Clouds : their formation, optical properties, and effects : (proceedings of the symposium, Williamsburg, Va., May 13-14, 1980)

Clouds: Their Formation, Optical Properties, and Effects deals with the formation of clouds as well as the theoretical and experimental aspects of their microphysical and optical properties. Discussions are grouped under the headings of structure of clouds, interaction of passive radiation with clouds, and interaction of active radiation with clouds. This book is organized into three sections and has 11 chapters. After analyzing the spatial and temporal scales involved in the formation and organization of clouds and precipitation, this text examines the microphysical measurement techniques used in probing the microstructure of clouds. The reader is then methodically introduced to the microstructure of atmospheric clouds and precipitation; the formation and structure of fog; and basic shortwave characteristics of “ideal” clouds. The temporal behavior of clouds and their interaction with the radiation field are considered, along with the possible effects of cloud models in general circulation studies. The remaining chapters explore the light scattering properties of ice crystals and the radiative characteristics of ice clouds; the laser measurements in clouds; the transmission and reflectivity of ice clouds by active probing; and the theory of multiple scattering of laser beams in clouds. The book concludes by presenting the measurements of the temporal and spatial spreading of a blue-green pulse through clouds and fogs as a function of optical thickness and receiver field-of-view. This text will be helpful to advanced researchers and program managers in terms of reviewing the state of the art and identifying those areas requiring further research efforts. Content: Front Matter , Page iii Copyright , Page iv PARTICIPANTS , Pages vii-ix FOREWORD , Page xi , Richard B. Gomez PREFACE , Pages xiii-xiv , Peter V. Hobbs, Adarsh Deepak SCALES INVOLVED IN THE FORMATION AND ORGANIZATION OF CLOUDS AND PRECIPITATION , Pages 1-14 , Peter V. Hobbs TECHNIQUES FOR PROBING CLOUD MICROSTRUCTURE , Pages 15-91 , R.G. Knollenberg THE MICROSTRUCTURE OF ATMOSPHERIC CLOUDS AND PRECIPITATION , Pages 93-186 , H.R. Pruppacher FOG STRUCTURE , Pages 187-239 , James E. Jiusto RADIATION CHARACTERISTICS OF CLOUDS IN THE SOLAR SPECTRUM , Pages 241-280 , Stephen K. Cox ON THE DIURNAL PROPERTIES OF CLOUDS FROM GEOSTATIONARY SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS , Pages 281-313 , Garry E. Hunt SOME ASPECTS OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF ICE CLOUDS , Pages 315-354 , Kuo-Nan Liou DISCUSSION , Pages 355-359,361-362 LASER MEASUREMENTS IN CLOUDS , Pages 363-406 , A.I. Carswell TRANSMISSION AND REFLECTIVITY OF ICE CLOUDS BY ACTIVE PROBING , Pages 407-436 , C.M.R. Platt A REVIEW OF THE THEORY OF MULTIPLE SCATTERING OF LIDAR BEAMS IN CLOUDS , Pages 437-464 , James A. Weinman PULSED BLUE-GREEN PROPAGATION THROUGH CLOUD AND FOGS , Pages 465-492 , G.C. Moo radian, M. Geller INDEX , Pages 493-497 Scales involved in the formation and organization of clouds and precipitation / Peter V. Hobbs Techniques for probing cloud microstructure / R.G. Knollenberg The microstructure of atmospheric clouds and precipitation / H.R. Pruppacher Fog structure / James E. Jiusto Radiation characteristics of clouds in the solar spectrum / Stephen K. Cox On the diurnal properties of clouds from geostationary satellite observations / Garry E. Hunt Some aspects of the optical properties of ice clouds / Kuo-nan Liou Laser measurements in clouds / A.I. Carswell Transmission and reflectivity of ice clouds by active probing / C.M.R. Platt A review of the theory of multiple scattering of lidar beams in clouds / James A. Weinman Pulsed blue-green propagation through clouds and fogs / G.C. Mooradian and M. Geller.