اصلاح اشتباهات دربارهٔ آزمون‌های آموزشی و روان‌شناختی

Standardised testing bears the twin burden of controversy and complexity and is difficult for many to understand either dispassionately or technically. This book describes the state of public debate about testing across fields, and explains the primary criticisms of testing. Standardized Testing Bears The Twin Burden Of Controversy And Complexity And Is Difficult For Many To Understand Either Dispassionately Or Technically. In Response To This Reality, Richard P. Phelps And A Team Of Well-noted Measurement Specialists Describe The Current State Of Public Debate About Testing Across Fields, Explain And Refute The Primary Criticisms Of Testing, Acknowledge The Limitations And Undesirable Consequences Of Testing, Provide Suggestions For Improving Testing Practices, And Present A Vigorous Defense Of Testing As Well As A Practical Vision For Its Promise And Future. Those Who Are Charged With Translating The Science Of Testing Into Public Information And Policy - Including Administrators, Social Scientists, Test Publishers, Professors, And Journalists Who Specialize In Education And Psychology - Will Find A Wealth Of Valuable Information Here With Which To Balance The Debate.--jacket. Logical Fallacies Used To Dismiss The Evidence On Intelligence Testing / Linda S. Gottfredson -- Psychological Diagnostic Testing : Addressing Challenges In Clinical Applications Of Testing / Janet F. Carlson And Kurt F. Geisinger -- Educational Achievement Testing : Critiques And Rebuttals / Richard P. Phelps -- College Admission Testing : Myths And Realities In An Age Of Admissions Hype / Wayne J. Camara -- Criticisms Of Employment Testing : A Commentary / Ernest H. O'boyle Jr. And Michael A. Mcdaniel -- Mission--protect The Public : Licensure And Certification Testing In The 21st Century / Stephen G. Sireci And Ronald K. Hambleton -- Mistaken Impressions Of Large-scale Cognitive Diagnostic Testing / Jacqueline P. Leighton -- Summary And Discussion / Richard P. Phelps And Linda S. Gottfredson. Edited By Richard P. Phelps. Includes Bibliographical References And Indexes. Standardized testing is used for diagnosis, selection, and achievement measurement by individuals in many fields, including psychology, education, employment, and professional credentialing. Its benefits are numerous, substantial, and scientifically proven. However, these benefits are not well articulated or well publicized. In their technical communications, measurement specialists are generally positive about the worth of standardized testing. Meanwhile, those who engage public debate, such as journalists and certain special interest groups, tend to be less scientifically informed and more negative about the value of testing. The contributors to this volume contend that most criticisms ignore readily accessible scientific evidence and have the unfortunate effect of discrediting the entire testing enterprise. Standardized testing bears the twin burden of controversy and complexity and is difficult for many to understand either dispassionately or technically. In response to this reality, Richard P. Phelps and a team of well-noted measurement specialists present this book as a platform where they describe the current state of public debate about testing across fields; explain and refute the primary criticisms of testing; acknowledge the limitations and undesirable consequences of testing; provide suggestions for improving testing practices; and present a vigorous defense of testing and practical vision for its promise and future. Those who are charged with translating the science of testing into public information and policy---including administrators, social scientists, test publishers, professors, and journalists who specialize in education and psychology---should find a wealth of usable information here with which to balance the debate. Standardized testing is used for diagnosis, selection, and achievement measurement by individuals in many fields, including psychology, education, employment, and professional credentialing. Its benefits are numerous, substantial, and scientifically proven. However, these benefits are not well articulated or well publicized.In their technical communications, measurement specialists are generally positive about the worth of standardized testing. Meanwhile, those who engage public debate, such as journalists and certain special interest groups, tend to be less scientifically informed and more negative about the value of testing. The contributors to this volume contend that most criticisms ignore readily accessible scientific evidence and have the unfortunate effect of