Communications: Wireless in Developing Countries and Networks of the Future: 3rd IFIP TC 6 International Conference, WCITD 2010 and IFIP TC 6 ... in Information and Communication Technology)

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third IFIP TC 6 International Conference on Wireless Communications and Information Technology for Developing Countries, WCITD 2010 and the IFIP TC 6 International Network of the Future Conference, NF 2010, held as part of the 21st World Computer Congress, WCC 2010, in Brisbane, Australia, in September 2010. The 7 revised full papers presented at WCITD were carefully reviewed and selected from 17 submissions. They cover various topics in wireless and mobile communication, wireless and mobile networks and information technologies and systems and focus on innovative technical research. The 15 revised full papers presented at NF were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. They deal with important paradigms for the post-IP generation: new architectures, knowledge and piloting planes, network virtualization, green technologies, sensor networks, mobile and wireless networks, and strong security. IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology 327 1 Communications: Wireless in Developing Countries and Networks of the Future: Third IFIPTC6 International Conference, WCITD2010and IFIP TC 6 International Conference, NF 2010 / Held as Part of WCC 2010 / Brisbane, Australia, September 20-23, 2010 / Proceedings 3 IFIP World Computer Congress 2010 (WCC 2010) 5 Preface (Communications: Wireless in Developing Countries and Networks of the Future) 6 WCITD 2010 7 NF 2010 8 Table of Contents 10 Preface 12 Semantic Clustering in Wireless Sensor Networks 13 Introduction 13 Related Works 14 Methodology 14 Semantic Neighborhood Process 16 Semantic Clustering 17 Case Study: Structural Damage Detection, Location and Extent Estimation 18 Sensor-SHM 18 Semantic Clustering in SHM 20 Conclusion 23 References 23 C$^3$TO: A Scalable Architecture for Mobile Tutoring over Cell Phones 25 Introduction 25 What Is Scalability? 26 C$^3$TO and Scalability 27 Scalability Concerns in the Original “Dr Math” 27 Re-development of “Dr Math” 28 Typology for Scalability Decisions 29 Technical Scalability Choices 30 J2EE, Jboss and Mobicents 30 Multiple Connections 30 Web-Based Tutoring 31 Tactical Scalability Choices 32 Web Configurable 32 “Busy-Ness” Model 32 Strategic Scalability Decisions 33 Automated Responses 33 Games 33 Conclusion 34 References 35 Wireless Mesh Networks for Infrastructure Deficient Areas 36 Introduction 36 Economic Perspective 36 Cellular Unfitness 38 Wireless Mesh 40 Architecture 40 Business Model 41 Example Scenario 42 Capacity Simulation 43 Related Work 45 Summary and Future Work 46 References 47 Establishing Low Cost Aquatic Monitoring Networks for Developing Countries 49 Introduction 49 Issues Facing Developing Countries 50 Scalable Software Solutions for Abstracting Hardware and Communications Technologies 53 A Test Implementation 55 Pervasive, Low Cost and Intelligent Aquatic SNs 57 Conclusions 59 References 60 Infrastructure and Business Model for Universal Broadband Access in Developing Regions: The Ceara State Digital Belt 61 Introduction 61 Environment 62 Brazilian States Are Underserved 62 Brazilian Broadband among World's Worst 63 Costs Are High 63 The Digital Belt: An Infrastructure for Governance and Development 63 Technological Challenges 64 Partnership with Electricity Utility Company 67 The Business Model 68 Discussion and Conclusion 69 References 69 ICT Driven Knowledge Management in Developing Countries: A Case Study in a Chinese Organisation 70 Introduction 70 Background 71 The Importance of ICT for Developing Countries 71 ICT Applications in KM 72 Current ICT Adoption in China 72 Research Methodology 72 Field Results and Analysis 73 KM Gap within Lotus 74 Reasons Contributing to the Gap 74 Discussion 77 The Need to Improve Current KM Practice 77 The Use of ICT to Bridge the KM Gap 78 Conclusion 79 References 80 Technical ICTD - A User Centered Lifecycle 82 Introduction 82 Related Work 83 User Centered Technical ICTD Lifecycle 85 Overall Approach 85 Requirements Analysis 86 Design Methodology 87 Development Methodology 88 Deployment Methodology 89 Evaluation and Monitoring Methodology 90 Lessons Learned 91 Conclusion and Future Work 92 References 93 Preface 94 An Introduction to the Network of the Future 95 Introduction 95 The Architecture and Its Security 96 Virtualization Plane 98 The Knowledge and Piloting Environment 99 