Cosmic Rays in the Heliosphere: Volume Resulting from an ISSI Workshop 17–20 September 1996 and 10–14 March 1997, Bern, Switzerland (Space Sciences Series of ISSI, 3)

In every scientific discipline there are milestones - periods of significant accom­ plishment when it is appropriate to pause and summarize the state of the field. Such is the case for the study of the behavior of cosmic rays in the heliosphere. We are just passing through solar minimum conditions, when the heliosphere has a well-ordered and relatively simple configuration. We have been fortunate to have an array of spacecraft - unprecedented in the history of space exploration and unlikely to be repeated for generations - to provide comprehensive measurements of cosmic rays throughout the heliosphere. Ulysses has completed its historic first exploration of the heliosphere at high heliographic latitudes. Pioneer and Voyager have been exploring the outer heliosphere. The durable IMP-8 and now the WIND spacecraft have provided detailed baseline measurements at Earth. Concurrently, there has been a steady improvement in theoretical understanding of cosmic ray behavior through the use of ever more sophisticated numerical models. This milestone in cosmic ray studies was celebrated with a Workshop on Cos­ mic Rays in the Heliosphere which was convened by L. A. Fisk, J. R. Jokipii. Front Matter....Pages i-xiv Introduction....Pages 1-4 Front Matter....Pages 5-5 Recurrent Solar Modulation of the Galactic Cosmic Rays and the Anomalous Nuclear Component in Three Dimensions of the Heliosphere....Pages 7-19 Three-Dimensional Solar Modulation of Cosmic Rays and Anomalous Components in the Inner Heliosphere....Pages 21-32 Cosmic-Ray Modulation in the Heliosphere....Pages 33-50 Anomalous Cosmic Rays and Solar Modulation....Pages 51-62 Cosmic Ray Electrons....Pages 63-73 The Solar Wind — Inner Heliosphere....Pages 75-86 Voyager 2 Solar Wind Observations in the Outer Heliosphere....Pages 87-92 Magnetic Fields in the Inner Heliosphere....Pages 93-104 Voyager Observations of the Magnetic Field in the Distant Heliosphere....Pages 105-121 The Theory of Anomalous Cosmic Rays....Pages 123-136 Modeling of 3-D Corotating Cosmic-Ray Structures in the Heliosphere....Pages 137-145 The Modulation of Galactic Cosmic Rays in the Heliosphere: Theory and Models....Pages 147-158 The Inner Heliosphere — Outer Heliosphere Comparison for Cosmic Ray Modulation....Pages 159-167 A Brief History of Recurrent Solar Modulation of the Galactic Cosmic Rays (1937–1990)....Pages 169-176 Front Matter....Pages 177-177 Global Processes that Determine Cosmic Ray Modulation....Pages 179-214 Corotating Particle Events....Pages 215-258 Anomalous Cosmic Rays....Pages 259-308 Transient Effects and Disturbed Conditions....Pages 309-348 Front Matter....Pages 349-349 Cosmic-Ray Transport Coefficients....Pages 351-363 Front Matter....Pages 349-349 Epilogue: Cosmic Rays in the Active Heliosphere....Pages 365-368 Back Matter....Pages 369-373

This volume gives a comprehensive and integrated overview of current knowledge about cosmic rays in the heliosphere. It is the result of a workshop at ISSI, where experimental space physicists as well as theorists presented and discussed their views on the behaviour of cosmic rays during the currently prevalent solar minimum conditions, when the heliosphere has a well-ordered and relatively simple configuration. An unprecedented array of spacecraft - Ulysses, Pioneer, Voyager, IMP-8, Wind, to name a few - in conjunction with ever more sophisticated numerical models made this possible, gave us our first clear view of the three-dimensional heliosphere at solar minimum, and have significantly advanced our knowledge.
The status of the field is first presented in a series of introductory papers; these are followed by four Working Group reports attempting to synthesise this knowledge, make progress in our understanding, and point out directions of future research. A summary of the parameters used in cosmic ray modulation and an epilogue on conditions and consequences expected at the upcoming solar maximum conclude the volume. The book is intended to provide active researchers in space physics with an up-to-date status report and also to introduce the advanced graduate student to the field.