Clinical Handbook of Eating Disorders: An Integrated Approach (Medical Psychiatry, 26)

Emphasizing that accurate diagnosis is the foundation for effective treatment regimens, this reference reviews the most current research on the assessment, epidemiology, etiology, risk factors, neurodevelopment, course of illness, and various empirically-based evaluation and treatment approaches relating to eating disorders-studying disordered eating in atypical patient populations, such as men, infants, and the elderly and highlighting gender, cultural, and age-related differences that have appeared in the study of these conditions. Book Cover......Page 1 Half-Title......Page 2 Title......Page 6 Copyright......Page 7 Dedication......Page 8 Foreword......Page 9 Preface......Page 13 Contents......Page 19 Contributors......Page 22 Anorexia Nervosa......Page 26 Bulimia Nervosa......Page 29 Binge Eating Disorder......Page 32 COMMON DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSES IN EATING DISORDERS IN ADULTS......Page 35 The Very Young......Page 36 EFFECTS OF CULTURE ON THE DIAGNOSIS OF ANOREXIA NERVOSA......Page 37 EFFECT OF GENETIC CAUSALITY ON DIAGNOSIS IN EATING DISORDERS......Page 38 APPENDIX 1 Sample Clinical Interview Format......Page 40 REFERENCES......Page 42 2 Psychometric Assessment of Eating Disorders......Page 44 Structured Interviews......Page 45 Yale-Brown-Cornell Eating Disorder Scale (YBC-EDS; 12)......Page 46 Eating Attitudes Test (EAT; 25,26)......Page 47 Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI; 38)......Page 48 Revised Bulimia Test (BULIT-R; 45)......Page 49 Mlzes Anorectic Cognitions Scale (MACS-R; 55)......Page 50 Motivation to Change......Page 51 Anorexia Nervosa Stage of Change Questionnaire (ANSOCQ; 66)......Page 52 GENERAL PSYCHOPATHOLOGY......Page 53 Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS; 76,77)......Page 54 Beck Depression Inventory, Second Edition (BDI-II; 87)......Page 55 Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI; 91)......Page 56 Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST; 104)......Page 57 Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI; 121)......Page 58 Inventory of Interpersonal Problems (IIP; 127)......Page 59 Family Environment Scale (FES; 136)......Page 60 SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS......Page 61 REFERENCES......Page 62 Pica......Page 72 Rumination......Page 73 Feeding Disorder of Infancy and Early Childhood......Page 74 Feeding Disorders Presenting to Clinical Services......Page 76 FROM FEEDING TO EATING DISORDERS: ISSUES OF CONTROL AND SELF-REGULATION......Page 81 ASSESSMENT OF FEEDING PROBLEMS......Page 85 History and Development of the Feeding Problem......Page 86 Assessment of Systemic Context......Page 87 Behavioral and Emotional Assessment......Page 88 MANAGEMENT OF FEEDING PROBLEMS......Page 89 OUTCOME......Page 90 REFERENCES......Page 91 4 Epidemiology of Eating Disorders and Disordered Eating: A Deveiopmental Overview......Page 96 Classification......Page 97 Disordered Eating......Page 98 Prevalence......Page 101 Age and Sex......Page 103 Prevalence......Page 105 Incidence......Page 107 Time Trends......Page 108 Binge Eating Disorder......Page 109 Social Class......Page 110 Level of Industrialization......Page 111 Occupation......Page 112 COMMENTS......Page 113 REFERENCES......Page 115 5 Long-Term Outcome, Course of Illness and Mortality in Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, and Binge Eating Disorder......Page 122 Recovery......Page 123 Prognostic Factors......Page 124 Treatment Utilization......Page 125 Recovery......Page 126 Prognostic Factors......Page 127 Treatment Utilization......Page 128 Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa......Page 129 CONCLUSIONS......Page 133 REFERENCES......Page 134 6 An Overview of Risk Factors for Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, and Binge Eating Disorder......Page 142 OVERVIEW OF BASIC RISK FACTOR CONCEPTS......Page 144 METHOD......Page 145 CHARACTERISTICS OF LONGITUDINAL RISK FACTOR STUDIES FOR EATING DISORDERS......Page 147 Age......Page 150 General Psychiatric Disturbance/Negative Emotionality......Page 151 Adverse Life Events......Page 153 Early Childhood