Constitutional Origins, Structure, and Change in Federal Countries (Global Dialogue on Federalism Booklet Series) (Volume 1)

Providing examples of diverse forms of federalism, including new and mature, developed and developing, parliamentary and presidential, and common-law and civil law, the comparative studies in this volume analyse government in Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Germany, India, Mexico, Nigeria, Russia, South Africa, Switzerland, and the United States. Each chapter describes the provisions of a constitution, explains the political, social, and historical factors that influenced its creation, and explores its practical application, how it has changed, and future challenges, offering valuable ideas and lessons for federal constitution-making and reform. The contributors include: Ignatius Ayua Akaayar (Nigeria), Raoul Blindenbacher (Switzerland), Dakas C.J. Dakas (Nigeria), Kris Deschouwer (Belgium), Juan Marcos Gutierrez Gonzalez (Mexico), John Kincaid (USA), Rainer Knopff (Canada), Jutta Kramer (Germany), Akhtar Majeed (India), Marat S. Salikov (Russia), Cheryl Saunders (Australia), Anthony M. Sayers (Canada), Nicolas Schmitt (Switzerland), Celina Sousa (Brazil), Nico Steytler (South Africa), and G. Alan Tarr (USA). The French edition is Forthcoming in the Fall 2005 as Les origines, structure, et changements constitutionnels dans les pays federaux. A Global Dialogue On Federalism, Conceptual Framework / Raoul Blindenbacher And Cheryl Saunders -- Constitutional Origins, Structure And Change / G. Alan Tarr -- Commonwealth Of Australia / Cheryl Saunders -- Kingdom Of Belgium / Kris Deschouwer -- Federal Republic Of Brazil / Celina Souza -- Canada / Rainer Knopff And Anthony Sayers -- Federal Republic Of Germany / Jutta Kramer -- Republic Of India / Akhtar Majeed -- United Mexican States / Juan Marcos Gutiérrez González -- Federal Republic Of Nigeria / Ignatius Akaayar Auya And Dakas C.j. Dakas -- Russian Federation / Marat Salikov -- Republic Of South Africa / Nico Steytler -- Swiss Confederation / Nicolas Schmitt -- United States Of America / G. Alan Tarr -- Comparative Observations / John Kincaid. Edited By John Kincaid And G. Alan Tarr ; Senior Editor John Kincaid. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. Preface vii A Global Dialogue on Federalism: Conceptual Framework 3 RAOUL BLINDENBACHER/CHERYL SAUNDERS Introduction Constitutional Origins, Structure, and Change 8 G. ALAN TARR Commonwealth of Australia CHERYL SAUNDERS 12 Kingdom of Belgium KRIS DESCHOUWER 48 Federal Republic of Brazil CELIN A SOUZA 76 Canada RAINER KNOPFF/ANTHONY SAYERS 103 Federal Republic of Germany JUTTA KRAMER 143 Republic of India AKHTAR MAJEED 180 United Mexican States JUAN MARCOS GUTIERREZ GONZALEZ 208 Federal Republic of Nigeria IGNATIUS AKAAYAR AYUA/DAKAS C.J. DAKAS 239 Russian Federation MARAT SALIKOV 276 Republic of South Africa NICO STEYTLER 311 Swiss Confederation NICOLAS SCHMITT 347 United States of America G. ALAN TARR 381 Comparative Observations JOHN KINCAID 409 Contributors 449 Participants of the Global Dialogue on Federalism 453 Index 457 Annotation Providing examples of diverse forms of federalism, including new and mature, developed and developing, parliamentary and presidential, and common-law and civil law, the comparative studies in this volume analyse government in Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Germany, India, Mexico, Nigeria, Russia, South Africa, Switzerland, and the United States. Each chapter describes the provisions of a constitution, explains the political, social, and historical factors that influenced its creation, and explores its practical application, how it has changed, and future challenges, offering valuable ideas and lessons for federal constitution-making and reform Contributors include Ignatius Ayua Akaayar (Nigeria), Raoul Blindenbacher (Switzerland), Dakas C.J. Dakas (Nigeria), Kris Deschouwer (Belgium), Juan Marcos Gutiérrez González (Mexico), John Kincaid (USA), Rainer Knopff (Canada), Jutta Kramer (Germany), Akhtar Majeed (India), Marat S. Salikov (Russia), Cheryl Saunders (Australia), Anthony M. Sayers (Canada), Nicolas Schmitt (Switzerland), Celina Sousa (Brazil), Nico Steytler (South Africa), and G. Alan Tarr (USA).