Clinical Atlas of Small Animal Cytology and Hematology, 2e

Clinical Atlas of Small Animal Cytology and Hematology A comprehensive image-based reference to all aspects of small animal cytology and hematology, including sample collection and handling Clinical Atlas of Small Animal Cytology and Hematology, Second Edition is an essential, comprehensive resource for all veterinary professionals preparing and evaluating cytology and blood samples. Featuring hundreds of large, high-quality images, this fully updated new edition provides an even more extensive collection of exceptional photomicrographs, accompanied by detailed descriptions, figure legends and annotations to guide readers through the diagnostic process. The Second Edition adds an extensive new hematology section, new chapters detailing sample acquisition and preparation, and many new diseases across all chapters. Each section provides a detailed description of the microscopic appearance, clinical considerations, and prognosis for each disease, using a bullet point format to promote rapid review for efficient, evidence-based clinical decision making. Clinical Atlas of Small Animal Cytology and Hematology features: More than 750 high-quality cytology and hematology images 6 new chapters, including detailed sections on sample acquisition and the preparation and staining of cytology and hematology slides A comprehensive hematology section including an easy-to-follow blood smear interpretation guide, and detailed chapters describing erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets and background features Updated cytology sections with new diseases and images in all chapters Easy to use, with superior quality images and detailed yet succinct clinical information, Clinical Atlas of Small Animal Cytology and Hematology is a powerful resource to help improve confidence and skill in the interpretation of cytology and hematology samples, and in turn positively impact patient care and outcomes. Cover Title Page Copyright Page Dedication Page Contents Preface Acknowledgments Chapter 1 Cytology Sampling and Preparation 1.1 Cytology 1.2 Sample Collection and Preparation 1.2.1 Selecting Lesions for Cytology 1.2.2 Preparing the Site 1.2.3 Sampling Techniques and Slide Preparation 1.3 Sample Staining 1.3.1 Rapid Romanowsky-type Stains 1.3.2 Stain Care and Quality Assurance 1.4 Sample Handling and Storage References Chapter 2 Cytologic Analysis of Cells 2.1 Approach to Cytology Samples 2.2 Sample Quality and Background 2.2.1 Artifacts and Incidental Findings 2.3 Cell Types 2.3.1 Inflammatory Cells 2.3.2 Tissue Cells 2.4 Cell Shape, Distribution, and Features 2.4.1 Epithelial Cells 2.4.2 Mesenchymal Cells 2.4.3 Round Cells 2.5 Benign Versus Malignant 2.5.1 Mitotic Figures References Chapter 3 Infectious Agents 3.1 Fungi 3.1.1 Cryptococcus 3.1.2 Histoplasma capsulatum 3.1.3 Sporothrix spp. 3.1.4 Dermatophytes 3.1.5 Blastomyces dermatitidis 3.1.6 Coccidioides 3.1.7 Candida 3.1.8 Pneumocystis 3.1.9 Malassezia 3.1.10 Cyniclomyces 3.1.11 Penicillium spp. 3.1.12 Aspergillus 3.1.13 Phaeohyphomycosis 3.2 Oomycetes 3.2.1 Pythium insidiosum 3.3 Algae 3.3.1 