نانوتکنولوژی در لوازم آرایشی: پلیمرها و کلوئیدها در لوازم آرایشی

This symposium series book will tackle one of the fastest growing markets in the chemical industry in the US and world wide: personal care. Through advances in nanotechnology there have been significant opportunities for new developments in materials and delivery mechanisms for cosmetics and personal care products. This book will address the commercially important ingredients and delivery technologies used in cosmetic nanotechnology: polymers and colloids. Since more than half of the contributors are industrial researchers providing a perspective on real-life applications of personal care ingredients, the coverage of this topic will not only be comprehensive, but thoroughly undertake much needed concerns regarding research and development topics in cosmetic nanotechnology. bk-2007-0961_cover 1 bk-2007-0961.fw001 2 Title Page 2 Half Title Page 4 Copyright 5 Foreword 6 bk-2007-0961.ch001 7 Chapter 1 The Role of Polymers in Cosmetics: Recent Trends 7 Film Formers 9 Thickeners 13 Amphophilic Block Copolymers as Rheology Modifiers 17 Hybrid Polymers that Thicken and Form Films 20 Polymers in Hair Coloring 20 Thickeners for Hair Dyes 20 Conditioning Polymers 25 Hair Conditioning 25 Cleansing 28 Silicones for Skin Feel 40 Particle-containing emulsions 42 Stimuli-Responsive Polymeric Systems 43 Antiseptic Compositions 47 Polymeric Antimicrobials 47 UV Absorbing Polymers 48 Summary 48 References 49 bk-2007-0961.ch002 61 Chapter 2 Effect of Hydrophobic Substitution on Cationic Conditioning Polymers 61 Materials and Methods 63 Results and Discussion 64 Conclusion 71 References 73 bk-2007-0961.ch003 74 Chapter 3 Stimuli-Responsive Block Copolymers by RAFT and Their Micellization Behavior 74 Introduction 75 Synthesis of thermally-responsive block copolymers by RAFT 76 Micellization Behavior 77 Shell Cross-Linking 78 Reversible Shell Cross-Linked Micelles 80 Conclusion 81 Acknowledgements 82 References 82 bk-2007-0961.ch004 84 Chapter 4 Advanced Emulsions: Enabling Advanced Emulsion with Micro Channel Architecture 84 Laminar Shearing 86 Denser Phase Accelerated into Less Dense Phase 86 Less Dense Phase into Denser Phase 86 Technical Approach 86 MicroChannel Emulsification 87 Experimental System 91 Results and Discussion 94 Conclusions 96 References 96 bk-2007-0961.ch005 98 Chapter 5 Investigation of the Structure of Polyelectrolyte-Based Complex Coacervates and the Effects of Electrolyte Order of Addition 98 Introduction 99 Experimental 100 Materials 100 Sample Preparation 101 Phase Separation Analysis 101 Salt Effect Investigations 104 Results and Discussion 107 Polymer Structural Effects 107 Electrolyte Effects 110 Order of Addition Effects 110 Conclusions 122 References 123 bk-2007-0961.ch006 124 Chapter 6 Beauty from Contact Lenses beyond Vision Correction 124 Introduction 125 Colored Contact Lenses 126 Handling Tints 126 Cosmetic Colored Lenses 126 Pigments Used in Cosmetic Contact Lenses 130 Safety Considerations 133 References 133 bk-2007-0961.ch007 135 Chapter 7 Synthesis and Characterization of Dual Nanodelivery Systems Containing Vitamin E for Cosmetics and Pharmaceuticals 135 Experimental 137 Materials and Methods 137 Characterization 137 Acylation of Vitamin Ε with bromoacetyl bromide 138 Coupling of α-tocopherol bromoacetate (2) with Poly [(poly (oxyethylene)-oxy-5-hydroxyisophthaloyl] (3) 138 Synthesis of the amphiphilic polymer 5 138 Results and Discussion 138 Conclusions 143 Acknowledgements 143 References 144 bk-2007-0961.ch008 145 Chapter 8 Preparation and Characterization of Keratin Coatings for Orthopedic Implant Titanium Rods 145 Introduction 146 Experimental 147 1. Materials and reagents 147 2. Preparation of Keratins 147 3. Keratin coating on silicon wafer and titanium rods 147 4. Contact angle measurement 148 5. Optical ellipsometry 148 6. EDAX(Energy Dispersive X-ray Microanalysis). 149 7. ATR-FTIR (Attenuated Total Reflectance-FTIR 149 8. AFM (Atomic Force Microscopy) 149 9. XPS(X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy). 149 Results and discussion 149 Silanization of silicon wafer 149 Keratin coatings on silicon wafer 151 Silanization of titanium 154 Keratin coatings on titanium samples 154 Conclusions 157 References 157 bk-2007-0961.ch009 159 Chapter 9 Silicone Polymers: New Possibilities in Nanotechnology 159 Silicone Technology 160 A. Construction 161 Dimethhicone3 162 Group Opposites4 162 B. Functionalization 163 PEG-8 Dimethicone Water Soluble Silicone5 165 Alkyl Dimethicone Oil Soluble Silicones6 166 C. Derivatization 168 Conclusion 168 References 169 bk-2007-0961.ch010 170 Chapter 10 Silicones in Personal Care Applications 170 Introduction 171 Experimental 171 Results and Discussion 173 Conclusions 181 Acknowledgements 182 References 182 bk-2007-0961.ch011 183 Chapter 11 Nanotechnology and Applications in Cosmetics: General Overview 183 The Regulatory Structure 184 Nanotechnology - Introduction 184 Nanoparticles 185 Metal Oxide nanoparticles 185 Current State of Activities 188 References 189 bk-2007-0961.ch012 191 Chapter 12 Personal Care and Cosmetic Nanotechnology: Perspective and Opportunities 191 Personal Care Technology Drivers 192 Considerations that Drive Consumer Purchases 194 The appearance of product on shelf 194 Use of Product 195 After feel and impact of product 196 Long term after effects 197 Sunscreen Development Case Study 199 Experimental 199 Results and Discussion 201 Conclusion 201 References 202 bk-2007-0961.ap001 204 Color Figure Inserts 204 bk-2007-0961.ix001 213 Author Index 213 bk-2007-0961.ix002 214 Subject Index 214 A 214 B 214 C 215 D 216 E 216 F 216 G 217 H 217 I 217 Κ 218 L 218 M 218 Ν 218 Ο 219 P 219 R 220 S 220 T 221 U 222 V 222 W 222 X 222 Z 222 The citation of trade names and/or names of manufacturers in this publication is not to be construed as an endorsement or as approval by ACS of the commercial products or services referenced herein; nor should the mere reference herein to any drawing, specification, chemical process, or other data be regarded as a license or as a conveyance of any right or permission to the holder, reader, or any other person or corporation, to manufacture, reproduce, use, or sell any patented invention or copyrighted work that may in any way be related thereto. Registered names, trademarks, etc., used in this publication, even without specific indication thereof, are not to be considered unprotected by law.