Clinical Guide to the Diagnosis and Treatment of Mental Disorders, 2nd Edit

Two key challenges face mental health practitioners: making the correct psychiatric diagnosis and choosing the most appropriate treatment option. This book aims to help with both. __Clinical Guide to the Diagnosis and Treatment of Mental Disorders__ - Second Edition combines clinically-relevant information about each of theDSM-IV-TR diagnoses with clear, detailed information on treatment options, giving full clinical management advice. Once again, the editors, both leading psychiatrists, have condensed the chapters on Disorders from Tasman et al’s acclaimed two volume textbook of __Psychiatry__ (now in its Third Edition), retaining only the content they deem particularly relevant to the clinician for ease of use. Each disorder is discussed under the headings of Diagnosis (including Assessment Issues, Comorbidity, Course, and Differential Diagnosis, giving diagnostic decision trees where relevant) and Treatment (listing all therapeutic options, giving practical advice for patient management, summarising treatment specifics with tables and treatment flowcharts). The original edition established itself as the first point of reference for any clinician or mental health practitioner needing expert advice on therapeutic options for any psychiatric disorder. This edition features an additional chapter on the psychiatric interview and assessment of mental status to increase its utility. It echoes the progress in psychiatry regarding the establishment of an evidenced-based model of taxonomy, diagnosis, etiology, and treatment. Indeed, from a psychologist's perspective, the equal consideration provided to empirically supported psychosocial treatments versus somatic treatment is a significant development in the field of psychiatry. Jonathan Weinand in __PsycCritiques, the American Psychological Association Review of Books__ Title Page 5 Contents 9 Preface 29 Chapter 1 The Psychiatric Interview 31 Goals of the psychiatric interview 31 The psychiatric database 35 Database components 36 Identifying data 36 Chief complaint 36 History of the present illness 37 Past psychiatric history 37 Past medical history 37 Family history 37 Personal history 38 Mental status examination 39 Conduct of the interview 39 General features of psychiatric interviews 41 Setting 41 Verbal communication 41 Nonverbal communication 42 Listening and observation 42 Attitude and behavior of the interviewer 43 Structure of the interview 43 Chapter 2 Childhood Disorders: Intellectual Disability 47 Concept of intellectual disability 47 Prevalence of intellectual disability 49 Comorbidity patterns 49 Approaches to classification of the causation of intellectual disability 50 Elements of biomedical assessment 50 First stage work-up 50 History 51 Physical examination 52 Diagnostic studies 52 Prenatal diagnosis 53 Differential diagnosis of intellectual disability 53 Course and natural history of intellectual disability 53 Habilitation and treatment approaches to intellectual disability 53 Overall goals of treatment of persons with intellectual disability 55 Overall principles of treatment of persons with intellectual disability 55 Normalization principle 55 Right to community living 55 Employment of adults in the community according to their abilities 56 Use of normal community services and facilities 56 Advocacy and appropriate protective measures 56 Prevention of intellectual disability 56 Primary prevention 56 Secondary prevention 56 Tertiary prevention 56 Prevention of psychosocial dysfunction 56 Mental disorders in persons with intellectual disability 56 Behavior disorders 57 Special issues in the psychiatric assessment of persons with intellectual disability 57 Noncriminal forensic issues 58 Guardianship 58 Parental competency in child protection cases 58 Overall goals of psychiatric treatment of persons with intellectual disability 58 Principles of pharmacological interventions in persons with intellectual disability 59 Psychosocial interventions 59 Programmatic