Prototheca 3.3.2 Diatoms 3.4 Mesomycetozoea 3.4.1 Rhinosporidium seeberi 3.5 Protozoa 3.5.1 Neospora caninum 3.5.2 Toxoplasma gondii 3.5.3 Leishmania 3.5.4 Cytauxzoon felis 3.5.5 Giardia 3.5.6 Trichomoniasis 3.5.7 Blastocystis 3.5.8 Cryptosporidium 3.5.9 Hepatozoon spp. 3.6 Helminths 3.6.1 Mesocestoides 3.6.2 Filaroides hirthi 3.6.3 Aelurostrongylus abstrusus 3.6.4 Dracunculus 3.6.5 Paragonimus 3.7 Bacteria 3.7.1 Mycobacteria 3.7.2 Actinomyces/Nocardia 3.7.3 Bordetella bronchiseptica 3.7.4 Rickettsial Bacteria 3.7.5 Clostridium spp. 3.7.6 Campylobacter spp. 3.7.7 Helicobacter spp. 3.7.8 Simonsiella-like Bacteria 3.8 Ectoparasites 3.8.1 Myiasis 3.8.2 Demodex spp. 3.8.3 Sarcoptes scabiei 3.8.4 Otodectes cynotis References Chapter 4 Integument 4.1 Cutaneous and Subcutaneous Lesions 4.1.1 Mast Cell Tumor: Dog 4.1.2 Mast Cell Tumor: Cat 4.1.3 Histiocytoma 4.1.4 Histiocytic Sarcoma 4.1.5 Cutaneous Lymphoma 4.1.6 Merkel Cell Carcinoma 4.1.7 Cutaneous Extramedullary Plasmacytoma 4.1.8 Transmissible Venereal Tumor (TVT) 4.1.9 Melanomas 4.1.10 Benign Melanoma (Melanocytoma) 4.1.11 Malignant Melanoma 4.1.12 Infundibular/Epidermal Cysts 4.1.13 Cutaneous Basilar Epithelial Neoplasia 4.1.14 Basal Cell Carcinoma 4.1.15 Sweat Gland Adenomas 4.1.16 Sweat Gland Adenocarcinomas 4.1.17 Sebaceous Adenoma 4.1.18 Sebaceous Epithelioma 4.1.19 Sebaceous Carcinoma 4.1.20 Cutaneous Metastatic Carcinoma 4.1.21 Squamous Papilloma 4.1.22 Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) 4.1.23 Perianal Gland Adenoma 4.1.24 Perianal Gland Adenocarcinoma 4.1.25 Anal Sac Apocrine Gland Adenocarcinoma 4.1.26 Clear Cell Adnexal Carcinoma 4.1.27 Reactive Fibroplasia 4.1.28 Fibroma 4.1.29 Fibrosarcoma 4.1.30 Keloidal Fibroma/Fibrosarcoma 4.1.31 Soft-tissue Sarcoma 4.1.32 Hemangioma 4.1.33 Hemangiosarcoma (Cutaneous) 4.1.34 Myxoma 4.1.35 Myxosarcoma 4.1.36 Anaplastic Sarcoma with Giant Cells 4.1.37 Lipoma 4.1.38 Liposarcoma 4.1.39 Xanthoma 4.1.40 Reactive Fibrohistiocytic Nodule 4.1.41 Canine Sterile Nodular Panniculitis 4.1.42 Panniculitis/Steatitis 4.1.43 Granulomatous/Pyogranulomatous Inflammation 4.1.44 Vaccination Reaction 4.1.45 Abscess 4.1.46 Seroma/Hygroma 4.1.47 Calcinosis Circumscripta 4.1.48 Calcinosis Cutis 4.1.49 Hypersensitivity Reaction 4.1.50 Eosinophilic Granuloma/Inflammatory Disease 4.1.51 Pemphigus Foliaceus References Chapter 5 Hemolymphatic 5.1 Lymph Nodes 5.1.1 Normal 5.1.2 Reactive Lymphoid Hyperplasia 5.1.3 Neutrophilic Lymphadenitis 5.1.4 Eosinophilic Lymphadenitis 5.1.5 Infectious Organisms 5.1.6 Salmon Poisoning Disease 5.1.7 Lymphoma (Large-cell) 5.1.8 Lymphoma (Small-cell) 5.1.9 Specific Lymphoma Types 5.1.10 Lymphoma (Lymphoblastic) 5.1.11 Lymphoma (Mott Cell Differentiation) 5.1.12 Lymphoma (Hodgkin’s-like) 5.1.13 Leukemia 5.1.14 Metastatic Disease 5.2 Spleen 5.2.1 Normal 5.2.2 Hyperplasia 5.2.3 Extramedullary Hematopoiesis 5.2.4 Myelolipoma 5.2.5 Hemangiosarcoma 5.2.6 Lymphoma (Large-cell) 5.2.7 Lymphoma (Marginal Zone) 5.2.8 Lymphoma (Hepatosplenic) 5.2.9 Acute Leukemias 5.2.10 Lymphoma (Small-cell)/Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia 5.2.11 Multiple Myeloma 5.2.12 Histiocytic