Cooperative Buildings: Integrating Information, Organization, and Architecture: First International Workshop, Cobuild 98, Darmstadt, Germany, February ... (Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 1370)

This volume constitutes the proceedings of the First International Workshop on - operative Buildings (CoBuild’98) – Integrating Information, Organization, and Ar chitecture, held in Darmstadt, Germany, on February 25–26, 1998. The idea for this workshop and actually the term “cooperative building” was created during the activi ties of initiating the consortium “Workspaces of the Future” for conducting an inter disciplinary R&D program in cooperation with partners from industry. We discovered that there was no appropriate forum to present research at the intersection of informa tion technology, organizational innovation, and architecture. The theme “Integrating information, organization, and architecture” reflects the challenges resulting from current and future developments in these three areas. In the future, work and cooperation in organizations will be characterized by a degree of dynamics, flexibility, and mobility that will go far beyond many of today's develop ments and examples. The introduction of information and communication technology has already changed processes and contents of work significantly. However, the de sign of work environments, especially physical work spaces as offices and buildings, remained almost unchanged. It is time to reflect these developments in the design of equally dynamic, flexible, and mobile work environments. The papers of this volume show that this is an interdisciplinary endeavor requiring a wide range of perspectives and the utilization of results from various areas of research and practice. Front matter Lecture Notes in Computer Science Cooperative Buildings Preface Supporting/Cooperating Societies Conference Committee Table of Contents Chapter 1 The Invisible Interface: Increasing the Power of the Environment through Calm Technology Chapter 2 Working Place for the Knowledge Economy Chapter 3 Roomware for Cooperative Buildings:Integrated Design ofArchitectural Spaces and Information Spaces 1 Introduction 2 Cooperative Buildings 3 Integrated Design of Architectural Space and Information Space 3.1 The Roomware Concept 3.2 A3-Environments 4 i-LAND: An interactive Landscape for Creativity and Innovation 4.1 Motivation and Requirements 4.2 Roomware components of i-LAND 4.2.1 DynaWall 4.2.2 CommChairs 4.2.3 InteracTable 4.2.4 Passage 5 Related Work 5.1 Augmented Reality 5.2 Ubiquitous Computing, Multiple Devices 5.3 Collaborative Workspaces 6 Conclusions and Future Work Acknowledgement References Chapter 4 Ambient Displays: Turning Architectural Space into anInterface between People and Digital Information 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 2.1 Tangible bits 2.2 Awareness in human computerinteraction 2.3 Cognitive science theories related to ambient displays 3 The ambientROOM 3.1 Human activity awareness 3.2 Global system awareness 3.3 Controls 3.4 Implementation 4 Ambient Fixtures 4.1 The Water Lamp 4.2 Pinwheels 5 Discussion 5.1 Mapping of information sources 5.2 Thresholds / transition from background to foreground 5.3 Learning effect 6 Conclusion Acknowledgements References Chapter 5 Multiple-Computer User Interfaces: A CooperativeEnvironment Consisting of Multiple Digital Devices 1 Introduction: From a single-device UI to a multi-device UI 2 Pick-and-Drop: An interaction technique for transferringdigital information in a physical environment 3 Applications of Pick-and-Drop 4 Applying a Multi-computer Configuration to a DigitalWhiteboard Design 5 Summary and Future Projects References Chapter 6 A Prototype Intelligent Environment 1 Introduction 2 Motivation 2.1 Why this isn’t Ubiquitous Computing 2.2 Other Related Work 3 The Intelligent Room 3.1 Speech Input 3.2 Computer Vision 3.3 Room Control 3.4 The Tour Guide Agent 4 Discussion 4.1 Avoiding Multimodal Nightmares Acknowledgements References Chapter 7 A Room of Your Own: What Do We Learn aboutSupport of Teamwork from Assessing Teamsin Dedicated Project Rooms? 