and educational approaches 59 Psychotherapies 60 Comparison of DSM-IV/ICD-10 diagnostic criteria 60 Chapter 3 Childhood Disorders: Learning and Motor Skills Disorders 61 Diagnosis 61 DSM-IV-TR criteria 62 Educational criteria 62 The educational curriculum and diagnosis 63 Differential diagnosis 64 Evaluation of the child or adolescent 64 Family evaluation 67 Environmental and cultural assessment 67 Epidemiology 68 Comorbidity patterns 68 Social problems 68 Treatment 68 Educational interventions 68 Educational interventions for developmental coordination disorders 68 Psychotherapeutic interventions 69 Education of the individual and family 69 Individual therapy 69 Family therapy 69 Social skills training 70 Use of medications 70 Comparison of DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10 diagnostic criteria 70 Chapter 4 Childhood Disorders: Communication Disorders 71 Expressive and mixed expressive–receptive language disorders 71 Treatment 74 Phonological disorder 74 Diagnosis 74 Treatment 76 Stuttering 76 Diagnosis 76 Treatment 77 Communication disorder not otherwise specified 77 Comparison of DSM-IV/ICD-10 diagnostic criteria 77 Chapter 5 Childhood Disorders: The Pervasive Developmental Disorders 79 Autistic disorder 79 Diagnosis 80 Treatment 83 Asperger’s disorder 85 Diagnosis 85 Treatment 86 Childhood disintegrative disorder 86 Diagnosis 86 Treatment 87 Rett’s Disorder 87 Diagnosis 87 Treatment 89 Pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified 89 Diagnosis 89 Comparison of DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10 diagnostic criteria 89 Chapter 6 Childhood Disorders: Attention-Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders 91 Diagnosis 91 Definition and diagnostic/clinical features 91 Associated features and impairment 93 Assessment 93 Epidemiology 94 Comorbidity patterns 95 Course 95 Differential diagnosis 96 Treatment 97 Treatment goals 97 Somatic treatments 97 Psychosocial treatments 98 Comparing response to medication 99 Treatment algorithms and practice guidelines 101 Comparison of DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10 diagnostic criteria 102 Chapter 7 Childhood Disorders: Feeding and Related Disorders of Infancy or Early Childhood 103 Feeding disorder of infancy or early childhood 103 Diagnosis 103 Treatment 105 Rumination Disorder 106 Diagnosis 106 Treatment 107 Pica 108 Diagnosis 108 Treatment 109 Comparison of DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10 diagnostic criteria 109 Chapter 8 Childhood Disorders: Tic Disorders 111 Diagnosis 111 Diagnostic assessment 112 Course 113 Comorbidity 113 Differential diagnosis 114 Treatment 114 Psychoeducation 114 Treatment of co-occurring disorders 114 The suppression strategies 115 Clinically complex patients 116 Comparison of DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10 diagnostic criteria 116 Chapter 9 Childhood Disorders: Elimination Disorders and Childhood Anxiety Disorders 117 Enuresis 117 Definition 117 Course and natural history 117 Differential diagnosis 118 Assessment 119 Treatment 119 Assessment and management of diurnal enuresis 121 Encopresis 121 Definition 121 Course and natural history 121 Epidemiology 122 Differential diagnosis 122 Comorbidity 122 Treatment 123 Separation anxiety disorder 124 Definition 124 Natural history and course 124 Diagnosis and differential diagnosis 124 Treatment 125 Selective mutism 126 Definition 126 Epidemiology 126 Assessment 126 Treatment 127 Comparison of DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10 diagnostic criteria 127 Chapter 10 Stereotypic Movement Disorder and Reactive Attachment Disorder 129 Stereotypic movement disorder 129 Diagnosis 129 Treatment 130 Reactive attachment disorder 131 Diagnosis 131 Treatment 132 Comparison of DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10 diagnostic criteria 133 Chapter 11 Delirium, Dementia, and Other Cognitive Disorders 135 Delirium 135 Diagnosis 136 Course 137 Differential diagnosis 138 Delirium due to a general medical condition 138 