Results and Conclusion 102 References 102 Future Internet Is by Ethernet 103 Introduction 103 Principles Explained 105 Federated Trust-to-Trust 105 Bottom-Up 106 Addressing, Identification and Routing 108 Connection State on Boundaries 109 Network Isolation 109 Network Virtualization 110 OAM 110 Mobility 110 Scalability of the Approach 111 Migration 112 Objections and Counter Arguments 112 Research Directions 113 Summary 114 References 115 On the Way to a Theory for Network Architectures 116 Introduction 116 Network Architecture 117 Network Functionalities 119 Composition of Functionalities 120 Example of Protocol Design 123 Towards a Theory for Network Archite 125 Conclusions 126 References 126 Green Network Planning Model for Optical Backbones 128 Introduction 128 Preliminary Concepts 129 The Model 130 Deployment Emissions, ED 131 Transmission Emissions, ET 131 Maintenance Emissions, EM 132 Case Study 133 The Scenario and Cases 133 Assumptions 133 Analysis 134 Conclusion 138 References 138 Internet Sensor Grid: Experiences with Passive and Active Instruments 140 Introduction and Background 140 The Internet Sensor Grid 142 Review of Developments in Active and Passive Sensors 143 Network Telescope and Analysis Engine 146 Summary 150 References 151 Data-Driven MAC for Efficient Transmission of Spatially Correlated Data in WSNs 154 Introduction 154 Related Work 155 Data-Driven MAC 157 Environment Model 159 Modeling the Environment 159 Mapping of Sensor Data to the Urgency Levels 160 Performance Analysis 160 Simulation Topology and Parameters 161 Simulation Results 163 Conclusion 165 References 165 Leveraging Trusted Network Connect for Secure Connection of Mobile Devices to Corporate Networks 166 Introduction 166 Motivation and Background 167 Motivation Scenario 167 Security Risks and Challenges 168 Security Requirements 169 Trusted Network Connect (TNC) 170 Related Work 172 Network Access Protection (NAP) 172 Network Admission Control (NAC) 172 SIMOIT 173 TNC@FHH 174 The VOGUE Approach 175 Conclusions 176 References 177 OpenFlow and Xen-Based Virtual Network Migration 178 Introduction 178 Virtual Network Migration 180 1st Approach: Data and Control Planes on the Same VM 180 2nd Approach: Data and Control Plane Separation 182 Developed Prototypes and Experiments 185 Conclusions and Future Directions 188 References 188 Virtual Network Urbanization 190 Introduction 190 Virtual Network Environment Platform 191 Application Architecture Overview 193 Deployment Architecture Platform 195 Experimental Setup 197 Conclusion 200 References 200 New Routing Paradigms for the Next Internet 202 Introduction 202 Embracing the Societies for the Internet Architecture 202 Relevant Advances the Social Approach in Routing 204 Knowledge Sharing and Routing 205 Evolution of Societies and Routing Information 205 Elements of Proposal Routing Algorithm 206 Knowledge Sharing Model 207 Evaluation of Knowledge Sharing Model 209 Simulation Metrics and Parameters 209 The Results 209 Conclusions and Future Directions 212 References 212 End-to-End Performance Evaluation of Interconnected Optical Multi-ring Metropolitan Networks 214 End-to-End Network Architecture 214 Multi-ring Network Simulation 216 Simulation Parameters 218 Numerical Results 219 Concluding Remarks and Future Works 223 References 223 A Relative Bandwidth Allocation Method Enabling Fast Convergence in XCP 225 Introduction 225 XCP and Relative Bandwidth Allocation Method in XCP 226 XCP 226 Relative Bandwidth Allocation Method in XCP (XCP Method) 227 Proposals 227 Basic Method 227 Improved Method 228 Experiments and Analysis 229 Basic Method 230 Improved Method 231 Conclusion and Future Directions 235 References 236 On the Interest of Introducing Randomness in Ad-Word Auctions 237 Introduction 237 Model 239 Search Engine Basic Model 239 User Behavior Model 240 Search Engine Revenue 241 A VCG Auction Mechanism for Display Probability 243 Advertiser Willingness-to-Pay in Terms of the Ad Display Probability 243 VCG Auctions for Allocating an Infinitely Divisible Good 244 Applying VCG 245 Asymmetric Case 246 VCG for Randomizing Displayed Ads versus Deterministic GSP 246 Conclusion 247 References 247 The Role and Future Challenges of Wireless Communication Networks for Cooperative Autonomous City Vehicles 249 Introduction 249 State of Technology 250 Autonomous Vehicle Control System Overview and the Cybercars-2 Communication Framework 250 Autonomous Vehicle Control System 250 The Cybercars-2 Communication Framework 252 Experimental Decision Making Tests with the