Combined and Hybrid Adsorbents: Fundamentals and Applications (NATO Security through Science Series / NATO Security through Science Series C: Environmental Security)

Adsorption is a separation process playing a fundamental role in several industrial areas, being used in both purification and bulk separations. The adsorbent used is the main parameter controlling the effectiveness of the process. Emerging new separations and the improvement of existing ones constitute the driving force for the development of new adsorbents with improved adsorbing properties. With this objective, recent research directions include the development of hybrid organic-inorganic and combined adsorbents. These Combined and Hybrid Adsorbents have progressively found their place, gaining importance for adsorptive applications and, consequently, for economy. They encompass significant scientific advances, pointing to the development of some directions of modern technology in the near future. This is confirmed by the impressive growth of the number of scientific publications dedicated to the subject in the last few years. The progresses in the development of these materials, the increased environmental and terrorism concerns, the needs for the integration between science and technology and the new analytical techniques available, enabling the complete characterization of these new materials, led us to the organization of a Research Workshop, aiming at making an up-to-date review of the latest achievements and an exchange of ideas between people working in several fields of this research area. Front Matter....Pages I-XII SYNTHESIS, STRUCTURE AND ADSORPTION PROPERTIES OF FUNCTIONALIZED POLYSILOXANE MATERIALS....Pages 3-21 DESIGN, SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ORDERED MESOPOROUS MATERIALS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATIONS....Pages 23-36 SELECTIVE REMOVAL OF RADIONUCLIDES FROM NUCLEAR WASTE EFFLUENTS USING INORGANIC ION EXCHANGERS....Pages 37-47 EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH TO THE SYNTHESIS OF HYBRID ADSORBENTS ON THE BASIS OF POLYSILOXANE XEROGELS FUNCTIONALIZED WITH CALIX[4]ARENES AND THEIR DERIVATIVES....Pages 49-54 HYBRID POLYMER-SILICA ADSORBENT FOR CHROMATOGRAPHY....Pages 55-62 DESIGN AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NOVEL ZEOADSORPTION MEDIA DERIVED FROM SURFACE COATING WITH FUNCTIONAL HYDROCARBONS....Pages 63-70 REGULATION OF LIGNOCELLULOSE MATERIALS SORPTION PROPERTIES BY MODIFICATION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATION....Pages 71-76 HYDROTHERMOSTABILITY OF MESOPOROUS MESOPHASE MATERIALS OF MCM-41 AND SBA-3 TYPE....Pages 77-83 URANIUM SORPTION BY ORGANOZEOLITES AND FERROMAGNETIC ORGANOZEOLITES FROM WASTE WATER OF SPECIAL LAUNDRY....Pages 85-92 TEMPLATE EFFECT OF THE M 3+ - CATIONS IN THE COURSE OF THE SYNTHESIS OF HIGH DISPERSED TITANIUM AND ZIRCONIUM PHOSPHATES....Pages 93-98 NEW SPHERICALLY GRANULATED INORGANIC ION EXCHANGERS ON THE BASIS OF TITANIUM PHOSPHATE....Pages 99-104 IRON-BASED NANOADSORBENTS FOR THE REMOVAL OF METAL IONS FROM WATER....Pages 105-110 PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE ADSORPTION OF THE CATIONIC DYE ASTRAZON RED BY A PORTUGUESE BENTONITE....Pages 111-116 Front Matter....Pages I-XII MORPHOLOGY AND SURFACE CHEMISTRY OF CHEMICALLY TREATED ACTIVATED CARBONS....Pages 119-132 POROUS CARBONS IN GAS SEPARATION AND STORAGE....Pages 133-144 CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS AS DESULFURIZATION MEDIA....Pages 145-164 COMBINED ADSORPTION PREPARATIONS FROM ACTIVE CARBONS, CLAY MINERALS AND NATURAL PLANT PRODUCTS....Pages 165-179 SYNTHESIS OF NEW LOW DENSITY CARBON MATERIALS WITH MOLECULAR SIEVING PROPERTIES....Pages 181-186 GRANULAR ACTIVATED CARBON FROM DECIDUOUS WOOD LIGNOCELLULOSE....Pages 187-193 SYNTHESIS OF ACTIVATED CARBON FROM SPENT LUBRICATING OIL AND APPLICATION FOR ADSORPTION OF CADMIUM AND LEAD IONS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION....Pages 