Contested Spaces: Houses and Temples in Roman Antiquity and the New Testament (Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen Zum Neuen Testament)

How are archaeology and art related to understanding New Testament texts, for example, narratives of the Lord's Supper and other meals? An international group of archaeologists, art historians, and New Testament scholars investigate the function of spaces in Roman houses and temples in Pompeii, Herculaneum, Corinth, Rome, Ostia, Ephesus, and Judaea. Another concern is more fully to understand the relationship between different architectural forms, Roman domus, villae, and insulae, in relation to Paul's letters and the gospels, in order to enable informed interpretation of leadership, meal customs, social relationships, and ethics in those contested spaces. Cover Preface Table of Contents A. Interpretive Issues John R. Clarke: Representations of Worship at Rome, Pompeii, Heraculaneum, and Ostia in the Imperial Period. A Model of Production and Consumption 1. Who paid for it? 2. How Does the Visual Representation Address the Viewer? 3. What Does the Viewer Know about the Representation? Captions to figures Irene Bragantini: The Cult of Isis and Ancient Egyptomania in Campania Captions to figures Fabrizio Pesando: The Properties and Social Role of Pompeiian Feminae Nobiles in Italy During the Early Imperial Age The Public Sphere Paestum, Basilica of Mineia (fig. 1) Paestum, Temple of Venus Iovia (fig. 3) Veleia, calchidicum of Baebia Bassilla (fig. 5) Ostia, crypta and calchidicum of Terentia (fig. 6) Pompeii. Chalcidicum, crypta and porticus of Eumachia and Numistrius Fronto and Temple VII 9,2 (of the Genius of Augustus) of Mamia (fig. 7) Domestic Life Conclusions Captions to figures Annette Weissenrieder: Contested Spaces in 1 Corinthians 11:17–33 and 14:30: Sitting or Reclining in Ancient Houses, in Associations and in the Space of ekklesia 1. Introduction 1. Cor 11:17–34 and 14:30 and the representation of space through sittingand reclining 2. Implications of seated and reclining meals in antiquity 2.1 Visual Examples Realistic Scenes: The Tavern Frieze Sitting and Reclining: The Amiternum 2.2 Literary Sources 3. Space for the Lord’s Supper andthe Meeting of the Assembly 3.1 Space for the Lord’s Supper: The House 3.2 Spaces for the Lord’s Supper: Associations 4. Meeting space for the ekklesía 4.1 Space for the Lord’s Supper: the gathering room of the ekklesía 4.2 Space of the ekklesía and the meaning of kathemenai 4.3 Space of the ekklesía in Corinth 4.4 The meaning of ekklesía in non-Christian sources and 1 Corinthians Captions to figures Laura Salah Nasrallah: Grief in Corinth: The Roman City and Paul’s Corinthian Correspondence 1. Grief in the Corinthia 2. The Corinthians 3. The City of Corinth: A Topography of Grief 4. Medea, Demeter, and the Vulnerability of Women and Children 5. Grief in 1 Corinthians 6. Conclusions Captions of figures Eleanor Winsor Leach: Rhetorical Inventio and the Expectations of Roman Continuous Narrative Painting Captions for figures B. Contested Domestic Spaces I. Domus Ivan Varriale: Architecture and Decoration in the House of Menander in Pompeii 1. Introduction 2. The owner 3. General description 4. Architecture and decoration 5. The atrium complex 6. The peristyle complex 7. The bath 8. Conclusions Captions to figures Mario Grimaldi: Charting the urban development of the Insula Occidentalis and the Casa di Marcus Fabius Rufus at Pompeii 1. Introduction 2. Fortifications and Colonial Domus 3. The Casa di Marcus Fabius Rufus: Structural changes, decorative embellishments, and ownership 4. Owners and decorative themes 5. Mosaics 6. Painting 7. The west portico and the excavation in the garden 8. Basins 