Cybercars-2 Communication Framework 255 Future Potentials of V2V and V2I Communication Networks 257 Current Limitations and Future Challenges 258 Current Limitations 258 Future Challenges 258 Conclusion 258 References 259 Performance Analysis of User-Centric Network Selection and Network-Centric Resource Allocation Approaches in Wireless Networks 260 Introduction 260 Model and Assumptions 261 Network-Centric Cooperative Resource Allocation 262 User-Centric Multi-attribute Auction Based Interface Selection 264 Results and Analysis 267 Conclusion 270 References 271 Author Index 273 Subject IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology 327......Page 1 Communications: Wireless in Developing Countries and Networks of the Future: Third IFIPTC6 International Conference, WCITD2010and IFIP TC 6 International Conference, NF 2010 / Held as Part of WCC 2010 / Brisbane, Australia, September 20-23, 2010 / Proceedings......Page 3 IFIP World Computer Congress 2010 (WCC 2010)......Page 5 Preface (Communications: Wireless in Developing Countries and Networks of the Future)......Page 6 WCITD 2010......Page 7 NF 2010......Page 8 Table of Contents......Page 10 Preface......Page 12 Introduction......Page 13 Methodology......Page 14 Semantic Neighborhood Process......Page 16 Semantic Clustering......Page 17 Sensor-SHM......Page 18 Semantic Clustering in SHM......Page 20 References......Page 23 Introduction......Page 25 What Is Scalability?......Page 26 Scalability Concerns in the Original “Dr Math”......Page 27 Re-development of “Dr Math”......Page 28 Typology for Scalability Decisions......Page 29 Multiple Connections......Page 30 Web-Based Tutoring......Page 31 “Busy-Ness” Model......Page 32 Games......Page 33 Conclusion......Page 34 References......Page 35 Economic Perspective......Page 36 Cellular Unfitness......Page 38 Architecture......Page 40 Business Model......Page 41 Example Scenario......Page 42 Capacity Simulation......Page 43 Related Work......Page 45 Summary and Future Work......Page 46 References......Page 47 Introduction......Page 49 Issues Facing Developing Countries......Page 50 Scalable Software Solutions for Abstracting Hardware and Communications Technologies......Page 53 A Test Implementation......Page 55 Pervasive, Low Cost and Intelligent Aquatic SNs......Page 57 Conclusions......Page 59 References......Page 60 Introduction......Page 61 Brazilian States Are Underserved......Page 62 The Digital Belt: An Infrastructure for Governance and Development......Page 63 Technological Challenges......Page 64 Partnership with Electricity Utility Company......Page 67 The Business Model......Page 68 References......Page 69 Introduction......Page 70 The Importance of ICT for Developing Countries......Page 71 Research Methodology......Page 72 Field Results and Analysis......Page 73 Reasons Contributing to the Gap......Page 74 The Need to Improve Current KM Practice......Page 77 The Use of ICT to Bridge the KM Gap......Page 78 Conclusion......Page 79 References......Page 80 Introduction......Page 82 Related Work......Page 83 Overall Approach......Page 85 Requirements Analysis......Page 86 Design Methodology......Page 87 Development Methodology......Page 88 Deployment Methodology......Page 89 Evaluation and Monitoring Methodology......Page 90 Lessons Learned......Page 91 Conclusion and Future Work......Page 92 References......Page 93 Preface......Page 94 Introduction......Page 95 The Architecture and Its Security......Page 96 Virtualization Plane......Page 98 The Knowledge and Piloting Environment......Page 99 References......Page 102 Introduction......Page 103 Federated Trust-to-Trust......Page 105 Bottom-Up......Page 106 Addressing, Identification and Routing......Page 108 Network Isolation......Page 109 Mobility......Page 110 Scalability of the Approach......Page 111 Objections and Counter Arguments......Page 112 Research Directions......Page 113 Summary......Page 114 References......Page 115 Introduction......Page 116 Network Architecture......Page 117 Network Functionalities......Page 119 Composition of Functionalities......Page 120 Example of Protocol Design......Page 123 Towards a Theory for Network Archite......Page 125 References......Page 126 Introduction......Page 128 Preliminary Concepts......Page 129 The Model......Page 130 Transmission Emissions, ET......Page 131 Maintenance Emissions, EM......Page 132 Assumptions......Page 133 Analysis......Page 134 References......Page 138 Introduction and Background......Page 140 The Internet Sensor Grid......Page 142 Review of Developments in Active