195-200 Front Matter....Pages I-XII SYNTHESIS AND CATALYTIC PROPERTIES OF N-CONTAINING SYNTHETIC CARBONS ON A BASIS OF COPOLYMER OF STYRENE AND DIVINYLBENZENE....Pages 201-206 ADSORPTION PROPERTIES OF MODIFIED FILTRATION MATERIALS IN WATER TREATMENT....Pages 207-212 PROPERTIES OF COMBINED SORBENT - “ZEOLITE IN FIBER”....Pages 213-217 ENHANCEMENT OF ADSORPTION CAPACITY BY USE OF PHASE CHANGE MATERIAL (PCM) AS ADDITIVE IN AN ACTIVATED CARBON (AC) FIXED BED ADSORBER....Pages 219-224 THERMOCHEMICAL ACTIVATION OF LIGNINS FOR OBTAINING EFFECTIVE SORBENTS....Pages 225-230 AN OPPORTUNITY FOR REDUCTION OF THE INFLUENCE OF DIFFUSION RESISTANCE WHEN CARRYING OUT CATALYTIC AND ADSORPTION PROCESSES BY USING POROUS WALL TUBES MADE OF ACTIVATED CARBON....Pages 231-236 USE OF ACTIVE CARBON TO PHENOL REDUCTION FROM WATER SOLUTION....Pages 237-242 REMOVAL OF HYDROGEN SULFIDE, AMMONIA AND NITRITE IONS FROM WATER SOLUTIONS USING MODIFIED ACTIVE CARBONS....Pages 243-248 ADSORPTION OF CHROMIUM IONS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION USING ACTIVATED CARBO-ALUMINOSILICATE MATERIAL....Pages 249-254 MODIFIED NATURAL SORBENTS FOR BINDING HEAVY METAL IONS....Pages 255-260 INFLUENCE OF ADSORPTION OF VIRUSES OF PLANTS ON ELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF POROUS SILICON....Pages 261-267 ADSORPTION STUDY OF LEAD BY ASCOPHYLLUM NODOSUM USING A FACTORIAL EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN....Pages 269-274 APPLICATION OF CHITIN CONTAINING SORBENTS FOR TREATMENT OF WATER SOLUTIONS....Pages 275-280 BIOSORPTION PERFORMANCE OF A BINARY METAL MIXTURE BY ALGAL BIOMASS: COLUMN EXPERIMENTS....Pages 281-286 REMOVAL OF SELENIUM AND ANTIMONY SPECIES FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS BY MEANS OF A WEAKLY BASIC ION EXCHANGER....Pages 287-292 Front Matter....Pages I-XII THE POROUS STRUCTURE OF HARD AND DEFORMED ADSORBENTS AND MOBILITY OF ADSORBED MOLECULES....Pages 295-308 CHARACTERIZATION OF HARD AND SOFT POROUS MATERIALS AND TISSUE SCAFFOLDS....Pages 309-320 MODELING GAS PHASE ADSORPTION IN INDUSTRIAL AND MILITARY APPLICATIONS....Pages 321-335 FOCUSING MATERIALS RESEARCH THROUGH PROCESS MODELING....Pages 337-348 SOME ASPECTS OF PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL ADSORPTION ON SURFACE OF AMORPHOUS SOLID....Pages 349-356 Front Matter....Pages I-XII BREAKTHROUGH BEHAVIOR OF WATER VAPOR ON ACTIVATED CARBON FILTERS....Pages 357-360

The recent environmental concerns as well as the struggle against chemical terrorism demand new protection technologies and/or improvement of existing ones, e.g., adsorption. Adsorption is an established industrial separation technique used both in bulk separations and purifications, and is particularly suited for the solution of those problems. The new challenges call for new, more efficient and selective adsorbents. To accomplish these needs, new directions point to the development of adsorbents of a combined or hybrid nature.

This book constitutes an up-to-date review of the latest achievements in the synthesis, characterization and applications of hybrid organic-inorganic materials and of carbon and combined adsorbents. The modeling of the adsorption process, including the simulation of carbon masks used for both civil and military protection purposes is also addressed.

This book follows up an Advanced Research Workshop dedicated to the subject of adsorption. It presents an up-to-date review of the latest achievements in the synthesis, characterization and applications of hybrid organic-inorganic materials and of carbon and combined adsorbents. The modeling of the adsorption process, including the simulation of carbon masks used for both civil and military protection purposes is also addressed. Includes applications in environmental, military and post-disaster situations. Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Combined and Hybrid Adsorbents: Fundamentals and Applications, Kiev, Ukraine, 15-17 September 2005