Medication-induced delirium 139 Substance intoxication delirium 140 Substance withdrawal delirium 140 Delirium due to multiple etiologies 140 Treatment 141 Dementia 141 Diagnosis 142 Mental status examination 143 Physical and neurological examinations in dementia 144 Associated features 144 Course 145 Differential diagnosis 145 Treatment 146 Dementia of the Alzheimer’s Type (DAT) 148 Diagnosis 148 Laboratory and radiological findings 148 Treatment 149 Vascular Dementia 150 Treatment 151 Dementia due to other medical conditions 151 Dementia due to HIV disease 151 Dementia due to Pick’s disease 153 Dementia due to Parkinson’s disease 153 Dementia due to Huntington’s disease 154 Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis 154 Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease 154 Neurosyphilis 155 Dementia due to head trauma 155 Normal-pressure hydrocephalus 155 Wilson’s disease 155 Other medical conditions 156 Substance-induced persisting dementia 156 Diagnosis 156 Treatment 157 Dementia due to multiple etiologies 157 Amnestic disorders 157 Diagnosis 157 Differential diagnosis 158 Selected amnestic disorders 158 Treatment 159 Comparison of DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10 diagnostic criteria 159 Chapter 12 Mental Disorders Due to a General Medical Condition 161 Psychotic disorder due to a general medical condition 163 Diagnosis 163 Treatment 165 Mood disorder due to a general medical condition with depressive features 165 Diagnosis 165 Treatment 166 Mood disorder due to a general medical condition with manic features 166 Diagnosis 166 Treatment 168 Anxiety disorder due to a general medical condition with panic attacks or with generalized anxiety 168 Diagnosis 168 Treatment 169 Anxiety disorder due to a general medical condition with obsessive–compulsive symptoms 169 Diagnosis 169 Treatment 170 Catatonic disorder due to a general medical condition 170 Diagnosis 170 Differential diagnosis 171 Personality change due to a general medical condition 171 Diagnosis 171 Differential diagnosis 173 Treatment 174 Mental disorder not otherwise specified due to a general medical condition 174 Comparison of DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10 diagnostic criteria 174 Chapter 13 General Approaches to Substance and Polydrug Use Disorders 175 Substance dependence and abuse 175 Substance intoxication 176 Substance withdrawal 176 Diagnosis and assessment 177 Phenomenology and variations in presentation 177 Special issues in the psychiatric examination 177 Physical examination and laboratory findings 179 Differential diagnosis 179 Comorbidity patterns 179 Course and natural history 179 Treatment 179 Goals of treatment 179 Pharmacotherapy 180 Psychosocial treatments 180 Treatment of psychiatric comorbidity 180 Treatment-refractory patients 181 Other substance use disorders: anabolic steroids and nitrites 182 Comparison of DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10 diagnostic criteria 182 Chapter 14 Substance-Related Disorders: Alcohol 183 Alcohol dependence and abuse 183 Alcohol intoxication 184 Alcohol withdrawal 185 Alcohol-induced persisting amnestic disorder 185 Alcohol-induced persisting dementia 185 Alcohol-induced mood disorder 186 Alcohol-induced anxiety disorder 186 Alcohol-induced psychotic disorder 186 Alcohol-induced sleep disorder 186 Alcohol-induced sexual dysfunction 187 Assessment of alcohol use disorders 187 Screening 187 Psychiatric history and examination 187 Relevant physical examination and laboratory findings 188 Epidemiology 189 Psychiatric comorbidity 190 Course 190 Treatment 191 Treatment goals 191 The management of alcohol withdrawal 193 Therapeutic modalities: nonpharmacological 193 Therapeutic modalities: pharmacological 194 Alcoholics anonymous (AA) and mutual help organizations 195 Comparison of DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10 diagnostic criteria 196 Chapter 15 Substance-Related Disorders: Amphetamine 197 Diagnosis 197 Amphetamine dependence 197 Amphetamine abuse 197 Amphetamine intoxication 