Eating and Digestive Problems......Page 154 Family Interaction/Family Functioning/Attachment Styles......Page 155 Family History/Family Psychopathology......Page 156 Low Self-Esteem/Negative Self-Concept/lneffectiveness......Page 157 Athletic Competition/Participation in Weight-Related Subculture/Exercise......Page 158 Other Factors......Page 159 CNS Serotonin Activity......Page 160 Pubertal Timing......Page 162 Weight Concerns/Dieting/Negative Body Image......Page 163 General Psychiatric Disturbance/Negative Emotionality......Page 164 Sexual Abuse......Page 166 BMI and Other Weight-Related Variables......Page 167 Family Interaction/Family Functioning/Attachment Styles......Page 168 Low Self-Esteem/Negative Self-Concept/lneffectiveness......Page 169 Perfectionism......Page 170 Athletic Competition/Participation in Weight-Related Subculture/Exercise......Page 171 CNS Serotonin Activity......Page 172 Pregnancy and Perinatal Complications......Page 173 Psychosocial Factors......Page 174 ADDITIONAL RISK FACTOR CHARACTERISTICS......Page 176 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS......Page 177 REFERENCES......Page 179 THE BURDEN OF PLAUSIBILITY......Page 190 Twin Studies......Page 191 What Is Heritability? What Isn’t Heritability?......Page 193 Family Studies of Eating Disorders......Page 194 The Equal Environment Assumption......Page 195 Twin Studles of Anorexia Nervosa......Page 196 Twin Studies of Bulimia Nervosa......Page 197 Twin Studies of Binge Eating Disorder......Page 198 USING TWIN STUDIES TO EXPLORE THE RELATION BETWEEN ANOREXIA AND BULIMIA NERVOSA......Page 199 WHY DO WE NOT DETECT COMMON ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS IN TWIN STUDIES OF EATING DISORDERS?......Page 200 IMPLICATIONS OF FAMILY AND TWIN FOR PREVENTION AND CLINICAL PRACTICE......Page 202 CONCLUSIONS......Page 203 REFERENCES......Page 204 OVERVIEW......Page 208 Anorexia Nervosa......Page 210 Binge Eating Disorder......Page 211 PSYCHIATRIC COMORBIDITY......Page 212 Mood Disorders......Page 213 Anxiety Disorders......Page 216 Substance Use Disorders......Page 219 Impulse Control Disorders......Page 221 Dissociative Disorders......Page 222 ADHD and Disruptive Behavior Disorders of Childhood......Page 223 SUMMARY......Page 224 REFERENCES......Page 225 EATING AND PERSONALITY PATHOLOGIES......Page 234 State-Trait Debate......Page 238 Personality Traits in the EDs......Page 235 Specific Traits......Page 236 Personaiity Disorders in the EDs......Page 237 Family/Developmental Characteristics......Page 239 Childhood Abuse......Page 240 Neurobiology of Eating and Personality Disturbances......Page 241 Symptoms......Page 242 Anorexia Nervosa......Page 243 Bulimia Nervosa......Page 244 WITHIN-SUBTYPE HETEROGENEITY AS TO PERSONALITY FEATURES......Page 245 INTEGRATION AND CLINICAL APPLICATIONS......Page 246 CONCLUSIONS......Page 249 REFERENCES......Page 250 10 Medical Comorbidity of Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, and Binge Eating Disorder......Page 258 ASSESSMENT......Page 259 Cardiac Complications......Page 261 Renal Complications......Page 263 Endocrine Abnormalities......Page 264 Gastrointestinal Complications......Page 267 Central Nervous System Complications......Page 269 Musculoskeletal Complications......Page 271 Gynecological and Obstetrical Complications......Page 273 REFERENCES......Page 275 11 Neurotransmitter Dysregulation in Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, and Binge Eating Disorder......Page 282 MONOAMINES......Page 283 NOREPINEPHRINE......Page 284 DOPAMINE......Page 286 SEROTONIN......Page 287 Possible Trait-Linked Effects......Page 290 Evidence from Pharmacological Effects......Page 293 CONCLUSIONS......Page 294 REFERENCES......Page 295 NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY......Page 308 NEUROPEPTIDES......Page 310 Vasopressin and Oxytocin......Page 311 Neuropeptide Y and Peptide YY......Page 312 Leptin......Page 313 Ghrelin......Page 314 CONCLUSIONS AND PERSPECTIVES......Page 315 REFERENCES......Page 316 GENERAL ASPECTS OF METHODOLOGY......Page 322 BACKGROUND: BRAIN DEVELOPMENT......Page 323 BRAIN STRUCTURE AND EATING DISORDERS......Page 324 BRAIN FUNCTION IN EATING DISORDERS......Page 325 Animal Models......Page 