 694 Intubation......Page 698 Inhalation Anesthesia......Page 699 Support......Page 700 Emergencies......Page 701 Induction......Page 702 Intubation......Page 706 Support......Page 707 Emergencies......Page 708 Induction......Page 709 Support......Page 712 Induction......Page 713 Support......Page 715 References......Page 716 Patient Evaluation......Page 721 Rehydration......Page 722 Blood Transfusion......Page 724 Emaciation......Page 725 Appetite Stimulants......Page 726 Trauma......Page 727 Central Nervous System......Page 728 Dystocia......Page 729 Antibiotics......Page 730 Support Equipment......Page 731 References......Page 732 Introduction......Page 735 Routes for Administering Drugs to Marine Mammals......Page 736 Cimetidine and Antacids......Page 737 Fluoroquinolones......Page 738 Other Antibiotics......Page 739 Diuretics......Page 740 Drug Dosages......Page 741 References......Page 754 Stranded Animals......Page 760 Methods of Euthanasia......Page 761 Route of Administration......Page 762 Etorphine......Page 763 Paralytics......Page 764 Ballistics......Page 765 Carcass Disposal......Page 767 References......Page 768 Section VII: Marine Mammal Well-Being......Page 770 Introduction......Page 771 The Responsible Regulating Agencies......Page 772 The Endangered Species Act 16 USC 1531?1544; 50 CFR 1539 ff......Page 773 Protection for Listed Species......Page 774 Enforcement......Page 775 Implementation of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora......Page 776 Exemptions and Permits for Incidental Take......Page 780 Marine Mammal Strandings and Health......Page 783 AWA Enforcement......Page 785 Space Requirements......Page 786 Overlap among the Agencies and the Various Laws......Page 787 Conclusion......Page 788 Definitions and Abbreviations Pertaining to U.S. Marine Mammal Legislation......Page 789 The Marine Mammal Stranding Networks......Page 792 Scientific Research and Enhancement Permits......Page 793 Public Display Permits......Page 794 Acknowledgments......Page 795 References......Page 796 Introduction......Page 797 Calicivirus......Page 798 Vibrio spp.......Page 799 Streptococcus......Page 800 Mycobacterium spp.......Page 801 Mycoplasma Infections......Page 802 Toxoplasma gondii......Page 803 Potential for Transmission of Infectious Disease from Marine Mammals to Humans......Page 804 References......Page 805 Environmental Considerations......Page 809 Temperature......Page 810 Filtration......Page 811 Microorganisms as Pathogens and/or Indicators of Water Quality......Page 813 Mechanisms of Sterilization......Page 814 Ozone......Page 815 Acknowledgments......Page 816 References......Page 817 Energy Requirements......Page 821 Metabolic Rate......Page 822 Thermoregulation......Page 824 Locomotion......Page 826 Water Requirements......Page 829 Fasting and Starvation......Page 831 The Bioenergetic Scheme......Page 833 Reproduction......Page 834 Heat Increment of Feeding......Page 837 Fecal and Urinary Energy Losses......Page 839 Calculation of Gross Energy Requirements......Page 840 Species That Marine Mammals Consume in Captivity and in the Wild......Page 841 Thiamine Deficiency......Page 843 Hyponatremia......Page 844 Vitamins A, D, and E......Page 845 Scombroid Poisoning......Page 846 References......Page 847 Formula......Page 858 Feeding Frequency and Daily Requirements......Page 859 References and Suggested Further Reading......Page 860 Formula Harbor Seal Formula, HSF......Page 861 Feeding Frequency and Daily Requirements......Page 862 References and Suggested Further Reading......Page 863 ESF 50?50......Page 865 Feeding Frequency and Daily Requirements......Page 866 References and Suggested Further Reading......Page 867 Delivery Methods and Techniques......Page 868 References and Suggested Further Reading......Page 869 Maintenance formula......Page 870 References and Suggested Further Reading......Page 871 Delivery Methods and Techniques......Page 872 Other Practical Information......Page 873 Delivery Methods and Techniques......Page 874 Other Practical Information......Page 875 Formulas......Page 876 References and Suggested Further Reading......Page 877 Acknowledgments......Page 878 Tracking Methodologies: A Brief Overview......Page 879 Pinnipeds......Page 885 Cetaceans......Page 890 Manatees......Page 894 Sea Otters......Page 898 References......Page 902 Regulations......Page 909 Cetaceans......Page 910 Sea Otters......Page 916 Additional Medical Considerations......Page 917 Conclusion......Page 918 References......Page 919 Section VIII: Specific Medicine and Husbandry of Marine Mammals......Page 920 Philosophy......Page 921 History......Page 922 Buoyancy......Page 923 Social Behavior......Page 924 Milk Samples......Page 925 Clinical Laboratory Tests......Page 926 Indicators of Inflammatory Disease......Page 927 Oral Route......Page 929 Topical Route......Page 930 References......Page 931 Pools, Haul-Out Areas, and Enclosures......Page 933 Physical Restraint......Page 934 Physical Examination......Page 935 Urine......Page 936 Oral......Page 937 Intraperitoneal......Page 938 Integumentary System......Page 939 Musculoskeletal System......Page 941 Digestive System......Page 942 Respiratory System......Page 943 Urogenital System......Page 945 Eyes......Page 946 Nervous System......Page 947 References......Page 948 Biology......Page 953 Reproduction......Page 954 Physical Examination......Page 955 Specimen Collection and Diagnostic Techniques......Page 956 Dermatology......Page 957 Ophthalmology......Page 958 Tusk Infections and Trauma......Page 959 Intestinal Disease......Page 960 References......Page 961 Natural History......Page 964 Anatomy, Physiology, and Behavior......Page 966 Water Requirements......Page 967 Nutrition......Page 968 Restraint, Handling, and Transport......Page 969 Diagnostic Techniques......Page 971 Therapeutics......Page 973 Anesthesia......Page 975 Cold Stress Syndrome......Page 976 Parasites......Page 977 Neonatal Disease......Page 978 Human-Related Traumatic Injuries......Page 979 References......Page 983 History......Page 986 Classification......Page 987 Anatomy......Page 988 Reproduction......Page 990 Feeding and Metabolism......Page 992 Husbandry......Page 994 Physical and Chemical Restraint......Page 996 Clinical Examination......Page 998 Hyperthermia......Page 999 Loss of Coat Condition......Page 1000 Oil Exposure......Page 1001 Abnormalities of Clinical Chemistry......Page 1002 Parasites......Page 1003 Surgery......Page 1004 References......Page 1005 Natural History and Physiology......Page 1013 Nutrition......Page 1014 Nutrition of Juveniles, Early Pregnant, and Lactating Females......Page 1015 Reproductive Hormones......Page 1016 Housing......Page 1017 Physical Examination......Page 1018 Venipuncture......Page 1019 Anesthesia......Page 1020 Ketamine......Page 1021 Tiletamine HCl and Zolazepam HCl......Page 1022 Inhalation Agents......Page 1023 Neoplasia......Page 1024 Mycotic Disease......Page 1025 Skin Disease......Page 1026 Zoonoses......Page 1027 References......Page 1028

