Contemporary Perspectives in Human Resource Management and Organizational Behavior : Research Overviews and Gaps to Advance Interrelated Fields

This book aims to address one of the key challenges facing Human Resource Management (HRM) and Organizational Behavior (OB) researchers. It delves into contemporary topics from which focused research models, ideas, and questions can be developed and tested. HRM and OB are closely related and intersect each other in the examination of practices, which are aimed at managing employees and explaining their behaviors. Proposing to provide researchers with easy access to a slew of contemporary research advancements within the field, this work explores ten contemporary research areas within HRM and OB. Topics include innovative HRM/OB responses in crises, alternative work arrangements for the contemporary workplace, employee mental health, from diversity to inclusion in the workplace, workplace harassment, HRM in small and medium enterprises, alternative perspectives in employee turnover, organizational citizenship and counter-productive work behaviors, leading for work engagement, and employee motivation in a changing environment. Providing researchers with a comprehensive overview of research advances within selected contemporary areas, this book seeks to spur critical thinking, spark alternative research perspectives, innovate extensions to existing theories, and provide the foundation from which focused research can grow and develop within these management fields. Preface 6 Contents 9 List of Figures 11 1 Introduction to Contemporary Research Perspectives in Human Resource Management and Organizational Behavior 12 Chapter Objectives 12 Research Overview 12 The Fields of Human Resource Management (HRM) and Organizational Behavior (OB): Strategic Alignment to Organizational Strategy, Goals & Objectives 13 Relevance of Research in the Field: Addressing Research-Practice Gaps 15 Contemporary Research Perspectives in Human Resource Management and Organizational Behavior 18 Organization of the Book: A Roadmap for Readers 20 Conclusion 23 References 24 2 Innovative Human Resource Management and Organizational Behavior Responses in Crises 26 Chapter Objectives 26 Research Overview 26 Crises Within the Contemporary Business Environment 27 The COVID-19 Crisis and the Impact on Employees and Organizations 29 Organizational Crises Emanating from Environmental Dimensions 30 Innovative HRM and OB Responses to Crises Within the Contemporary Business Environment 33 Resilience 33 Training and Development 35 Creative HR Practices (Hiring/Promotion/Rewards Practices) 36 Downsizing Versus Rightsizing/Reorganizing 37 Transformational Leadership 38 Adjustments in the Nature/Type of Work 39 Research Gaps 39 Conclusion 42 References 43 3 Alternative Work Arrangements for the Contemporary Workplace 48 Chapter Objectives 48 Research Overview 48 The Contemporary Workplace 49 Implications of the ‘Contemporary Workplace’ for Alternative Work Arrangements 50 Role of Human Resource Management in Driving Effectiveness of Alternative Work Arrangements 51 Alternative Work Arrangements: Options or the New Ways to Work? 52 Remote Work/Telecommuting 52 Flexi-Time 54 Compressed Work Schedule 55 Work Sharing and Job Sharing 56 Non-Regular Workers 56 Responses and Resistance to Alternative Work Arrangement: Push and Pull Factors 57 COVID-19 and Alternative Work Arrangements 58 Research Gaps 59 Conclusion 60 References 61 4 Employee Mental Health 66 Chapter Objectives 66 Research Overview 66 Employee Mental Health 67 Employee Mental Health: From Taboo to Undeniable Reality? 68 COVID-19 and Employee Mental Health: A Turning Point? 70 Implications of Mental Health for Employees and Organizations 71 Causes/Triggers of Poor Employee Mental Health 72 Strategies for Managing Employee Mental Health 74 Research Gaps 76 Chapter Conclusion 80 References 82 5 From Diversity to Inclusion in the Workplace 90 Chapter Objectives 90 Research Overview 90 Workforce Diversity and Inclusion 91 From Equality to Equity in the Workplace 93 Dimensions of Diversity 96 Age Diversity and Generational Differences 97 Gender Equity 97 Sexual Orientation 99 Cultural Diversity 100 The Issue of Discrimination 101 Promoting Equity and Inclusion in the Workplace 101 Research Gaps 103 Conclusion 105 References 105 6 Workplace Harassment 110 Chapter Objectives 110 Research Overview 110 The Many Faces of Workplace Harassment 111 Workplace Harassment and Different Employee Groups 114 Outcomes of Workplace Harassment 116 Antecedents of Workplace Harassment 118 Workplace Harassment, Equity, and Belongingness in the Workplace 120 Research Gaps 123 Conclusion 125 References 125 7 Human Resource Management in Small and Medium Enterprises 132 Chapter Objectives 132 Research Overview 132 Defining Small and Medium Enterprises 133 Role of Small and Medium Enterprises in Developing Global Economies 134 The Role of Human Resource Management in Small and Medium Enterprises 135 Research Gaps 139 Conclusion 144 References 144 8 Alternative Perspectives in Employee Turnover 148 Chapter Objectives 148 Research Overview 148 Employee Turnover 149 Overview and Evolution of Employee Turnover Models 149 Alternative Research Perspectives on Employee Turnover 151 The Negative Side of Job Embeddedness 151 Collective Turnover 153 Turnover and Different Types of Employees/Subpopulations 155 The Contemporary Management of Employee Turnover 156 Research Gaps 159 Conclusion 161 References 161 9 Organizational Citizenship and Counter-Productive Work Behaviors 166 Chapter Objectives 166 Research Overview 166 Organizational Behaviors: Organizational Citizenship Behaviors (OCB) and Counter-Productive Work Behaviors (CPWB) 167 Evolution of Classical Perspectives 168 Alternative Research Perspectives on Organizational Citizenship and Counter-Productive Work Behaviors 169 Discretionary Versus Elicited OCBs: The Impact on CPWBs 170 ‘Dark’ Consequences of OCB 172 CPWBs as Constructive Deviations 173 The Contemporary Management of OCB and CPWB 174 Research Gaps 175 Conclusion 178 References 179 10 Leading for Work Engagement 183 Chapter Objectives 183 Research Overview 183 Evolution of Research Toward Leading for Employee Engagement 184 Rationale for the ‘Mesh’ Between Leadership Research and Work Engagement 186 Contemporary Perspectives: Positive Leadership Approaches Based on Work Engagement 188 Transformational Leadership 188 Charismatic Leadership 190 Authentic Leadership 190 Ethical Leadership 191 Servant Leadership 192 New Insights into Leadership Through Work Engagement 193 Research Gaps 194 Conclusion 196 References 196 11 Employee Motivation in a Changing Environment 201 Chapter Objectives 201 Research Overview 201 Evolution of Motivation Research 202 Motivation and Performance 205 Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation: Antecedents and Outcomes 206 Public Sector Motivation 207 Rationale for Shift in Motivation Research 207 Organizational Development and Change 208 Contemporary Perspectives: Why Is Motivation Still so Complex? 209 New Insights: The Changing Context of Motivation 211 Research Gaps 212 Conclusion 214 References 214 12 Conclusions and Future Research Directions in Human Resource Management and Organizational Behavior 219 Chapter Objectives 219 Summary of Contemporary Research Perspectives 219 Summary of Research Gaps 221 Definition and Conceptualization of Constructs 222 Theory Development 223 Asymmetric Relationships 224 Antecedents and Outcomes 225 Methodology and Research Design 226 Future Research and Funding Agenda for Scholars 226 Conclusion 230 Index 231