9. Conclusions Captions for figures David L. Balch: The Church Sitting in a Garden (1 Cor 14:30; Rom 16:23; Mark 6:39–40; 8:6; John 6:3, 10; Acts 1:15; 2:1–2) 1. Current State of Research and a Proposed Supplementary Methodology 2. Supplementary Methodology 3. Sitting in Domestic Spaces 3.1 Sitting in Inns and Taverns in Pompeii 3.2 Sitting in Gardens in the Open 3.2.1 Sitting in Peristyle Gardens 3.2.2. The Growing Social and Political Importance of Peristyle Gardens 4. Visual Representations of Persons Sitting 5. Furniture for Sitting As Visually Represented in Pompeian Frescoes 6. Numbers of Non-Elite Diners Sitting in Open Gardens/Taverns 7. Summary and Conclusions 7.1 Summary 7.2 Conclusions Captions to figures Hilke Thür: Art and Architecture in Terrace House 2 in Ephesos. An example of domestic architecture in the Roman Imperial Period 1. The significance of Terrace House 2 for Roman housing 2. History of excavation and scientific work 3. General description of Terrace House 2 4. The house owners 5. House 6 of C. Flavius Furius Aptus 6. Summary, results and new questions Captions to figures II. Villae Umberto Pappalardo: How the Romans saw the frieze in the Villa of the Mysteries at Pompeii 1. Introduction Captions to figures Rosaria Ciardiello: Beryllos, the Jews and the Villa of Poppaea in Oplontis (Torre Annunziata) 1. Introduction 2. Beryllos and the Jews 3. Some observations on excavations and decorations Captions to figures Monika Bernett: Space and Interaction: Narrative and Representation of Power under the Herodians 1. Concepts and State of Research 2. Historical Situation: Challenges and Herodian Responses to the Discourse on Political Power and Dominion in the Early Principate 3. The Narrative on Herodian Rule in Josephus 4. Special Features of Political Interaction and Representation in Herodian Palace Architecture Captions to figures III. Insulae Maria Paola Guidobaldi: The House of the Telephus Relief in Herculaneum: the building history of an aristocratic domus Captions to figures Janet DeLaine: Housing Roman Ostia 1. Housing the wealthier classes 2. The ‘medianum’ apartments 3. Where did the rest of the population live? 4. Housing the late antique population 5. Conclusions Captions to figures C. Contested Sacred Spaces: Temples, the Imperial Cult, and Mithraea Tina Najbjerg: Exploring the economic, political, and social significance of the great Porticus in Herculaneum Captions to figures Annette Weissenrieder: “Do you not know that you are God’s temple?” Towards a new perspective on Paul’s temple image in 1 Corinthians 3:16 1. Temple and human being according to Vitruvius 2. The Visibility of the Temple in Corinth and the Imperial Power of Rome as Personalization of the Temple 3. The architectonic dimension in 1 Cor 3:5–17 4. Consequences for the understanding of 1 Corinthians 3:5–17 Captions to figures David L. Balch: Cult Statues of Augustus’ Temple of Apollo on the Palatine in Rome, Artemis’/Diana’s Birthday in Ephesus, and Revelation 12:1–5a 1. Brief Summary of Previous Research: Isis/Io in the Temple of Isis, the Market, and Houses of Pompeii, and in the so-called Casa di Livia in Rome 2. Cult Statues in Augustus’ Temple of Apollo on the Palatine: Leto/Latona, mother of twins, Apollo and Artemis/Diana 3. The Ritual Birthday of Artemis/Diana in Ephesus Conclusions Captions to figures L. Michael White: The Changing Face of Mithraism at Ostia. Archaeology, Art, and the Urban Landscape 1. Introduction 2. Chronology and Development of Mithraea (see fig. 1) 2.1 Mitreo degli Animale (IV.2.11; Cat. no. 4, figs. 2–5) 2.2 Mitreo del Caseggiato di Diana (I.3.3–4; Cat. no. 13; figs. 6–8) 2.3 Mitreo del Palazzo Imperiale (Reg. I; Cat. no. 7; figs. 9–10) 3. The Development and Spread of Mithraism at Ostia 4. Spatial Considerations in Ostian mithraea 4.1 How many people attended these mithraic gatherings? 