1 Introduction 2 Findings: How Dedicated Project Rooms Support Teamwork 2.1 Types of collaborative spaces 2.2 How teams obtain and inhabit dedicated project rooms 2.3 How cognitive artifacts support teamwork 2.4 How collocation supports teamwork 3 Implications for Technology Support of Teamwork inCooperative Buildings Acknowledgments References Chapter 8 Experience in Building a Cooperative DistributedOrganization: Lessons for Cooperative BuildingsT 1 Introduction 2 Analytical Preliminaries – Social Worlds and Locales 3 Our Experiment: The IEU Social World 3.1 IEU civic structures 3.2 IEU locales and their resources 3.3 Summary observations of the IEU trajectory 3.4 A potential collaboration 3.5 Collaboration in practice 3.6 Romany: An emergent collaboration that worked 3.7 Discussion 4 Implications for Cooperative Buildings 4.1 Drawing out the lessons of the study 4.2 Services and space in cooperative buildings 4.3 Designing from the sociology to the structure: Applications of patternlanguages 5 Conclusions References Chapter 9 The Kumamoto-Kyoto-MIT Collaborative Project:A Case Study of the Design Studio of the Future 1 Project Overview 1.1 The design problem 1.2 The participants 1.3 The technological tools used for design communication and designcollaboration 1.4 The organizational structure of the design collaboration 2 Interweaving Collaborative technologies with Social Practices:Some Preliminary Observations 2.1 Adapting technologies to collaborative processes 2.2 Emerging practices from collaborative technologies 3 Learning from the KKM Project 3.1 Design communications 3.2 Technical aspects of collaborative tools 3.3 Organizational and social practice of design teams and communities 4 Summary Acknowledgements References Chapter 10 Adaptive Rooms, Virtual Collaborationand Cognitive Workflow 1 Introduction 2 An Ontology for Adaptive Rooms 2.1 Passive objects 2.2 Reactive objects 2.3 Active objects 2.4 Information objects 2.5 Does cloning and linking complicate an ontology? 2.6 Interim summary 3 Work Flow Analyses and Distributed Cognition 3.1 A simple scenario 4 Conclusion References Chapter 11 The Metaphor of Virtual Rooms in the CooperativeLearning Environment CLear 1 Introduction 2 Using the Metaphor of Virtual Rooms to SupportCollaboration 2.1 Rooms in the real world 2.2 Related Work: Virtual rooms in CSCW systems 3 Using the Metaphor of Virtual Rooms to Structure Knowledge 3.1 Mental models 3.2 Implications for learning 4 Research Issues and Outlook References Chapter 12 Integrated Architecture of Electronic Mall Systems— How Strategies, Processes and Organizations InfluenceInformation System Design 1 Introduction 2 Integrated Architecture – What does it mean ? 3 Electronic Mall – Adding value for SMEs 4 The Project – The Architecture 5 Conclusions and Outlook References Chapter 13 An Agent-based Telecooperation Framework 1 Motivation 2 System Architecture 3 Agent Cluster and Functionality 4 Agent Architecture and Functionality 4.1 The communication agent 5 Related Work 6 Conclusion References Chapter 14 The Co-operative Evolution of Buildings and Cities Vignette 1: Background Vignette 2: The Generator project Vignette 3: The Walter Segal self build and self design system Vignette 4: Evolutionary Design How an evolutionary model works The co-evolutionary model Vignette 5: Co-operative evolution on the Internet: TheInteractivator The exhibition installation and virtual visitors Vignette 6: Citizen co-operation in urban design: The GroningenExperiment The Groningen context Exploring new urban strategies The nature of the model The operation of the model The implementation of the Groningen prototype Vignette 7: Global co-operation in the Electronic Evolution ofCities: The Talking Cities Project References Chapter 15 The Timeless Way: Making Living Cooperative Buildingswith Design Patterns 1 Introduction 2 Background: What Are Design Patterns? 3 Patterns in Cooperative Building Design 3.1 Why are design patterns relevant to interface design? 3.1.1 Some Design Patterns for interface design 3.2 Patterns in functional design 3.2.1 Some Patterns 3.3 Relevance in ergonomic design 3.3.1 Some Patterns in Ergonomic Design 3.4 Patterns in the built environment 3.4.1 Some patterns 4 Concluding Questions and Exhortation References Chapter 16 Sustainability of New Work Practisesand Building Concepts 1 Introduction 2 Definition of Sustainability 3 Assessment of Sustainability 4 Assessment of Work Practices, Communication Technologiesand Buildings 4.1 Form of work 4.2 Information and communication technologies 4.3 Building construction and operation 5 What Kind of Buildings do we Need for New Work Practisesand New Communication Techniques? 6 Buildings in a Long Term Perspective 7 Real Buildings and Virtual Buildings References Chapter 17 Cooperative Buildings— The Case of office VISION 1 The Vision 2 Motivation and Approach 3 Office VISION 3.1 Sustainability 3.2 Dynamic democratic organisation 3.3 Healthy and inspiring indoor climate 3.4 Liberating cooperative technologies 3.5 Example projects 3.5.1 The power envelope - zero emission building 3.5.2 @VISION organisation 3.5.3 A woodland kindergarten for adults 3.5.4 Multimedia team spaces References Chapter 18 Future@WorkAn Experimental Exhibit Investigating IntegratedWorkplace Design 1 Background 2 The Collaboration 3 Exhibit Goals 3.1 Interrupt people’s thinking 3.2 Explore the benefits of an integrated approach to change 3.3 Demonstrate activity-based planning methodology 3.4 Provide an inspiring experience 3.5 Explore