and Passive Sensors......Page 143 Network Telescope and Analysis Engine......Page 146 Summary......Page 150 References......Page 151 Introduction......Page 154 Related Work......Page 155 Data-Driven MAC......Page 157 Modeling the Environment......Page 159 Performance Analysis......Page 160 Simulation Topology and Parameters......Page 161 Simulation Results......Page 163 References......Page 165 Introduction......Page 166 Motivation Scenario......Page 167 Security Risks and Challenges......Page 168 Security Requirements......Page 169 Trusted Network Connect (TNC)......Page 170 Network Admission Control (NAC)......Page 172 SIMOIT......Page 173 TNC@FHH......Page 174 The VOGUE Approach......Page 175 Conclusions......Page 176 References......Page 177 Introduction......Page 178 1st Approach: Data and Control Planes on the Same VM......Page 180 2nd Approach: Data and Control Plane Separation......Page 182 Developed Prototypes and Experiments......Page 185 References......Page 188 Introduction......Page 190 Virtual Network Environment Platform......Page 191 Application Architecture Overview......Page 193 Deployment Architecture Platform......Page 195 Experimental Setup......Page 197 References......Page 200 Embracing the Societies for the Internet Architecture......Page 202 Relevant Advances the Social Approach in Routing......Page 204 Evolution of Societies and Routing Information......Page 205 Elements of Proposal Routing Algorithm......Page 206 Knowledge Sharing Model......Page 207 The Results......Page 209 References......Page 212 End-to-End Network Architecture......Page 214 Multi-ring Network Simulation......Page 216 Simulation Parameters......Page 218 Numerical Results......Page 219 References......Page 223 Introduction......Page 225 XCP......Page 226 Basic Method......Page 227 Improved Method......Page 228 Experiments and Analysis......Page 229 Basic Method......Page 230 Improved Method......Page 231 Conclusion and Future Directions......Page 235 References......Page 236 Introduction......Page 237 Search Engine Basic Model......Page 239 User Behavior Model......Page 240 Search Engine Revenue......Page 241 Advertiser Willingness-to-Pay in Terms of the Ad Display Probability......Page 243 VCG Auctions for Allocating an Infinitely Divisible Good......Page 244 Applying VCG......Page 245 VCG for Randomizing Displayed Ads versus Deterministic GSP......Page 246 References......Page 247 Introduction......Page 249 Autonomous Vehicle Control System......Page 250 The Cybercars-2 Communication Framework......Page 252 Experimental Decision Making Tests with the Cybercars-2 Communication Framework......Page 255 Future Potentials of V2V and V2I Communication Networks......Page 257 Conclusion......Page 258 References......Page 259 Introduction......Page 260 Model and Assumptions......Page 261 Network-Centric Cooperative Resource Allocation......Page 262 User-Centric Multi-attribute Auction Based Interface Selection......Page 264 Results and Analysis......Page 267 Conclusion......Page 270 References......Page 271 Author Index......Page 273 Communications: Wireless in Developing Countries and Networks of the Future The present book contains the proceedings of two conferences held at the World Computer Congress 2010 in Brisbane, Australia (September 20 ́ 23) organized by the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP): the Third IFIP TC 6 Int- national Conference on Wireless Communications and Information Technology for Developing Countries (WCITD 2010) and the IFIP TC 6 International Network of the Future Conference (NF 2010). The main objective of these two IFIP conferences on communications is to provide a platform for the exchange of recent and original c- tributions in wireless networks in developing countries and networks of the future. There are many exiting trends and developments in the communications industry, several of which are related to advances in wireless networks, and next-generation Internet. It is commonly believed in the communications industry that a new gene- tion should appear in the next ten years. Yet there are a number of issues that are being worked on in various industry research and development labs and universities towards enabling wireless high-speed networks, virtualization techniques, smart n- works, high-level security schemes, etc. We would like to thank the members of the Program Committees and the external reviewers and we hope these proceedings will be very useful to all researchers int- ested in the fields of wireless networks and future network technologies