4.2 Space and Access in the Ostian Mithraea 5. Art, Space, and Vision 6. Appendix Synopsis of Building Histories of Selected Ostian Mithraea Cat. No. 1: Mitreo delle Pareti Dipinti (III.1.6; figs. 11 & 12) Cat. No. 8: Mitreo delle Planta Pedis (Reg. III.17.2; fig. 15) Inscriptions and Date Captions to figures Ulrike Muss: The Artemision at Ephesos: Paul, John and Mary 1. History of the Site 2. Discovery and Excavations 3. Temples and Altars 4. The Artemision and Hellenistic cult 4.1 The ‘World Wonder’ and its altar 4.2. New buildings and imperial cults in the temenos of Artemis 5. Paganism and Early Christianity: Paul 6. The Artemision and John 6.1 The Cult of Artemis Ephesia in early Christian times 7. The church in the Artemision and Mary Captions to figures List of Contributors Index of Ancient Sources First Testament Second Testament Apocryphal Literature Pseudepigraphic Literature Greco-Roman Literature Inscriptions Papyrological Literature Early Christian Literature Index of Modern Authors Index of Architectural Structures and their Decorations 1. Cities and their buildings 1.1 Corinth 1.2 Ephesus 1.3 Herculaneum 1.4 Judea, nearby cities, improvements outside the kingdom 1.5 Oplontis (Torre Annunziata) 1.6 Ostia 1.7 Pompeii 1.8 Rome 2. Decorations related to Architecture 2.1 Coins 2.2 Frescoes 2.3 Furniture/household items/structures 2.4 Mosaics 2.5 Reliefs 2.6 Statues/figurines/cameo 2.7 Stucco Pictures Table of Contents Authors Representations Of Worship At Rome, Pompeii, Heraculaneum, And Ostia In The Imperial Period : A Model Of Production And Consumption / John R. Clarke -- The Cult Of Isis And Ancient Egyptomania In Campania / Irene Bragantini -- The Properties And Social Role Of Pompeiian Feminae Nobiles In Italy During The Early Imperial Age / Fabrizio Pesando -- Contested Spaces In 1 Corinthians 11:17-33 And 14:30 : Sitting Or Reclining In Ancient Houses, In Associations And In The Space Of Ekklēsia / Annette Weissenrieder -- Grief In Corinth : The Roman City And Paul's Corinthian Correspondence / Laura Salah Nasrallah -- Rhetorical Inventio And The Expectations Of Roman Continuous Narrative Painting / Eleanor Winsor Leach -- Architecture And Decoration In The House Of Menander In Pompeii / Ivan Varriale -- Charting The Urban Development Of The Insula Occidentalis And The Casa Di Marcus Fabius Rufus At Pompeii / Mario Grimaldi -- The Church Sitting In A Garden (1 Cor 14:30; Rom 16:23; Mark 6:39-40; 8:6; John 6:3, 10; Acts 1:15; 2:1-2) / David L. Balch -- Art And Architecture In Terrace House 2 In Ephesos : An Example Of Domestic Architecture In The Roman Imperial Period / Hilke Thür -- How The Romans Saw The Frieze In The Villa Of The Mysteries At Pompeii / Umberto Pappalardo -- Beryllos, The Jews And The Villa Of Poppaea In Oplontis (torre Annunziata) / Rosaria Ciardiello -- Space And Interaction : Narrative And Representation Of Power Under The Herodians / Monika Bernett -- The House Of The Telephus Relief In Herculaneum : The Building History Of An Aristocratic Domus / Maria Paola Guidobaldi -- Housing Roman Ostia / Janet Delaine -- Exploring The Economic, Political, And Social Significance Of The Great Porticus In Herculaneum / Tina Najbjerg -- Do You Not Know That You Are God's Temple? Towards A New Perspective On Paul's Temple Image In 1 Corinthians 3:16 / Annette Weissenrieder -- Cult Statues Of Augustus' Temple Of Apollo On The Palatine In Rome, Artemis'/diana's Birthday In Ephesus, And Revelation 12:1-5a / David L. Balch -- The Changing Face Of Mithraism At Ostia : Archaeology, Art, And The Urban Landscape / L. Michael White -- The Artemision