Sarcoma 5.2.13 Hemophagocytic Histiocytic Sarcoma 5.2.14 Feline Visceral Mast Cell Neoplasia 5.2.15 Metastatic Disease 5.2.16 Amyloid 5.2.17 Hemophagocytic Syndrome 5.2.18 Infectious Organisms 5.3 Thymus 5.3.1 Thymoma 5.3.2 Thymic Carcinoma 5.3.3 Thymic (Mediastinal) Lymphoma 5.3.4 Thymic Branchial Cyst 5.4 Bone Marrow 5.4.1 Normal 5.4.2 Acute Myeloid Leukemia 5.4.3 Acute Granulocytic/Monocytic Leukemia 5.4.4 Acute Erythroid Leukemia 5.4.5 Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia 5.4.6 Acute Lymphoid Leukemia 5.4.7 Lymphoma (Large-cell) 5.4.8 Granulocytic Hyperplasia 5.4.9 Erythroid Hyperplasia 5.4.10 Hemophagocytosis 5.4.11 Hemophagocytic Histiocytic Sarcoma 5.4.12 Histiocytic Sarcoma 5.4.13 Inflammation/Infection 5.4.14 Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia 5.4.15 Multiple Myeloma 5.4.16 Metastatic Disease 5.4.17 Marrow Hypoplasia/Aplasia References Chapter 6 Body Cavity Fluids 6.1 General Classification 6.1.1 Low Protein Transudate 6.1.2 High Protein Transudate 6.1.3 Exudate 6.1.4 Exudate: Septic 6.1.5 Exudate: Sterile (Neutrophilic) 6.1.6 Exudate: Sterile (Eosinophilic) 6.1.7 Exudate: High Protein 6.2 Specific Effusions 6.2.1 Bile Peritonitis 6.2.2 White Bile Peritonitis 6.2.3 Chylous Effusion 6.2.4 Lymphocyte-rich Effusion 6.2.5 Uroabdomen 6.2.6 Hemorrhagic Effusion 6.2.7 Reactive Mesothelial Hyperplasia 6.2.8 Neoplastic Effusion: Mesothelioma 6.2.9 Neoplastic Effusion: Carcinoma 6.2.10 Neoplastic Effusion: Lymphoma 6.2.11 Neoplastic Effusion: Histiocytic Sarcoma 6.2.12 Neoplastic Effusion: Mast Cell Neoplasia References Chapter 7 Musculoskeletal 7.1 Bone 7.1.1 Osteoma 7.1.2 Osteosarcoma 7.1.3 Chondrosarcoma 7.1.4 Multilobular Osteochondrosarcoma 7.1.5 Hemangiosarcoma 7.1.6 Fibrosarcoma 7.1.7 Histiocytic Sarcoma 7.1.8 Multiple Myeloma 7.1.9 Metastatic Neoplasia to Bone 7.1.10 Osteomyelitis 7.2 Joints 7.2.1 Normal Synovial Fluid 7.2.2 Mononuclear Reactivity/Inflammation 7.2.3 Neutrophilic Inflammation (Bacterial Sepsis) 7.2.4 Neutrophilic Inflammation (Rickettsial Sepsis) 7.2.5 Neutrophilic Inflammation (Noninfectious) 7.2.6 Systemic Lupus Erythematosus 7.2.7 Metastatic Neoplasia 7.2.8 Hemarthrosis 7.2.9 Synovial Cyst 7.2.10 Synovial Cell Sarcoma 7.2.11 Histiocytic Sarcoma (Periarticular) 7.3 Muscle 7.3.1 Rhabdomyoma 7.3.2 Rhabdomyosarcoma 7.3.3 Leiomyoma 7.3.4 Leiomyosarcoma References Chapter 8 Hepatobiliary 8.1 Liver 8.1.1 Normal Hepatocytes 8.1.2 Vacuolar Hepatopathy (Non-lipid) 8.1.3 Vacuolar Hepatopathy (Lipid) 8.1.4 Nodular Hyperplasia 8.1.5 Hepatoma 8.1.6 Hepatocellular Carcinomas 8.1.7 Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Well-differentiated) 8.1.8 Hepatocellular Carcinoma (High-grade) 8.1.9 Carcinoid (Hepatic) 8.1.10 Metastatic Neoplasia 8.1.11 Lymphoma (Large-cell) 8.1.12 Lymphoma (Small-cell)/Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia 8.1.13 Inflammation: Lymphoplasmacytic 8.1.14 Inflammation: Neutrophilic 8.1.15 Lipofuscin Pigment 8.1.16 Cholestasis/Bilirubin Pigment 8.1.17 Hemosiderin Pigment 8.1.18 Copper Accumulation 8.1.19 Amyloid 8.2 Biliary Tract 8.2.1 Biliary Hyperplasia 8.2.2 Bile Duct Adenoma/Biliary Cystadenoma 