197 Amphetamine withdrawal 198 Epidemiology 199 Patterns and routes of use 199 Medical complications 199 Treatment 200 Treatment of ATS intoxication 201 Treatment of ATS withdrawal 201 Psychosocial treatments for ATS dependence 202 Pharmacotherapy for ATS dependence 202 Comparison of DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10 diagnostic criteria 202 Chapter 16 Substance-Related Disorders: Caffeine 203 Caffeine intoxication 203 Diagnosis 203 Assessment 203 Epidemiology 204 Comorbidity patterns 204 Course 204 Differential diagnosis 204 Treatment 205 Caffeine withdrawal 205 Diagnosis 205 Assessment 206 Comorbidity patterns 207 Course 207 Differential diagnosis 207 Treatment 207 Caffeine dependence 207 Diagnosis 207 Assessment 208 Course 208 Differential diagnosis 208 Treatment 208 Caffeine-induced anxiety disorder 209 Diagnosis 209 Treatment 209 Caffeine-induced sleep disorder 210 Diagnosis 210 Treatment 210 Comparison of DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10 diagnostic criteria 210 Chapter 17 Substance-Related Disorders: Cannabis 211 Cannabis intoxication 211 Cannabis abuse 212 Cannabis dependence 212 Cannabis Intoxication Delirium 212 Cannabis-induced psychotic disorder 213 Cannabis-Induced Anxiety Disorder 213 Treatment 213 Psychotherapy 213 Pharmacotherapy 213 Comparison of DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10 diagnostic criteria 213 Chapter 18 Substance-Related Disorders: Cocaine 215 Epidemiology 215 Natural history of use 215 Diagnosis 217 Cocaine abuse 217 Cocaine dependence 217 Cocaine intoxication 218 Cocaine withdrawal 218 Other cocaine-induced disorders 218 Medical complications 218 Course 219 Treatment 220 Psychosocial treatments 221 Clinician–patient relationship considerations 221 Pharmacotherapy 221 Common problems in management 222 Relapse to cocaine use 222 Diagnosis of other mental disorders 222 Comorbid substance use disorders 223 Premature treatment termination 223 Treatment refractoriness 223 Comparison of DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10 diagnostic criteria 223 Chapter 19 Substance-Related Disorders: Hallucinogens and MDMA 225 Hallucinogen intoxication 225 Diagnosis 225 Assessment 225 Differential diagnosis 226 Epidemiology 226 Comorbidity patterns 226 Course 226 Psychosocial factors 227 Treatment 227 Hallucinogen abuse 227 Diagnosis 227 Assessment 227 Epidemiology 227 Comorbidity 227 Course 227 Differential diagnosis 227 Treatment 227 LSD-related psychotic disorders 227 Diagnosis 227 Assessment 228 Epidemiology 228 Comorbidity patterns 228 Course 228 Differential diagnosis 228 Treatment 228 Hallucinogen persisting perception disorder (HPPD) 228 Diagnosis 228 Epidemiology 229 Comorbidity patterns 229 Course 229 Differential diagnosis 229 Treatment 229 MDMA (“Ecstasy”)-related disorders 229 Diagnosis 229 Comorbidity patterns 230 Course 230 Differential diagnosis 230 Acute positive psychological effects 230 Acute adverse psychological effects 230 Physical consequences of MDMA use 230 Social/environmental factors 231 Treatment 231 Comparison of DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10 diagnostic criteria 231 Chapter 20 Substance-Related Disorders: Inhalants 233 Epidemiology 234 Inhalant use disorders 234 Inhalant abuse 234 Inhalant dependence 235 Inhalant-induced disorders 235 Psychiatric disturbances associated with abuse of organic solvents 236 Presentations of Inhalant Abuse 236 Clinical manifestations after chronic abuse of inhalants 236 Neurological sequelae of chronic abuse of inhalants 237 Non-nervous-system toxicity of abuse of inhalants 238 Neonatal syndrome 238 Treatment 238 Comparison of DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10 diagnostic criteria 239 Chapter 21 Substance-Related Disorders: Nicotine 241 Diagnosis 241 Assessment 241 Epidemiology 243 Comorbidity patterns 243 Course 244 Differential diagnosis 244 Treatment 244 Treatment goals 244 Overall approach to treatment and phases of treatment 245 Psychiatric medication management issues with abstinence 246 