discrediting the entire testing enterprise.Standardized testing bears the twin burden of controversy and complexity and is difficult for many to understand either dispassionately or technically. In response to this reality, Richard P. Phelps and a team of well-noted measurement specialists present this book as a platform where they: describe the current state of public debate about testing across fields; explain and refute the primary criticisms of testing; acknowledge the limitations and undesirable consequences of testing; provide suggestions for improving testing practices; and, present a vigorous defense of testing and practical vision for its promise and future.Those who are charged with translating the science of testing into public information and policy - including administrators, social scientists, test publishers, professors, and journalists who specialize in education and psychology - should find a wealth of usable information here with which to balance the debate. "Standardized testing is used for diagnosis, selection, and measuring of achievement in many social fields, including psychology, education, employment, and professional credentialing. Its benefits are numerous and substantial but are not well articulated or well publicized. Measurement specialists are mainly positive about the worth of standardized testing. Meanwhile, sources that engage public debate tend to be less scientifically informed and more negative about the value of testing. Standardized testing bears the twin burden of controversy and complexity and is difficult for many to understand either dispassionately or technically. In response to this reality, this book describes the current state of public debate about testing across fields, explains and refutes the primary criticisms of testing, acknowledges the limitations and undesirable consequences of testing, provides suggestions for improving testing practices, and presents a vigorous defense of testing as well as a practical vision for its promise and future"--Cover. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved) Preface / Thomas Oakland Introduction / Richard P. Phelps Logical fallacies used to dismiss the evidence on intelligence testing / Linda S. Gottfredson Psychological diagnostic testing : addressing challenges in clinical applications of testing / Janet F. Carlson and Kurt F. Geisinger Educational achievement testing fallacies / Richard P. Phelps College admission testing : myths and realities in an age of admissions hype / Wayne J. Camara Criticisms of employment testing : a commentary / Ernest H. O'Boyle Jr. and Michael A. McDaniel Mission : protect the public : licensure and certification testing in the 21st century / Stephen G. Sireci and Ronald K. Hambleton Mistaken impressions of large-scale cognitive diagnostic testing / Jacqueline P. Leighton Summary and discussion / Richard P. Phelps and Linda S. Gottfredson Glossary Appendix A : extended examples of thirteen especially influential logical fallacies about intelligence testing / Linda S. Gottfredson Appendix B : the rocky score-line of Lake Wobegon / Richard P. Phelps. Foreword, Thomas Oakland Introduction and Overview Logical Fallacies Used to Dismiss the Evidence on Intelligence Testing, Linda S. Gottfredson Psychological Diagnostic Testing: Addressing Challenges in Clinical Applications of Testing, Janet F. Carlson & Kurt F. Geisinger Educational Achievement Testing: Critiques and Rebuttals, Richard P. Phelps College Admission Testing: Myths and Realities in an Age of Admissions Hype, Wayne J. Camara Criticisms of Employment Testing: A Commentary, Ernest H. O’Boyle & Michael A. McDaniel Mission—Protect the Public: Licensure and Certification Testing in the 21st Century, Stephen G. Sireci & Ron K. Hambleton Mistaken Impressions of Large-Scale Cognitive Diagnostic Testing, Jacqueline P. Leighton Summary & Discussion, Richard P. Phelps & Linda S. Gottfredson Contents 5 Contributors 7 Foreword 8 Introduction 14 Chapter 1 Logical Fallacies Used to Dismiss the Evidence on Intelligence Testing 22 Chapter 2 Psychological Diagnostic Testing: Addressing Challenges in Clinical Applications of Testing 78 Chapter 3 Educational Achievement Testing: Critiques and Rebuttals 100 Chapter 4 College Admission Testing: Myths and Realities in an Age of Admissions Hype 158 Chapter 5 Criticisms of Employment Testing: A Commentary 192 Chapter 6 Mission—Protect the Public: Licensure and Certification Testing in the 21st Century 210 Chapter 7 Mistaken Impressions of Large-Scale Cognitive Diagnostic Testing 230 Chapter 8 Summary and Discussion 258 Glossary 268 Author Index 276 Subiect Index 284 About the Editor 298