326 Hunger and Satiety......Page 328 Food Challenges in Eating Disorders......Page 331 NEUROTRANSMISSION......Page 333 WHAT CAN WE UNDERSTAND FROM THE FUNCTIONAL STUDIES?......Page 335 The Lateral Prefrontal Cortex......Page 336 Anorexia Nervosa as a Neurodevelopmental Disorder......Page 337 CONCLUSION......Page 338 SUMMARY......Page 339 REFERENCES......Page 340 14 Molecular Biology of Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, Binge Eating Disorder, and Obesity......Page 348 GENETICS......Page 349 IDENTIFYING GENES......Page 350 SEROTONINERGIC GENES IN EATING DISORDERS......Page 352 5-HT2A Subclass......Page 353 5-HT, Subclass......Page 358 Serotonin Transporter......Page 359 Estrogen Receptors......Page 360 Catechol-O-Methyltransferase......Page 363 hSKCa3......Page 364 LINKAGE ANALYSIS IN EATING DISORDERS......Page 365 OBESITY......Page 366 REFERENCES......Page 367 15 Management of Eating Disorders: Inpatient and Partial Hospital Programs......Page 374 INPATIENT TREATMENT......Page 376 PROGRAM SCHEDULING......Page 382 Psychoeducational Group......Page 388 Cognitive Group Therapy......Page 389 Body Perception Group......Page 390 Family Therapy......Page 391 Role of Medications in Treatment......Page 392 THE DISCHARGE PROCESS......Page 393 PARTIAL HOSPITALIZATION/DAY TREATMENT......Page 394 Involuntary Patients......Page 397 REFERENCES......Page 398 NUTRITIONAL COUNSELING APPROACHES......Page 404 Nutritional Assessment......Page 405 Nutritional Rehabilitation......Page 406 Weight Restoration Regimens......Page 407 Meal Plans......Page 409 Ongoing Treatment......Page 412 Family Involvement......Page 413 Nutritional Rehabilitation......Page 415 Nutrition Education and Counseling......Page 417 Ideas for Support of the Meal Plan......Page 418 Nutritional Assessment......Page 420 Nutrition Intervention and Education......Page 421 SUMMARY OF NUTRITIONAL TREATMENT GOALS FOR ANOREXIA NERVOSA, BULIMIA NERVOSA, AND BINGE EATING DISORDER......Page 423 REFERENCES......Page 424 COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY IN THE MANAGEMENT OF BULIMIA NERVOSA......Page 430 COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF BULIMIA NERVOSA......Page 431 COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY IN THE MANAGEMENT OF ANOREXIA NERVOSA......Page 432 GUIDELINES FOR COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL TREATMENT OF THE EATING DISORDERS......Page 436 Initiating CBT......Page 437 Cues and Consequences......Page 438 Cognitive Restructuring......Page 439 Problem Solving and Social Skills Training......Page 442 Case Study......Page 443 REFERENCES......Page 448 BASIC CONCEPTS AND PRINCIPLES OF FAMILY THERAPY......Page 452 HISTORY OF FAMILY THERAPY IN TREATMENT OF EATING DISORDERS......Page 453 FAMILY CHARACTERISTICS OF INDIVIDUALS WITH AN EATING DISORDER......Page 454 FAMILY EVALUATION......Page 456 FAMILY THERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF ANOREXIA NERVOSA......Page 458 FAMILY THERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF BULIMIA NERVOSA......Page 463 BINGE EATING DISORDER......Page 466 FAMILY THERAPY IN CLINICAL PRACTICE......Page 467 SUMMARY......Page 470 REFERENCES......Page 471 THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF INTERPERSONAL PSYCHOTHERAPY......Page 476 INTERPERSONAL PSYCHOTHERAPY FOR EATING DISORDERS......Page 477 Interpersonal Problem Areas......Page 478 Tasks of the Treatment Phases (Table 2)......Page 481 General Therapeutic Techniques......Page 489 Interpersonal Psychotherapy for Bulimia Nervosa......Page 491 Interpersonal Psychotherapy for Anorexia Nervosa......Page 492 SUMMARY AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS......Page 493 REFERENCES......Page 494 20 Use of Dialectical Behavior Therapy in the Eating Disorders......Page 500 PHILOSOPHY AND ASSUMPTIONS OF DIALECTICAL BEHAVIOR THERAPY......Page 501 ETIOLOGY OF BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER......Page 502 DIALECTICAL BEHAVIOR THERAPY......Page 503 MODES OF TREATMENT IN DIALECTICAL BEHAVIOR THERAPY......Page 504 Commitment Strategies in Dialectical Behavior Therapy......Page 505 Individual Therapy in Dialectical Behavior Therapy......Page 506 Dialectical Behavior Therapy