Companion to the History of Modern Science (Routledge Companion Encyclopaedias)

The 67 chapters of this book describe and analyse the development of Western science from 1500 to the present day. Divided into two major sections - 'The Study of the History of Science' and 'Selected Writings in the History of Science' - the volume describes the methods and problems of research in the field and then applies these techniques to a wide range of fields. Areas covered include: * the Copernican Revolution * Genetics * Science and Imperialism * the History of Anthropology * Science and Religion * Magic and Science. The companion is an indispensable resource for students and professionals in History, Philosophy, Sociology and the Sciences as well as the History of Science. It will also appeal to the general reader interested in an introduction to the subject. Front Cover 1 Companion to the History of Modern Science 3 Copyright Page 4 Contents 5 Preface 10 Introduction: The Editors 12 Part I: The Study of the History of Science 26 Section IA: History of science in relation to neighbouring disciplines 27 1. The development of the historiography of science: J. R. R. Christie 28 2. The history of science and the working scientist: John R. G. Turner 46 3. The history of science and the history of society: Roy Porter 55 4. The history of science and the philosophy of science: Larry Laudan 70 5. Sociological theories of scientific knowledge: Barry Barnes 83 Section IB: Analytical perspectives 97 6. Marxism and the history of science: Robert M. Young 98 7. The sociology of the scientific community: Trevor Pinch 108 8. Feminism and the history of science: J. R. R. Christie 121 9. Language, discourse and science: J. V. Golinski 131 Section IC: Philosophical problems 145 10. Continental philosophy and the history of science: Gary Gutting 146 11. Discovery: T. Nickles 167 12. Rationality, science and history: Larry Briskman 185 13. Realism: W. H. Newton-Smith 200 Part II: Selected Writings in the History of Science 215 Section IIA: Turning points 216 14. The Copernican revolution: J. R. Ravetz 217 15. The Scientific Revolution: John A. Schuster 233 16. Newton and natural philosophy: Alan Gabbey 259 17. The chemical revolution: Carleton E. Perrin 280 18. Laplacian physics: Robert Fox 294 19. Natural history, 1670–1802: Phillip R. Sloan 311 20. The history of geology, 1780–1840: Rachel Laudan 330 21. Energy: Crosbie Smith 342 22. Electromagnetic theory in the nineteenth century: M. Norton Wise 358 23. Cell theory and development: Jane Maienschein 373 24. Origins and species before and after Darwin: M. J. S. Hodge 390 25. William Wundt and the emergence of experimental psychology: K. Danziger 412 26. Behaviourism: Roger Smith 426 27. Freud and psychoanalysis: Raymond E. Fancher 441 28. The theory of relativity: John Stachel 458 29. Quantum theory: Michael Redhead 474 30. Classical economics and the Keynesian revolution: Bill Gerrard 495 31. From physiology to biochemistry: Neil Morgan 510 32. The molecular revolution in biology: Robert Olby 519 33. The emergence of genetics: Robert Olby 537 34. Cybernetics and information technology: Michael S. Mahoney 553 Section lIB: Topics and interpretations 570 35. Aristotelian science: A. George Molland 571 36. The heart and blood from Vesalius to Harvey: Andrew Wear 582 37. Magic and science in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries: John Henry 597 38. Atomism and the mechanical philosophy: Martin Tamny 611 39. Newtonianism: Simon Schaffer 624 40. Physical optics: G. N. Cantor 641 41. Cosmology: Newton to Einstein: Pierre Kerszberg 653 42. Geometry and space: J. J. Gray 665 43. Particle science: Helge Kragh 675 44. The foundations of mathematics: Philip Kitcher 691 45. Probability and determinism, 1650–1900: Ian Hacking 704 46. The mind-body problem: Robert M. Young 716 47. Paradigmatic traditions in the history of anthropology: George W. Stocking 726 48. Physiology and experimental medicine: John V. Pickstone 742 49. Geography: David N. Livingstone 757 Section lIC: Themes 775 50. Science and religion: John Hedley Brooke 776 51. Science and literature: Gillian Beer 796 52. Science and philosophy: George Macdonald Ross 812 53. The development of philosophy of science, 1600–1900: Ernan McMullin 829 54. The development of philosophy of science since 1900: M. J. S. Hodge and G. N. Cantor 851 55. The classification of the sciences: Nicholas Fisher 866 56. Marginal science: Seymour H. Mauskopf 882 57. Science, alienation and oppression: Robert M. Young 899 58. Orthodoxies, critiques and alternatives: J. R. Ravetz 911 59. Nationalism and internationalism: Brigitte Schroeder-Gudehus 922 60. Science and imperialism: Lewis Pyenson 933 61. Science and war: D. E. M. Edgerton 947 62. Science education: W. H. Brock 959 63. The organisation of science and its pursuit in early modem Europe: Roger L. Emerson 973 64. Professionalisation: J. B. Morrell 993 65. Science and the public: Steven Shapin 1003 66. Science and political ideology, 1790–1848: Dorinda Outram 1021 67. Natural science and social theory Theodore: M. Porter 1037 The Contributors 1057 Index of names 1060 Index of subjects 1073 A Descriptive And Analytical Guide To The Development Of Western Science From Ad 1500, And To The Diversity And Course Of That Development First In Europe And Later Across The World.--publisher. Pt.1. The Study Of History Of Science. History Of Science In Relation To Neighbouring Disciplines. Analytical Perspectives. Philosophical Problems -- Pt.2. Selected Writings In The History Of Science. Turning Points. Topics And Interpretations. Themes. Edited By R.c. Olby ... [et Al.]. Includes Bibliographical References And Indexes. Historiography is the study of the writing of history, and the study of the historiography of science therefore takes as its subject the variety of ways in which science's past has been written about. A descriptive analysis of the development of Western science from AD 1500, and to the diversity and course of that development, first in Europe and later across the world. A descriptive analysis of the development of Western science from AD 1500, and of the diversity and course of that development, first in Europe and later across the world.