8.2.3 Bile Duct Carcinoma (Cholangiocarcinoma) 8.2.4 Cholecystitis References Chapter 9 Digestive System 9.1 Salivary Glands 9.1.1 Salivary Gland (Normal) 9.1.2 Salivary Gland Adenoma 9.1.3 Salivary Gland Adenocarcinoma 9.1.4 Sialocele (Salivary Mucocele) 9.1.5 Sialadenitis 9.2 Stomach/Intestines 9.2.1 Inflammation 9.2.2 Lymphoma (Small-cell) 9.2.3 Lymphoma (Large-cell) 9.2.4 Plasmacytoma 9.2.5 Mast Cell Neoplasia 9.2.6 Adenoma/Polyp 9.2.7 Adenocarcinoma 9.2.8 Carcinoid (Intestinal) 9.2.9 Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor 9.2.10 Leiomyosarcoma 9.2.11 Feline Gastrointestinal Eosinophilic Sclerosing Fibroplasia 9.3 Feces 9.3.1 Normal 9.3.2 Inflammation/Infection 9.3.3 Parasite Ova: Roundworm 9.3.4 Parasite Ova: Hookworm 9.3.5 Parasite Ova: Whipworm 9.3.6 Parasite Ova: Tapeworm 9.3.7 Parasite Ova: Coccidia 9.4 Pancreas 9.4.1 Pancreatic Nodular Hyperplasia 9.4.2 Pancreatic Adenoma 9.4.3 Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: Well-differentiated 9.4.4 Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: Poorly Differentiated 9.4.5 Insulinoma (Pancreatic Beta Islet Cell Tumors) 9.4.6 Gastrinoma 9.4.7 Non-epithelial Neoplasia 9.4.8 Pancreatitis 9.4.9 Pancreatic Abscess 9.4.10 Pancreatic Cyst References Chapter 10 Urinary 10.1 Kidney 10.1.1 Normal 10.1.2 Pyelonephritis 10.1.3 Renal Carcinomas 10.1.4 Nephroblastoma 10.1.5 Lymphoma 10.1.6 Renal Sarcomas 10.1.7 Renal Cysts 10.2 Bladder 10.2.1 Hyperplastic Epithelium 10.2.2 Papilloma/Polyp 10.2.3 Transitional Cell Carcinoma 10.2.4 Lymphoma 10.2.5 Other Neoplasms 10.3 Urine 10.3.1 Normal/Hyperplastic Epithelium 10.3.2 Neoplastic Epithelium 10.3.3 Inflammation/Infection 10.3.4 Capillaria plica 10.4 Urinary Crystals 10.4.1 Struvite 10.4.2 Calcium Oxalate Dihydrate 10.4.3 Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate 10.4.4 Ammonium Urate 10.4.5 Uric Acid 10.4.6 Cystine 10.4.7 Bilirubin 10.5 Urinary Casts 10.5.1 Hyaline 10.5.2 Granular 10.5.3 Waxy 10.5.4 Cellular 10.5.5 Fatty References Chapter 11 Respiratory 11.1 Nasal Cavity 11.1.1 Inflammation (Septic) 11.1.2 Inflammation: Lymphoplasmacytic Rhinitis 11.1.3 Extramedullary Plasmacytoma 11.1.4 Normal/Hyperplastic Epithelium 11.1.5 Nasal Adenocarcinoma 11.1.6 Nasal Lymphoma 11.1.7 Squamous Cell Carcinoma 11.1.8 Chondrosarcoma 11.1.9 Fibrosarcoma 11.1.10 Other Neoplasms 11.2 Lung 11.2.1 Hyperplastic Epithelium 11.2.2 Carcinoma (Bronchoalveolar and Adenocarcinoma) 11.2.3 Squamous Cell Carcinoma 11.2.4 Histiocytic Sarcoma 11.2.5 Inflammation/Infection 11.3 Bronchoalveolar Lavage/Transtracheal Wash 11.3.1 Normal/Hyperplastic Airway Epithelium 11.3.2 Oropharyngeal Contamination 11.3.3 Mucus and Curschmanns Spirals 11.3.4 Inflammation (Neutrophilic) 11.3.5 Infectious Agents 11.3.6 Inflammation (Eosinophilic) 11.3.7 Inflammation (Mononuclear) 11.3.8 Inflammation (Lymphocytic) 11.3.9 Hemorrhage 11.3.10 Foreign Material 11.3.11 Neoplasia References Chapter 12 Endocrine 12.1 Thyroid 12.1.1 Thyroid Adenoma 12.1.2 Thyroid Adenocarcinoma 12.1.3 Thyroid C Cell (Medullary) Carcinoma 12.2 Parathyroid 12.2.1 Parathyroid Adenoma 12.2.2 Parathyroid Carcinoma 12.3 Chemoreceptor Tumors 