Continuity and Change of Party Democracies in Europe (Politische Vierteljahresschrift Sonderhefte)

This special issue of the German Political Science Quarterly addresses the transformation and the sustainability of European party democracies, both at the level of party organization as well as party systems and competition. The contributions in this volume are dedicated to these areas of change of European party democracies from different perspectives. It shows which new dynamics of change can be stated and how they can be explained. Contents Jun, Uwe • Bukow, Sebastian • Bolleyer, Nicole • Correa Vila, Patricia • Schmitt, Johannes • Franzmann, Simon • Detterbeck, Klaus • Gross, Martin • Schäfer, Constantin • Blombäck, Sofie • Krouwel, André • Bale, Tim • Tremlett, Lucas • Best, Volker • Lewandowsky, Marcel • Schindler, Danny • Höhne, Benjamin • Hohendorf, Lukas • Saalfeld, Thomas • Sieberer, Ulrich • Reinermann, Holger • Faas, Thorsten Target Groups Researchers and students in the fields of Political and Social Sciences Editors Dr. Sebastian Bukow is Head of Politics and Party Research Division, Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung, Berlin. Dr. Uwe Jun is Professor of Political Science (Political System of the Federal Republic of Germany) at the University of Trier Acknowledgements Contents List of Contributors Party Democracies in Europe Under Threat? Abstract The Model of Party Democracy Parties and Party Democracies Under Pressure Recent Developments and New Challenges for Parties and Party Democracies Concluding Remarks References Why Parties Narrow Their Representative Profile: Evidence from Six European Democracies Abstract Introduction Why a Neglect of a ‘Narrowing Strategy’ in Party Research? Why Parties Narrow Their Representative Profile: A Theoretical Framework Definition Hypotheses—External and Intra-organisational Drivers of Party Strategic Change Case Selection and Data Operationalisation of Variables Dependent Variable Independent Variables Control Variables Political Parties Competing at National Elections: An Overview Description of Parties that Narrow Their Representative Profile Method Choice Conclusion Appendix References The Origins of Party System Polarisation: How Parties and Voters Shape the Ideological Spread in Party Systems Abstract Introduction The Concept of Party System Polarisation Previous Studies on Party System Polarisation Explaining Party System Polarisation Hypotheses Data and Measurement Empirical Analysis The Effect of Party Competition The Effect of Voters The Final Model of Party System Polarisation Conclusion References The Limits of Cartelization: Can Parties Cope with Vulnerability? Abstract Introduction Cartel Party Thesis and Party Change Does Cartelization Work? Elite Ascendancy: Changes Insides the Parties Cartelization of Privileges Depoliticization: The Limiting of Policy Spaces Conclusions References What ‘Moves’ Party Systems in Times of Crisis? Abstract Introduction On the Relationship Between Economic Conditions, Public Opinion and Party Competition on European Integration During the Euro Crisis Direct Effects of the Euro Crisis Indirect Effects of the Euro Crisis Data and Methods Results Conclusion References From Brussels to the Capital: New Parties’ Paths into National Parliaments Abstract The European Parliament as an Arena for (New) Parties New Parties’ Entry into Parliament Method Analysis The Paths to the Capital Appendix I Appendix II References More or Less Vulnerable? Abstract Introduction The Electoral Vulnerability of Party Families to the Populist Challenge Variation in Vulnerability of Party Families to the Populist Challenge Methodology Results Conclusion and Discussion References Democracy Reform as a Populist Policy Supply Abstract Introduction Elements of a Populist Democracy Reform Agenda Case Selection and Data Sources Results Pathways for Further Research Appendix References Populist Politicians: Populism, Democratic Dissatisfaction and the Perception of Representation. The Case of Greece Abstract Introduction A Conceptual Outline Political Attitudes Populist Attitudes of Political Elites Populist Attitudes and Role Perceptions of Greek Candidates Data and Method Results of Factor Analyses Empirical Findings Conclusion and Outline for Further Research Appendix References No Need for Wider Selectorates? Party Members’ Preferences for Reforming the Nomination of District and List Candidates for the German Bundestag Abstract Reforming Candidate Selection: Towards an Actor-Centred Perspective The Electoral System and Patterns of Candidate Selection to Bundestag Elections Data and Hypotheses Who Prefers Which Candidate Selection Procedure? Sola Dosis Facit Venenum: Candidate Selection and Organisational Experiments References Oppositional Strategies Between Cooperation and Conflict: An Analysis of Opposition Party Voting in the German Bundestag, 1949–2013 Abstract Introduction Previous Research on Opposition Behaviour Opposition Behaviour in Comparative Perspective Opposition Behaviour in Germany Theory: Why Do Opposition Parties Show Cooperative Behaviour in Parliamentary Votes? Data and Methods Results Descriptive Results and Validation of the Roll-Call Based Indicator Testing the Hypotheses on the Determinants of Opposition Behaviour Discussion and Conclusions Appendix References Friends and Foes: How Coalition Formats Shape Voters’ Perceptions of the Party System Abstract Introduction How Coalitions Inform Citizens’ Perceptions of the Party System Data, Operationalisation and Analysis Results Conclusion References This special issue of the German Political Science Quarterly addresses the transformation and the sustainability of European party democracies, both at the level of party organization as well as party systems and competition. The contributions in this volume are dedicated to these areas of change of European party democracies from different perspectives. It shows which new dynamics of change can be stated and how they can be explained. Contents Jun, Uwe • Bukow, Sebastian • Bolleyer, Nicole • Correa Vila, Patricia • Schmitt, Johannes • Franzmann, Simon • Detterbeck, Klaus • Gross, Martin • Schäfer, Constantin • Blombäck, Sofie • Krouwel, André • Bale, Tim • Tremlett, Lucas • Best, Volker • Lewandowsky, Marcel • Schindler, Danny • Höhne, Benjamin • Hohendorf, Lukas • Saalfeld, Thomas • Sieberer, Ulrich • Reinermann, Holger • Faas, Thorsten Target Groups Researchers and students in the fields of Political and Social Sciences Editors Dr. Sebastian Bukow is Head of Politics and Party Research Division, Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung, Berlin. Dr. Uwe Jun is Professor of Political Science (Political System of the Federal Republic of Germany) at the University of Trier