Psychosocial treatments 247 Combined psychosocial and psychopharmacological therapies 248 Problems in management: repeated relapse 249 Special considerations in treatment 249 Comparison of DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10 diagnostic criteria 249 Chapter 22 Substance-Related Disorders: Opioids 251 Opioid-related disorders 251 Epidemiology of opioid abuse and dependence 252 Opioid intoxication 252 Opioid Withdrawal 253 Opioid Dependence 253 Opioid Abuse 254 Assessment and clinical picture 254 Physical examination 255 Laboratory findings 255 Differential diagnosis 255 Course 256 Treatment 256 Detoxification: long-term 256 Opioid agonist pharmacotherapy 257 Antagonist maintenance 258 Psychosocial/behavioral treatments 258 Addressing comorbidity 259 Harm reduction 260 Comparison of DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10 diagnostic criteria 260 Chapter 23 Substance-Related Disorders: Phencyclidine 261 Epidemiology 261 Tolerance and dependence 261 Diagnosis 262 Phenomenology and variations in presentation 262 Psychiatric presentation 262 Nonpsychiatric presentation 262 Assessment 263 Special issues in examination and history 263 Relevant physical examination and laboratory findings 263 Differential diagnosis 263 Course 264 Treatment 264 Treatment goals 264 Standard approaches to treatment 264 Somatic treatments 264 Comparison of DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10 diagnostic criteria 264 Chapter 24 Substance-Related Disorders: Sedatives 265 Sedative-, hypnotic-, and anxiolytic-related disorders 265 Sedative, hypnotics, anxiolytics and GABA receptors 265 Abuse and abuse potential 266 Barbiturates 267 Methaqualone 267 Benzodiazepines 267 Nonbenzodiazepine hypnotics 267 Polydrug use/abuse 268 Acute intoxication with sedatives 268 Dependence 268 Withdrawal 268 Iatrogenic dependence 268 Diagnosis and differential diagnosis 269 Psychiatric comorbidity 269 Types of withdrawal syndrome 269 High-dose withdrawal syndrome 269 Low-dose withdrawal syndrome 269 Protracted withdrawal syndrome 270 Evaluation 270 Drug use history 270 Comorbidity 271 Physical findings 271 Laboratory tests 271 Treatment 271 High-dose withdrawal 272 Psychosocial treatment 273 Comparison of DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10 diagnostic criteria 273 Chapter 25 Schizophrenia and Other Psychoses 275 Schizophrenia 275 Diagnosis 275 DSM-IV-TR subtypes of schizophrenia 276 Mental status examination in schizophrenia 277 Physical examination 281 Additional testing 281 Epidemiology 281 Differential diagnosis 282 Course 284 First episode schizophrenia 284 Treatment 285 Clinician–patient relationship 285 Psychopharmacological treatment 285 Acute treatment 288 Maintenance treatment 290 Depression and schizophrenia 291 Risks and side effects of FGAs 292 Side effects of SGAs 293 Treatment resistance and negative symptoms 294 Nonpharmacological treatment of schizophrenia 295 Combining pharmacological and psychosocial treatments 298 Self-directed treatment 298 Schizoaffective disorder 298 Diagnosis 298 Course 299 Differential diagnosis 300 Treatment 300 Brief psychotic disorder 301 Diagnosis 301 Course 302 Differential diagnosis 302 Treatment 302 Schizophreniform disorder 303 Diagnosis 303 Specifiers for prognostic features 303 Course 303 Differential diagnosis 304 Treatment 304 Delusional disorder 304 Subtypes 305 Course 306 Treatment 306 Shared psychotic disorder 307 Diagnosis 307 Course 307 Differential diagnosis 307 Treatment 308 Comparison of DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10 diagnostic criteria 308 Chapter 26 Mood Disorders: Depressive Disorders 309 Diagnosis 309 Comorbidity 311 Course 311 Subtypes and specifiers 311 Severity specifiers 312 Psychotic features 312 Catatonic features 312 Melancholic features 312 Atypical features 313 Seasonal pattern 313 Differential diagnosis 313 Gender-related differences 314 Depression in children and adolescents 314 Depression in the elderly 314 Treatment 314 Treatment goals: response recovery 314 Acute