Cognitive Foundations of Musical Pitch (Oxford Psychology Series, No 17)

this Book Addresses The Central Problem Of Music Cognition: How Listeners' Responses Move Beyond Mere Registration Of Auditory Events To Include The Organization, Interpretation, And Remembrance Of These Events In Terms Of Their Function In A Musical Context Of Pitch And Rhythm. Equally Important, The Work Offers An Analysis Of The Relationship Between The Psychological Organization Of Music And Its Internal Structure. Combining Over A Decade Of Original Research On Music Cognition With An Overview Of The Available Literature, The Work Will Be Of Interest To Cognitive And Physiological Psychologists, Psychobiologists, Musicians, Music Researchers, And Music Educators. The Author Provides The Necessary Background In Experimental Methodology And Music Theory So That No Specialized Knowledge Is Required For Following Her Major Arguments. booknews explores The Knowledge Listeners Possess About Musical Structure And How This Knowledge Affects The Way Listeners Perceive And Remember Music. Krumhansl (psychology, Cornell University) Presents A Key- Finding Algorithm Based On Tonal Hierarchies, And Analyzes Studies On The Perceived Harmonic Relations Between Musical Tones And Between Chords. Annotation C. Book News, Inc., Portland, Or (booknews.com) Contents......Page 10 1. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS......Page 14 The approach of cognitive psychology......Page 16 The plan of the research......Page 20 Outline of the following chapters......Page 23 2. QUANTIFYING TONAL HIERARCHIES AND KEY DISTANCES......Page 27 The tonal hierarchy......Page 29 The first probe tone study: individual differences with a major-key context......Page 32 Replication and extension to minor-key contexts......Page 36 A derived measure of interkey distance......Page 42 A spatial representation of interkey distance......Page 51 Theoretical maps of key relationships......Page 57 3. MUSICAL CORRELATES OF PERCEIVED TONAL HIERARCHIES......Page 61 Tonal consonance......Page 62 Tonal consonance and tonal hierarchies......Page 66 Statistical analyses of tonal compositions......Page 73 Tonal distributions and tonal hierarchies......Page 77 Tonal hierarchies, tonal consonance, and tonal distributions......Page 86 4. A KEY-FINDING ALGORITHM BASED ON TONAL HIERARCHIES......Page 88 The key-finding algorithm......Page 89 Application I: initial segments of preludes of J. S. Bach, Shostakovich, and Chopin......Page 92 Application II: fugue subjects of J. S. Bach and Shostakovich......Page 100 Application III: J. S. Bach's C Minor Prelude, Book II......Page 107 Limitations and possible extensions of the algorithm......Page 117 5. PERCEIVED RELATIONS BETWEEN MUSICAL TONES......Page 122 Geometric representations of musical pitch......Page 123 Limitations of geometric models......Page 130 Experimental measures of tonal relations......Page 134 Correlations with tonal consonance and tonal distributions......Page 145 Gestalt theory......Page 149 Three principles of tonal stability......Page 151 Perceptual organization in music: Segmentation and melodic similarity......Page 163 7. QUANTIFYING HARMONIC HIERARCHIES AND KEY DISTANCES......Page 176 Music-theoretical descriptions of harmony......Page 177 Quantifying the harmonic hierarchy......Page 179 Harmonic hierarchy of diatonic triads I-VII......Page 188 Deriving key distances from harmonic hierarchies......Page 193 Perceived harmonic relations and key structure......Page 199 Perceived harmonic relations of diatonic triads I-VII......Page 203 Key context effects on perceived harmonic relations......Page 206 Key structure and memory for chord sequences......Page 210 Key context effects on memory for chord sequences......Page 214 Relational effects on memory for chord sequences......Page 218 Parallels between perceived tonal and harmonic structures......Page 221 9. PERCEIVING MULTIPLE KEYS: MODULATION AND POLYTONALITY......Page 224 Tracing the developing and changing sense of key......Page 225 Tonal hierarchies and polytonality......Page 237 10. TONAL HIERARCHIES IN ATONAL AND NON-WESTERN TONAL MUSIC......Page 251 Tonal hierarchies in 12-tone serial music......Page 252 Tonal hierarchies in North Indian music......Page 264 Tonal hierarchies in Balinese music......Page 277 Tonal hierarchies: some generalizations......Page 279 Properties of the diatonic-harmonic system......Page 282 Properties of pentatonic, octatonic, and North Indian scales......Page 286 Properties emerging from the empirical studies......Page 291 References......Page 300 H......Page 312 O......Page 313 Z......Page 314 F......Page 315 M......Page 316 T......Page 317 W......Page 318