Copper in Animal Wastes and Sewage Sludge : Proceedings of the EEC Workshop Organised by the Institut National De La Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Station D’Agronomie, Bordeaux, France, and Held at Bordeaux, October 8–10, 1980

This publication constitutes the Proceedings of a Workshop held in Bordeaux (France) on 8th - 10th October, 1980, under the auspices of the Commissior: of the European Communities, as part of the CEC research programme on 'Effluents from Livestock' and the Concerted Action COST 68 bis 'Treatment and Use of Sewage Sludge'. Major changes have taken place in livestock production techniques in recent years. One of the most important developments has been in the field of animal nutrition. Animals are fed to gain maximum liveweight in close relationship with market requirements for carcass and meat quality. With regard to pig production, dietary formulation is based on scientific principles and feed includes a large variety of ingredients to supply optimum feed rations for 'standardised' animals. In order to increase growth rate and to improve feed conversion, copper is added to the ratio~s of fattening pigs in a number of countries, in accordance with the provisions of Council Directives concerning additives in feedingstuffs, as last amended by the 23rd Commission Directive of 4th July 1980. Front Matter....Pages i-xiv Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Twenty Five Years of Widespread Use of Copper as an Additive to Diets of Growing Pigs....Pages 3-15 Past and Present Situation in Relation to the Use of Feed Additives in Diets for Piglets; Consequences of Utilisation of Copper....Pages 16-41 Danish Experiments with Copper for Bacon Pigs....Pages 42-50 Physiological Aspects of Copper in Pig Diets....Pages 51-60 The Effect of Copper on Some Physiological and Bacteriological Characteristics in Different Parts of the Gastro-Intestinal Tract of Growing Pigs....Pages 61-77 Back Matter....Pages 78-81 Front Matter....Pages 83-83 Behaviour of Copper in Soils: Adsorption and Complexation Reactions....Pages 85-101 The Application of Copper in Sewage Sludge and Pig Manure to Agricultural Land in England and Wales....Pages 102-116 Copper Toxicity to Crops Resulting from Land Application of Sewage Sludge....Pages 117-135 Copper Toxicity in Viticultural Soils....Pages 136-143 Implications of Applying Copper-Rich Pig Slurry to Grassland — Effects on Plants and Soils....Pages 144-153 Copper Accumulation in Brittany Soils through Enriched Pig Slurry; Phytotoxic Risks....Pages 154-161 A Contribution to the Establishment of Safe Copper Levels in Soil....Pages 162-183 Copper and its Utilisation in Danish Agriculture....Pages 184-197 Copper in sludge — are the Toxic Effects of Copper and other Heavy Metals Additive?....Pages 204-222 Copper Uptake from Soil Treated with Sewage Sludge and its Implications for Plant and Animal Health....Pages 223-241 Back Matter....Pages 198-203 Front Matter....Pages 243-243 Effects of the Disposal of Copper-Rich Slurry on the Health of Grazing Animals....Pages 245-260 Copper Toxicity in Sheep....Pages 261-272 Implications of Applying Copper Rich Pig Slurry to Grassland — Effects on the Health of Grazing Sheep....Pages 273-286 Effect of Copper Supplied in the Form of Different Cu-Saturated Sludge samples and Copper Salts on the Cu-Concentration and Dry Matter yield of Corn Grown in Sand....Pages 287-304 Back Matter....Pages 305-308 Front Matter....Pages 309-309 The Effect on Human Copper Status of the Consumption of Edible Tissues from Animals Fed Cu-Rich Diets....Pages 311-323 Front Matter....Pages 325-325 Copper as a Growth Promoter....Pages 327-354 Copper in Feedingstuffs Political and Legislative Situation in the Community....Pages 355-366 Front Matter....Pages 367-367 Telegram....Pages 369-370 Conclusions and Recommendations....Pages 371-373 Back Matter....Pages 374-378 Proceedings of the EEC Workshop organised by the Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Station d'Agronomie, Bordeaux, France, and held at Bordeaux, 8-10 October 1980