treatment 314 The role of therapeutic drug monitoring 316 Continuation and maintenance treatment 316 Continuation treatment 317 Prophylaxis of new episodes 317 Somatic treatments 318 Management of medication side effects 320 Treatment-emerging suicide and suicidality 322 Treatment-refractory depression 322 Psychopharmacological strategies in case of nonresponsiveness to antidepressant treatments 323 Nonpharmacological somatic treatments 326 Psychosocial treatments 327 Treatment of depression during pregnancy 329 Treatment of depression in children and adolescents 329 Treatment of depression in the elderly 330 Dysthymic Disorder 330 Diagnosis 330 Treatment 332 Comparison of DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10 diagnostic criteria 332 Chapter 27 Mood Disorders: Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder 333 Diagnostic features 333 Course 334 Differential diagnosis 334 Treatment 335 Somatic treatments 335 Lifestyle modifications and psychosocial treatments 337 Comparison of DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10 diagnostic criteria 338 Chapter 28 Mood Disorders: Bipolar Disorder 339 Diagnosis 339 Diagnosis of mood episodes 340 Additional specifiers: psychosis and rapid cycling 342 Assessment 343 Comorbidity 343 Course 343 Differential diagnosis 344 Treatment 345 Somatic treatments 345 Balancing risks and benefits of antidepressant treatment 349 Guiding principles for managing side effects 349 Psychosocial treatments 350 Treatment of bipolar disorder in childhood and adolescence 351 Treatment during pregnancy 351 Comparison of DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10 diagnostic criteria 351 Chapter 29 Anxiety Disorders: Panic Disorder With and Without Agoraphobia 353 Diagnosis 353 Assessment 354 Comorbidity patterns 355 Course 357 Differential diagnosis 357 Treatment 358 Treatment goals 358 Psychosocial treatments 358 Somatic treatments 360 Combined treatments 360 Comparison of DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10 diagnostic criteria 360 Chapter 30 Anxiety Disorders: Social and Specific Phobias 361 Diagnosis 362 Specific phobia phenomenology and subtypes 363 Social phobia phenomenology and subtypes 364 Behavioral tests 364 Comorbidity 365 Specific phobia 365 Social phobia 365 Course 365 Differential diagnosis 365 Treatment 367 Somatic treatments 367 Psychosocial treatments 372 Psychosocial vs. somatic treatments 373 Treatment-refractory patients 373 Comparison of DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10 diagnostic criteria 375 Chapter 31 Anxiety Disorders: Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder 377 Diagnosis 377 Comorbidity 380 Course 380 Differential diagnosis 381 Treatment 382 Somatic treatments 383 Assessing treatment resistance 385 Augmentation strategies 385 Psychosocial treatments 386 Neurosurgery 386 Comparison of DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10 diagnostic criteria 387 Chapter 32 Anxiety Disorders: Traumatic Stress Disorders 389 Posttraumatic stress disorder 389 Diagnosis 389 Epidemiology 391 Comorbidity patterns 391 Course 392 Differential diagnosis 392 Treatment 393 Acute stress disorder 398 Diagnosis 398 Epidemiology 398 Course 399 Differential diagnosis 399 Treatment 399 Comparison of DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10 diagnostic criteria 401 Chapter 33 Anxiety Disorders: Generalized Anxiety Disorder 403 Diagnosis 403 Comorbidity 404 Course 405 Differential diagnosis 405 Treatment 407 Somatic therapies 409 Psychosocial treatments 411 Comparison of DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10 diagnostic criteria 412 Chapter 34 Somatoform Disorders 413 Differential diagnosis 413 Differentiation among the various somatoform disorders 415 Treatment 415 Somatization disorder 415 Definition and diagnostic features 415 Course 417 Differential diagnosis 419 Treatment 422 Undifferentiated somatoform disorder 423 Definition and diagnostic features 423 Course 424 Differential diagnosis 424 Treatment 425 Conversion disorder 