creating an environment of choice 3.6 Support collaboration 3.7 Support cultural and organizational change 3.8 Demonstrate return on investment 4 The Exhibit 5 Year 1997 6 Year 2007 6.1 Reception area 6.2 Village Green 6.3 Alternative Work Settings 7 Results 7.1 Interrupt people’s thinking 7.2 Explore the benefits of an integrated approach to change 7.3 Demonstrate activity-based planning methodology 7.4 Provide an inspiring experience 7.5 Explore creating an environment of choice 7.6 Support collaboration 7.7 Support cultural and organizational change 7.8 Demonstrate return on investment 8 Conclusion Acknowledgments References Chapter 19 Connecting Qualities of Social Use with Spatial Qualities 1 Introduction 2 Conceptualizing Social Use in Relation to Space 2.1 Regions and connections to other places 2.2 Open to evolving and changing uses and events 2.3 Awareness 3 Merging the Perspectives of Architecture and Systems Design 4 Conclusions References Chapter 20 Law Enforcement of Working Space Requirementsin Office Buildings— The Policy of the Labour Inspectorate in the Netherlands 1 Introduction 2 Legislation 3 Flexible Work Organization Models 4 Law Enforcement Chapter 21 Organizing Space in Time— Discovering Existing Resources 1 Motivation 2 Managing Space and Time 3 Getting Information about Available Space 3.1 Making information accessible for everybody 3.2 Information based space and time organization 3.3 Technical realization 4 Conclusion References Chapter 22 A Room Management System 1 Motivation 2 Room Management Considerations 2.1 Existing systems 2.2 Devices 2.3 Group unaware applications 2.4 Group aware applications, “the missing link” 2.5 Synonyms 2.6 Identification 3 The Room Management System 3.1 Visualization 3.2 Multiple selection 3.3 Awareness 3.4 Application sharing 3.5 Device control 3.6 Implementation details 4 CCF Objects of the Room Management System 5 Conclusion References Chapter 23 The Dwelling as a Place for Work 1 Introduction 2 Scenarios of the Dwelling, Future Life and Work Style “When the kids comes home” “Talking to grand-ma“ 3 Architectural Concepts 3.1 The dwelling 3.2 The concept of time 3.3 The concept of space 3.4 Private and public 4 Basic Communication 4.1 Architectural interpretation of communication media 4.2 Create and share social and work space 4.2.1 The Corridor 4.2.2 The Lobby 4.2.3 The Lab 4.2.4 The Kitchen 4.3 Use and control of communication media 4.4 Conclusions from basic communication 5 Discussion 5.1 New use of communication media 5.2 The architectural and communicative expression 5.3 Future work Acknowledgements References Chapter 24 Understanding Technology in Domestic Environments:Lessons for Cooperative Buildings 1 Introduction 2 The Move to the Household 3 Understanding the Home 4 Emergent Themes in Domestic Environments 4.1 Aesthetic elements of the home 4.2 Privacy 4.3 Ownership of space 5 The Place of Technology within the Home 6 The Co-ordination of Homelife 7 Lessons for the Development of Cooperative Buildings References Back matter Author Index Keyword Index The Invisible Interface : Increasing The Power Of The Environment Through Calm Technology / M. Weiser -- Working Place For The Knowledge Economy / J. Worthington -- Roomware For Cooperative Buildings : Integrated Design Of Architectural Spaces And Information Spaces / N.a. Streitz, J. Geiβler, T. Holmer -- Ambient Displays : Turning Architectural Space Into An Interface Between People And Digital Information / C. Wisneski ... [et Al.] -- Multiple-computer User Interfaces : A Cooperative Environment Consisiting Of Multiple Digital Devices / J. Rekimoto -- A Prototype Intelligent Environment / M.h. Coen -- A Room Of Your Own : What Do We Learn About Support Of Teamwork From Assessing Teams In Dedicatedproject Rooms? / L.m. Covi ... [et Al.] -- Experience In Building A Cooperative Distributed Organization : Lessons For Cooperative Buildings / G. Fitzpatrick, S. Kaplan, S. Parsowith -- The Kumamoto-kyoto-mit Collaborative Project : A Case Study Of The Design Studio Of The Future / S. Yee ... [et Al.] -- Adaptive Rooms, Virtual Collaboration And Cognitive Workflow / D. Kirsh -- The Metaphor Of Virtual Rooms In The Cooperative Learning Environment Clear / H.-r. Pfister ... [et Al.] -- Integrated Architecture Of Electronic Mall Systems : How Strategies, Processes And Organizations Influence Information System Design / K. Bender -- An Gent-based Telecooperation Framework / A. Schmidt ... [et Al.] -- The Cooperative Evolution Of Buildings And Cities / J. Frazer -- The Timeless Way : Making Living Cooperative Buildings With Design Patterns / L. Pemberton, R.n. Griffiths -- Sustainability Of Ne Work Practices And Building Concepts / N. Kohler -- Coope Norbert A. Streitz, Shinʾichi Konomi, Heinz-jürgen Burkhardt (eds.). Includes Bibliographical References And Indexes.