Skills......Page 509 The Dialectical Behavior Therapy Consultation Team......Page 511 DIALECTICAL BEHAVIOR THERAPY EFFICACY......Page 512 DIALECTICAL BEHAVIOR THERAPY ACROSS THE EATING DISORDERS CONTINUUM OF CARE......Page 513 SUMMARY......Page 514 REFERENCES......Page 515 21 Psychopharmacology of Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, and Binge Eating Disorder......Page 516 Antidepressants......Page 517 Antipsychotics......Page 519 Other Agents......Page 520 Antidepressants......Page 522 Other Agents......Page 524 Combination Treatment......Page 525 Antidepressants......Page 527 Anorexia Nervosa......Page 528 REFERENCES......Page 529 22 Eating Disorders, Victimization, and Comorbidity: Principles of Treatment......Page 536 RELATIONSHIP OF EATING DISORDERS TO TRAUMA HISTORY AND PTSD......Page 538 RELATIONSHIP OF COMORBID DISORDERS TO TRAUMA HISTORY AND PTSD......Page 542 Anxiety Disorders......Page 543 Substance Use Disorders......Page 544 Somatoform Disorders......Page 545 Impulse Control Disorders......Page 546 Axis II Comorbidity......Page 547 Course and Outcome......Page 548 PRINCIPLES OF TREATMENT FOR THE COMORBID ED PATIENT WITH VICTIMIZATION......Page 549 REFERENCES......Page 561 23 Future Directions in the Management of Eating Disorders......Page 574 THE FUTURE OF EATING DISORDERS DIAGNOSIS......Page 575 THE FUTURE OF EATING DISORDERS EPIDEMIOLOGY......Page 577 MOLECULAR GENETIC RESEARCH IN EATING DISORDERS: FUTURE IMPLICATION FOR TREATMENT......Page 579 OTHER FUTURE BIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS IN EATING DISORDERS......Page 580 THE FUTURE OF BIOLOGICAL INTERVENTIONS FOR EATING DISORDERS......Page 581 Psychotherapies......Page 582 Individuals, Families and Friends, and Self-Help On-Line......Page 583 Health Professionals as Facilitators, Partners, and Authorities......Page 585 Adjunctive Use of e-Mail in Ambulatory Treatment of Eating Disorder Patients......Page 587 Emerging Technologies......Page 588 FUTURE SYSTEMS OF CARE FOR EATING DISORDERS......Page 589 REFERENCES......Page 590 Index......Page 596

Including sociocultural, psychological, and biomedical approaches to the understanding of eating disorders in the collection, Brewerton (Medical U. of South Carolina) presents 23 papers intended to collectively provide an overview of current progress in clinical research on anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder. Topics covered include diagnosis and assessment, epidemiology, course of illness, etiology, risk factors, medical and psychiatric comorbidity, and treatment approaches. Annotation © 2004 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Doody Review Services

Reviewer:Janet M. Dunn, MD(Rush University Medical Center)
Description:This is a notably complete handbook of eating disorders structured for maximal use by its readers.
Purpose:The aim to provide an integrated approach to the treatment of eating disorders is well met by addressing psychosocial, biomedical, and personality components of the diseases.
Audience:Although the editor does not suggest a target audience, this book would be best used by healthcare professionals treating eating disorders. Within that group, physicians who have a pre-existing working knowledge of eating disorders would likely benefit most. The contributors are primarily physicians or PhDs in the field.
Features:Among the many topics covered, some particularly important areas include assessment tools, early childhood eating disorders, risk factors, genetic contributions, family issues, and nutrition counseling. The sections on early childhood eating disorders and nutritional counseling are particularly worthwhile. References at the end of every chapter and many useful tables, schematics, and charts add to the easy ability to glean information quickly.
Assessment:This book is very thorough and is of good quality. The organization allows the reader to easily look for specific information. It would be especially valuable for professionals who specialize in the treatment of eating disorders. It would also be useful as a tool to help treatment professionals from different disciplines to understand the perspectives of other professionals, such as nutritionists and psychotherapists.