425 Diagnosis 425 Course 426 Differential diagnosis 426 Treatment 427 Pain disorder 428 Diagnosis 428 Course 429 Differential diagnosis 429 Treatment 430 Hypochondriasis 432 Diagnosis 432 Course 432 Differential diagnosis 432 Treatment 433 Body dysmorphic disorder 434 Diagnosis 434 Course 435 Differential diagnosis 435 Treatment 436 Somatoform disorder not otherwise specified 437 Diagnosis 437 Differential diagnosis 437 Comparison of DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10 diagnostic criteria 438 Chapter 35 Factitious Disorders 439 Factitious disorder 439 Diagnosis 439 Assessment 440 Comorbidity patterns 441 Course 441 Differential diagnosis 441 Treatment 441 Factitious disorder by proxy 444 Diagnosis 444 Assessment 444 Comorbidity patterns 444 Course 444 Differential diagnosis 444 Treatment 445 Comparison of DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10 diagnostic criteria 445 Chapter 36 Dissociative Disorders 447 Dissociative amnesia 447 Treatment 448 Dissociative fugue 449 Treatment 449 Depersonalization disorder 450 Treatment 450 Dissociative identity disorder (multiple personality disorder) 451 Course 451 Comorbidity 451 Treatment 452 Comparison of DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10 diagnostic criteria 454 Chapter 37 Sexual Disorders 455 The components of sexuality 455 The sexual dysfunctions 455 Sexual desire disorders 455 Differential diagnosis 456 Treatment 457 Problems with sexual arousal 458 Female sexual arousal disorder (FSAD) 458 Male erectile disorder (ED) 459 Treatment 459 Problems with orgasm 460 Female orgasmic disorder 460 Male orgasmic disorder 461 Premature ejaculation 462 Sexual pain disorders 463 Dyspareunia 463 Vaginismus 464 Sexual dysfunction not otherwise specified 464 Gender identity disorder 465 Diagnosis 465 Gender identity disorder not otherwise specified (GIDNOS) 467 Treatment 467 The Paraphilias 468 Diagnosis 468 Criminal sex offending behaviors 468 Treatment 470 Sexual dysfunction due to a general medical condition 471 Substance-induced sexual dysfunction 471 Sexual disorder not otherwise specified 471 Comparison of DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10 diagnostic criteria 472 Chapter 38 Eating Disorders 473 Anorexia nervosa 473 Diagnosis 473 Assessment 475 Epidemiology 475 Comorbidity patterns 476 Course 476 Differential diagnosis 476 Treatment 477 Bulimia nervosa 479 Definition 479 Assessment 480 Comorbidity patterns 480 Course 480 Natural history 481 Differential diagnosis 481 Treatment 481 Comparison of DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10 diagnostic criteria 482 Chapter 39 Sleep and Sleep–Wake Disorders 483 General approach to the patient with a sleep disorder 483 Role of the sleep laboratory in clinical sleep disorders 484 Primary insomnia 484 Diagnosis 484 Assessment 486 Treatment 486 Primary hypersomnia 489 Diagnosis 489 Assessment 489 Differential diagnosis 490 Treatment 490 Narcolepsy 490 Diagnosis 490 Course 491 Differential diagnosis 491 Treatment 491 Breathing-related sleep disorder 491 Diagnosis 491 Comorbidity patterns 493 Course 493 Differential diagnosis 493 Treatment 494 Circadian rhythm sleep disorder (sleep–wake schedule disorders) 494 Diagnosis 494 Delayed sleep phase type 495 Shift work type 495 Jet lag type 496 Parasomnias 496 Nightmare disorder 497 Sleep terror disorder 497 Sleepwalking disorder 498 Sleep disorders related to another mental disorder 499 Causality of sleep disturbances in mental disorders: “chicken or egg?” 499 Treatment 500 Sleep disorders due to a general medical condition 500 Substance-induced sleep disorder 501 Alcohol 502 Nicotine 502 Amphetamines and cocaine 502 Caffeine 502 Opiates 502 Sedatives, hypnotics, and anxiolytics 502 Other substances 503 Comparison of DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10 diagnostic criteria 503 Chapter 40 Impulse Control Disorders 505 Intermittent explosive disorder 505 Diagnosis 505 Assessment 507 Epidemiology 507 Differential diagnosis 508 Treatment 509 Kleptomania 510 Diagnosis 