Coronary Stenting: A Companion to Topol's Textbook of Interventional Cardiology E-Book: Expert Consult - Online and Print (Expertconsult.com)

Make optimal use of the latest coronary stenting techniques and adjunctive devices with well-rounded guidance from Coronary Stenting , a companion volume to Dr. Topol’s Textbook of Interventional Cardiology . This comprehensive, up-to-date interventional cardiology book keeps you abreast of the latest trial data on efficacy and safety as well as cutting-edge clinical applications in coronary stenting. Achieve optimal outcomes and minimize complications with expert guidance from the foremost teachers and writers in the field of interventional cardiology. Implement the latest knowledge on cutting-edge topics such as drug-eluting stent design; appropriate interpretation of randomized clinical trials and comparative effectiveness studies of coronary stents; the use of fractional flow reserve, intravascular ultrasound and optical coherence tomography to optimize lesion selection and stent implantation; anterograde and retrograde approaches to chronic total occlusions; and percutaneous revascularization of diabetics and patients with left main or multivessel disease. Quickly and easily find the coronary stenting information you need thanks to highly templated chapters and high-quality full-color illustrations that incorporate the latest clinical trial data into recommendations for proper patient and device selection. Coronary Stenting: A Companion to Topol's Textbook of Interventional Cardiology......Page 2 Copyright page......Page 5 Dedication......Page 6 Contributors......Page 7 Preface......Page 9 Angioplasty: The Beginnings......Page 10 Genesis of the Metal Graft......Page 11 First Human Case......Page 12 Stent Thrombosis......Page 13 Randomized Clinical Trials......Page 14 First “Drug-Coated” Stent......Page 16 References......Page 17 Flexibility and Trackability......Page 18 Longitudinal Strength......Page 20 Stent Alloys......Page 21 Sirolimus......Page 22 Polymers......Page 24 Poly(styrene-b-isobutylene-b-styrene)......Page 25 Vinylidene Fluoride and Hexafluoropropylene Copolymer......Page 26 BioLinx......Page 27 Cypher......Page 28 Promus Element......Page 29 Taxus Element (ION)......Page 30 Xience Series......Page 31 Conclusions......Page 32 References......Page 33 Normal Swine Models......Page 35 Arterial Overstretch and Porcine Model of STENT Restenosis......Page 36 Methodologies for Preclinical Testing of Bare Metal Stents......Page 37 Key Concepts of Drug-Eluting Stent Validation......Page 39 Polymers......Page 40 Preclinical Assessment of Combined Drug-Eluting Stent Platform (Polymer, Drug, and Stent)......Page 41 Preclinical Assessment of Sirolimus-Eluting and Paclitaxel-Eluting Stents......Page 42 Newer Generation Drug-Eluting Stents......Page 43 Preclinical Animal Testing......Page 44 Specific Bioresorbable Technologies......Page 45 Conclusion......Page 46 References......Page 47 What is the Question?......Page 49 Selection of Comparators......Page 50 Patient Populations......Page 51 Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trial Data......Page 52 Case Study: The TAXUS Paclitaxel-Eluting Stent Randomized Clinical Trial Program......Page 53 All Comers Trials......Page 54 Single-Arm Trials with Historical Controls......Page 56 Observational Studies to Determine Comparative Effectiveness......Page 57 Regression Analyses......Page 58 Case Study of Methods to Control for Confounding: is There a Mortality Benefit with Drug-Eluting Stents Compared with Bare Metal Stents?......Page 59 Conclusion......Page 61 References......Page 62 Endothelial Coverage as a Morphometric Predictor for Late and Very Late Stent Thrombosis......Page 64 Fibrous Cap Thickness and Stent Strut Coverage......Page 65 Pathologic Findings in Bifurcation Stenting......Page 68 Coronary Responses and Differential Mechanisms of Late and Very Late Stent Thrombosis Attributed to Sirolimus-Eluting Stents and Paclitaxel-Eluting Stents......Page 69 Comparative Pathology of Neoatherosclerosis after Bare Metal Stent or Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation......Page 72 References......Page 74 Potential Advantages of Bioresorbable Scaffolds......Page 76 Bioabsorbable Magnesium Stent......Page 77 Cohort A Design and Outcomes......Page 78 Cohort B Design and Outcomes......Page 79 Elixir Bioresorbable Scaffold......Page 80 Arterial Remodeling Technologies......Page 81 References......Page 82 Bare Metal Stents......Page 83 Sirolimus-Eluting Stent......Page 84 Second-Generation Drug-Eluting Stents......Page 85 Endeavor......Page 86 Biolimus A9-Eluting Stents......Page 89 Comparisons of Drug-Eluting Stents