بیماری کروناویروس: از منشاء تا شیوع

Coronavirus Disease: From Origin to Outbreak provides a comprehensive review of coronaviruses, particularly COVID-19, its transmission, and disease pathology. The book covers the viral structure and genetics of coronaviruses, the pathogenesis and unique characteristics of coronavirus infection, and the evolving nature of our understanding of coronaviruses and disease. It also looks at the history of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV infections and its global spread. The book examines the effectiveness of various preventive measures and new therapeutic agents that are either currently available or expected to available. Finally, it details the psychological and societal impact the virus and disease has in outbreak regions and what the financial impact an outbreak has on the healthcare system and local economies. Provides an overview of the nature of infection, methods of spread, and history to better understand the principles of prevention and treatment of not only coronaviruses but also zoonotic infections in general Makes comparisons with the impact of other viral infections such as Ebola virus disease, Zika virus disease, and Dengue virus disease which is key to learning from previous successful and unsuccessful strategies Examines the global health perspective, population reaction, medical response to the COVID-19 pandemic Front Cover Coronavirus Disease Coronavirus Disease: From Origin to Outbreak Copyright Contents Contributors 1 - Introduction References 2 - History of SARS-CoV-2 References 3 - Zoonotic infections Definition Transmission History of zoonoses Emerging infections and virus spillover Bat ecology Zoonosis as relevant to SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 infections Challenges to control outbreak References 4 - Global response An enemy emerges The virus marches on: East Asian countries Europe will not be spared: Italy Let us worship in peace: Pakistan The new norm: the United States gets caught in a storm The city that never sleeps The dilemma of one of the largest gathering in the world The search for a prevention The need to monitor the cases As Earth completes its revolution References 5 - Coronavirus infection outbreak: comparison with other viral infection outbreak Understanding SARS-CoV-2 Epidemic versus pandemic Common features of epidemics Saw tooth pattern Tooth necklace pattern Tooth eruption pattern Why epidemics die their deaths? Comparing SARS-CoV-2 with SARS-CoV and influenza pandemics Gene structure of MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 Transmissibility and the basic reproductive rate Incubation period of SARS-CoV-2 and viral excretion Case fatality and risk of severe illness Population-based mortality Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infections Comparing SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV spread SARS-CoV-2 and warmer weather SARS-CoV-2 and the effect of containment measures Conclusion References 6 - SARS-CoV-2 viral structure and genetics Introduction Viral structure Molecular genetics Cell entry process Replication and gene expression Replication transcription complexes Basics of immune response Viral host immune interactions SARS-CoV-2 vaccines Conclusions References 7 - Clinical manifestation and diagnosis Introduction Transmission of COVID-19 Routes of Transmission Timescale of transmission Susceptible groups Clinical manifestations Initial phase Pulmonary phase Inflammatory phase Extrapulmonary manifestations Clinical classification of symptomatic patients Risk factors for severe disease Disease course in special groups Children Pregnant women and neonates Diagnosis Specific diagnostic tests Nucleic acid testing Protein testing Point-of-care testing Viral culture Who should get a diagnostic test (molecular or antigen testing)? Laboratory findings Complete blood count Coagulation tests Biochemical markers Inflammatory markers Cardiac markers Radiological findings Chest radiographic examination Computed tomography Lung ultrasonography Case definitions Differential diagnosis Viral persistence, convalescence, and recovery period Precautionary guidelines set up by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention regarding the testing process of COVID-19 ... Use of personal protective equipment Use of personal protective equipment for routine healthcare delivery during pandemic Use of personal protective equipment when caring for suspected or confirmed COVID-19 patients Respirator or facemask Eye protection Gloves Gowns Collecting, handling, and testing clinical specimens for COVID-19 Specimen type Collecting and handling specimens safely Handling bulk-packaged sterile swabs properly Storage and shipping COVID-19 laboratory biosafety References 9 - The economic repercussions of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) World economy December 2019 Major conflicts Political impact of COVID-19 China's economic response to COVID-19 What industry relied on Wuhan for trade globally Governments' economic response to COVID-19 A recession caused by SARS-CoV-2 References Further Reading 10 - Psychological and social implications of COVID-19 Introduction Effect of quarantine and isolation on psychosocial well-being Impact on healthcare providers and frontline workers—“heal the healers” Impact on the society Children Old age Domestic caregivers Neglected community—migrants, daily wagers, slum dwellers, and inmate General public Home quarantine for “homeless”— self-contradictory Impact on people with preexisting psychiatric condition Role of social platforms and media Role of government and political leaders Conclusion References Index A B C D E F G H I J K L M N P Q R S T U V W Z Back Cover "Coronavirus Disease: From Origin to Outbreak provides a comprehensive review of coronaviruses, particularly severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), its transmission, and disease pathology. The book covers the viral structure and genetics of coronaviruses, the pathogenesis and unique characteristics of coronavirus infection, and the evolving nature of our understanding of coronaviruses and associated diseases. The book also looks at the history of SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infections, their global spread, and comparisons with the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The book examines the effectiveness of various preventive measures and new therapeutic agents that are either currently available or expected in the future for the treatment of coronavirus diseases. Finally, it details the psychological and societal impact of the disease in various regions and the financial impact on the healthcare systems."--Page [4] of cover Edited By Adnan I. Qureshi, Omar Saeed And Uzma Syed.