CRC Handbook of Marine Mammal Medicine, Second Edition is the only handbook specifically devoted to marine mammal medicine and health. With 66 contributors working together to craft 45 scientifically-based chapters, the text has been completely revised and updated to contain all the latest developments in this field. Building upon the solid foundation of the previous edition, the contents of this book are light-years ahead of the topics presented in the first edition.

See what's new in the Second Edition:

Marine mammals as sentinels of ocean health

Emerging and resurging diseases

Thorough revision of the Immunology chapter

Diagnostic imaging chapters to illustrate new techniques

Quick reference for venipuncture sites in many marine mammals

Unusual mortality events and mass strandings

New topics such as a chapter on careers

Wider scope of coverage including species outside of the United States and Canada

Filled with captivating illustrations and photographs, the Handbook guides you through the natural history of cetaceans, pinnipeds, manatees, sea otters, and polar bears. Prepared in a convenient, easy-to-use format, it is designed specifically for use in the field. Covering more than 40 topics, this one-of-a-kind reference is packed with data. The comprehensive compilation of information includes medicine, surgery, pathology, physiology, husbandry, feeding and housing, with special attention to strandings and rehabilitation. The CRC Handbook of Marine Mammal Medicine, Second Edition is still a must for anyone interested in marine mammals.

Booknews

New edition of a handbook on marine mammal medicine and health. The 45 chapters written by 66 contributors contain the latest developments. In addition to emerging pathways in the field, topics include anatomy and physiology, infectious diseases, pathology, diagnostic imaging, medical management, surgery, feeding and housing, marine mammal well-being, specific medicine and husbandry of marine mammals, and new topics such as careers in marine mammal and conservation medicine. Contains about 200 color and b&w illustrations, and includes coverage of species outside of the U.S. and Canada. Edited by Dierauf (a wildlife veterinarian and conservation biologist with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service) and Gulland, a veterinarian who specializes in the role of disease in wildlife conservation. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)

CRC Handbook of Marine Mammal Medicine, Second Edition is the only handbook specifically devoted to marine mammal medicine and health. With 66 contributors working together to craft 45 scientifically-based chapters, the text has been completely revised and updated to contain all the latest developments in this field. Building upon the solid foundation of the previous edition, the contents of this book are light-years ahead of the topics presented in the first edition. See what's new in the Second Edition: Marine mammals as sentinels of ocean health Emerging and resurging diseases Thorough revision of the Immunology chapter Diagnostic imaging chapters to illustrate new techniques Quick reference for venipuncture sites in many marine mammals Unusual mortality events and mass strandings New topics such as a chapter on careers Wider scope of coverage including species outside of the United States and Canada Filled with captivating illustrations and photographs, the Handbook guides you through the natural history of cetaceans, pinnipeds, manatees, sea otters, and polar bears. Prepared in a convenient, easy-to-use format, it is designed specifically for use in the field. Covering more than 40 topics, this one-of-a-kind reference is packed with data. The comprehensive compilation of information includes medicine, surgery, pathology, physiology, husbandry, feeding and housing, with special attention to strandings and rehabilitation. The CRC Handbook of Marine Mammal Medicine, Second Edition is still a must for anyone interested in marine mammals.