versus Bare Metal Stents and Concerns Regarding Safety of Drug-Eluting Stents......Page 90 Conclusion: Balancing Safety and Efficacy......Page 91 References......Page 92 Pathophysiology......Page 95 Stent Underexpansion......Page 96 Stent Fracture......Page 97 Everolimus-Eluting Stent......Page 98 Bare Metal Stent Restenosis......Page 100 Invasive Evaluation of in-Stent Restenosis......Page 101 Prognosis......Page 102 Treatment of Bare Metal Stent Restenosis......Page 103 Drug-Eluting Balloon Catheters......Page 104 References......Page 105 Criteria for Optimal Stent Implantation......Page 109 Clinical Trials of Intravascular Ultrasound–Guided Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with Bare Metal Stents......Page 110 Cost-Effectiveness of Intravascular Ultrasound during Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with Bare Metal Stents......Page 111 Impact of Intravascular Ultrasound on Drug-Eluting Stent Restenosis......Page 113 Early Drug-Eluting Stent Thrombosis......Page 114 Observational Registries......Page 115 Conclusion......Page 116 References......Page 117 Image Acquisition......Page 118 Vessel and Stent Assessment......Page 120 Imaging Artifacts......Page 122 Stent Expansion and Malapposition......Page 123 Determining Malapposition......Page 124 Future Considerations......Page 125 References......Page 126 Deferring Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Based on Fractional Flow Reserve......Page 128 Left Main Disease......Page 129 Fractional Flow Reserve in Multivessel Disease......Page 130 Limitations of Fractional Flow Reserve......Page 132 References......Page 133 Mechanisms of Action......Page 135 Indications......Page 137 Clopidogrel......Page 138 Side Effects......Page 141 Side Effects......Page 142 Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins......Page 143 Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins......Page 144 Indications......Page 145 Aspirin Response......Page 146 Aspirin......Page 147 Cellular Factors......Page 148 Increased Dosing......Page 149 Novel Antiplatelet Drugs......Page 150 Dual Antiplatelet Therapy in Patients on Chronic Oral Anticoagulation......Page 151 References......Page 153 Observational Studies Comparing Drug-Eluting Stents with Cardiac Surgery......Page 155 ERACI III......Page 156 Design and Patient Characteristics......Page 157 Design and Patient Characteristics......Page 158 Clinical Outcomes......Page 160 Age, Creatinine, and Ejection Fraction Score......Page 161 Society of Thoracic Surgery Score......Page 163 Future Directions......Page 164 References......Page 165 Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Versus Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting......Page 167 Lesion Subsets and Stenting Techniques......Page 169 Hemodynamic Support......Page 172 Surveillance......Page 173 References......Page 174 Distribution......Page 176 Endothelial Shear Stress and Arterial Plaque Formation......Page 177 Definition......Page 178 Classification of the Left Main Bifurcation......Page 179 Technique Classification......Page 180 Initial Strategy and Decision Making......Page 181 Two-Stent Strategy......Page 183 T Stenting and Protrusion......Page 184 Crush Technique......Page 185 Double Kissing Crush Technique......Page 186 V-Stent, Simultaneous Kissing Stent, and Trouser Simultaneous Kissing Stent Techniques......Page 187 Provisional Stenting Versus Double Stenting......Page 188 Bare Metal Stents Versus Drug-Eluting Stents......Page 190 Stent Thrombosis......Page 191 Virtual Histology......Page 192 Fractional Flow Reserve......Page 193 References......Page 194 Quantity of Life......Page 197 Vascular Access and Guide Catheters......Page 198 Coronary Wires......Page 199 Anterograde Wiring......Page 200 CrossBoss Catheter.......Page 201 Stingray Wire.......Page 202 Indications for a Retrograde Approach and Appropriate Case Selection......Page 203 Retrograde Approach Equipment.......Page 204 Controlled Anterograde and Retrograde Tracking.......Page 205 Retrograde Recanalization Techniques.......Page 206 References......Page 207 Late Ischemia......Page 209 Drug-Eluting Stents......Page 210 Embolic Protection......Page 211 Atherectomy......Page 212 Vasodilators......Page 214 Treatment of Acutely Failed Grafts......Page 215 References......Page 217 CADILLAC Trial......Page 219 Meta-Analyses......Page 220 Strategy......Page 222 MULTISTRATEGY Trial......Page 224 Meta-Analysis......Page 225 Temporal Differences in Thrombotic Events......Page 227 Everolimus-Eluting Stents......Page 229 Conclusion......Page 230 References......Page 232 B......Page 233 D......Page 234 N......Page 235 R......Page 236 V......Page 237 Z......Page 238