510 Assessment 510 Course 511 Treatment 511 Pyromania and fire-setting behavior 512 Diagnosis 512 Assessment 512 Epidemiology 512 Comorbidity patterns 512 Course 513 Differential diagnosis 513 Treatment 513 Pathological gambling 513 Assessment 513 Epidemiology 514 Comorbidity patterns 514 Course 514 Differential diagnosis 514 Treatment 514 Trichotillomania 515 Diagnosis 515 Assessment 516 Epidemiology 516 Course 516 Differential diagnosis 516 Treatment 517 Comparison of DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10 diagnostic criteria 518 Chapter 41 Adjustment Disorders 519 Diagnosis 519 Course 520 Treatment 521 Psychosocial treatments 521 Pharmacological treatments 522 Comparison of DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10 diagnostic criteria 522 Chapter 42 Personality Disorders 523 Personality disorder 523 Definition 523 Cultural biases in diagnosis 523 Comorbidity 524 Course 524 Treatment 524 The DSM-IV-TR personality disorders 525 Paranoid personality disorder (PPD) 525 Definition 525 Differential diagnosis 525 Course 525 Treatment 526 Schizoid personality disorder (SZPD) 527 Definition 527 Differential diagnosis 527 Course 527 Treatment 527 Schizotypal personality disorder (STPD) 528 Definition 528 Differential diagnosis 528 Course 529 Treatment 529 Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) 529 Definition 529 Differential diagnosis 530 Course 530 Treatment 530 Borderline personality disorder (BPD) 531 Definition 531 Course 531 Treatment 532 Histrionic personality disorder (HPD) 533 Definition 533 Differential diagnosis 533 Course 533 Treatment 533 Narcissistic personality disorder (NPD) 534 Definition 534 Differential diagnosis 534 Course 534 Treatment 535 Avoidant personality disorder (AVPD) 535 Definition 535 Differential diagnosis 535 Course 536 Treatment 536 Dependent personality disorder (DPD) 537 Definition 537 Differential diagnosis 537 Course 537 Treatment 538 Obsessive–compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) 538 Definition 538 Differential diagnosis 538 Course 539 Treatment 539 Personality disorder not otherwise specified 539 Comparison of DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10 diagnostic criteria 540 Index 541 Two key challenges face mental health practitioners: making the correct psychiatric diagnosis and choosing the most appropriate treatment option. This book aims to help with both. Clinical Guide to the Diagnosis and Treatment of Mental Disorders - Second Edition combines clinically-relevant information about each of the DSM-IV-TR diagnoses with clear, detailed information on treatment options, giving full clinical management advice. Once again, the editors, both leading psychiatrists, have condensed the chapters on Disorders from Tasman et al’s acclaimed two volume textbook of Psychiatry (now in its Third Edition), retaining only the content they deem particularly relevant to the clinician for ease of use.Each disorder is discussed under the headings of Diagnosis (including Assessment Issues, Comorbidity, Course, and Differential Diagnosis, giving diagnostic decision trees where relevant) and Treatment (listing all therapeutic options, giving practical advice for patient management, summarising treatment specifics with tables and treatment flowcharts).The original edition established itself as the first point of reference for any clinician or mental health practitioner needing expert advice on therapeutic options for any psychiatric disorder. This edition features an additional chapter on the psychiatric interview and assessment of mental status to increase its utility.It echoes the progress in psychiatry regarding the establishment of an evidenced-based model of taxonomy, diagnosis, etiology, and treatment. Indeed, from a psychologist's perspective, the equal consideration provided to empirically supported psychosocial treatments versus somatic treatment is a significant development in the field of psychiatry.Jonathan Weinand in PsycCritiques, the American Psychological Association Review of Books