At Ephesos : Paul, John And Mary / Ulrike Muss. Edited By David L. Balch And Annette Weissenrieder. This Volume Has Its Origin In A Conference Celebrating The Centenary Of The Pontifical Biblical Institute At The Ponitfical Gregorian University, Which Was Held In Rome In July, 2009.... The Editors Have Requested Some Additional Essays By Scholars Who Could Not Attend The Conference--p. Vii. Accompanying Cd-rom Contains Illustrations (some Color, Maps, Plans). Includes Bibliographical References And Indexes. System Requirements For Accompanying Cd-rom: Adobe Acrobat Reader Contains: Representations of worship at Rome, Pompeii, Heraculaneum, and Ostia in the imperial period : a model of production and consumption / John R. Clarke The cult of Isis and ancient Egyptomania in Campania / Irene Bragantini The properties and social role of Pompeiian feminae nobiles in Italy during the early imperial age / Fabrizio Pesando Contested spaces in 1 Corinthians 11:17-33 and 14:30 : sitting or reclining in ancient houses, in associations and in the space of ekklēsia / Annette Weissenrieder Grief in Corinth : the Roman city and Paul's Corinthian correspondence / Laura Salah Nasrallah Rhetorical inventio and the expectations of Roman continuous narrative painting / Eleanor Winsor Leach Architecture and decoration in the House of Menander in Pompeii / Ivan Varriale Charting the urban development of the Insula Occidentalis and the Casa di Marcus Fabius Rufus at Pompeii / Mario Grimaldi The church sitting in a garden (1 Cor 14:30; Rom 16:23; Mark 6:39-40; 8:6; John 6:3, 10; Acts 1:15; 2:1-2) / David L. Balch Art and architecture in Terrace House 2 in Ephesos : an example of domestic architecture in the Roman imperial period / Hilke Thür How the Romans saw the frieze in the Villa of the Mysteries at Pompeii / Umberto Pappalardo Beryllos, the Jews and the Villa of Poppaea in Oplontis (Torre Annunziata) / Rosaria Ciardiello Space and interaction : narrative and representation of power under the Herodians / Monika Bernett The House of the Telephus relief in Herculaneum : the building history of an aristocratic domus / Maria Paola Guidobaldi Housing Roman Ostia / Janet DeLaine Exploring the economic, political, and social significance of the great Porticus in Herculaneum / Tina Najbjerg "Do you not know that you are God's temple?" Towards a new perspective on Paul's temple image in 1 Corinthians 3:16 / Annette Weissenrieder Cult statues of Augustus' Temple of Apollo on the Palatine in Rome, Artemis'/Diana's birthday in Ephesus, and Revelation 12:1-5a / David L. Balch The changing face of Mithraism at Ostia : archaeology, art, and the urban landscape / L. Michael White The Artemision at Ephesos : Paul, John and Mary / Ulrike Muss. HauptbeschreibungHow are archaeology and art related to understanding New Testament texts, for example, narratives of the Lord's Supper and other meals? An international group of archaeologists, art historians, and New Testament scholars investigate the function of spaces in Roman houses and temples in Pompeii, Herculaneum, Corinth, Rome, Ostia, Ephesus, and Judaea. Another concern is more fully to understand the relationship between different architectural forms, Roman domus, villae, and insulae, in relation to Paul's letters and the gospels, in order to enable informed interpretation of lead "An international group of archaeologists, art historians, and New Testament scholars investigate the function of spaces in Roman houses and temples in Pompeii, Herculaneum, Corinth, Rome, Ostia, Ephesus, and Judea. Their concern is more fully to understand the relationship between different architectural forms, Roman domus, villae, and insulae, in relation to Paul's letters and the gospels."--Jacket.