12.3.1 Chemodectomas 12.4 Adrenal Gland 12.4.1 Adrenocortical Adenoma 12.4.2 Adrenocortical Carcinoma 12.4.3 Pheochromocytoma 12.5 Pituitary Gland 12.5.1 Pituitary Carcinoma References Chapter 13 Reproductive Male 13.1 Testes 13.1.1 Normal Testicle 13.1.2 Seminoma 13.1.3 Sertoli Cell Tumor 13.1.4 Interstitial Cell Tumor (Leydig Cell Tumor) 13.1.5 Orchitis 13.2 SemenAnalysis 13.2.1 Sperm Morphology 13.3 Prostate 13.3.1 Prostatic Hyperplasia 13.3.2 Prostatic Adenocarcinoma 13.3.3 Prostatic Urothelial Carcinoma 13.3.4 Prostate: Squamous Metaplasia 13.3.5 Prostatic Cyst 13.3.6 Septic Prostatitis 13.4 Penis Female 13.5 Ovary 13.5.1 Dysgerminoma 13.5.2 Granulosa Cell Tumor 13.5.3 Ovarian Adenoma 13.5.4 Ovarian Adenocarcinoma 13.5.5 Teratoma 13.6 MammaryGlands 13.6.1 Benign Mammary Tumors 13.6.2 Malignant Mammary Tumors 13.6.3 Complex/Mixed Mammary Gland Tumors 13.6.4 Mastitis 13.7 VaginalCytology 13.7.1 Anestrus 13.7.2 Proestrus 13.7.3 Estrus 13.7.4 Diestrus 13.7.5 Vaginitis/Metritis 13.7.6 Neoplasia 13.7.7 Clitoral Adenocarcinoma References Chapter 14 Neurologic 14.1 Brain 14.1.1 Meningioma 14.1.2 Astrocytoma 14.1.3 Oligodendroglioma 14.1.4 Lymphoma 14.1.5 Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumors 14.1.6 Histiocytic Sarcoma 14.1.7 Choroid Plexus Papilloma 14.1.8 Choroid Plexus Carcinoma 14.1.9 Ependymoma 14.1.10 Encephalitis 14.2 Cerebrospinal Fluid 14.2.1 Normal CSF 14.2.2 Intervertebral Disc Material 14.2.3 Myelin-like Material 14.2.4 Surface Epithelial Cells 14.2.5 Neutrophilic Inflammation 14.2.6 Eosinophilic Inflammation 14.2.7 Lymphocytic Inflammation 14.2.8 Mononuclear Inflammation 14.2.9 Mononuclear Reactivity 14.2.10 Mixed Inflammation 14.2.11 Hemorrhage 14.2.12 Granulomatous Meningoencephalitis 14.2.13 Feline Infectious Peritonitis 14.2.14 Septic Meningitis 14.2.15 Lymphoma 14.2.16 Histiocytic Sarcoma 14.2.17 Choroid Plexus Carcinoma 14.2.18 Mast Cell Neoplasia 14.3 Spinal Cord 14.3.1 Spinal Cord Nephroblastoma 14.3.2 Nerve-sheath Tumor 14.3.3 Other Neoplasms References Chapter 15 Ocular and Special Senses 15.1 Eyes: Cornea 15.1.1 Normal Epithelium 15.1.2 Epithelial Hyperplasia/Dysplasia 15.1.3 Squamous Cell Carcinoma 15.1.4 Bacterial Keratitis 15.1.5 Fungal Keratitis 15.1.6 Eosinophilic Keratitis 15.1.7 Chronic Superficial Keratitis 15.1.8 Pigmentary Keratitis 15.2 Eyes: Conjunctiva 15.2.1 Inflammation 15.2.2 Mastocytic conjunctivitis 15.2.3 Neoplasia 15.2.4 Conjunctival Lymphoma 15.3 Ears 15.3.1 Ceruminous Gland Adenoma 15.3.2 Ceruminous Gland Adenocarcinoma 15.3.3 Otitis Externa (Bacterial) 15.3.4 Otitis Externa (Fungal) 15.3.5 Otitis Externa (Parasitic) References Chapter 16 Blood Smear Preparation and Evaluation 16.1 The Importance of Blood Smear Evaluation 16.2 Making a Blood Smear 16.3 Blood Smear Staining and Handling 16.3.1 Rapid Romanowsky-type Stains 16.3.2 New Methylene Blue 16.3.3 Stain Care and Quality Assurance 16.3.4 Slide Handling 16.4 Blood Smear Evaluation 16.4.1 Approach to Blood Smear Evaluation 16.4.2 Important Considerations 16.5 Hematology Procedures and Techniques 16.5.1 Saline Agglutination Test 16.5.2 Buffy Coat References Chapter 17 Erythrocytes 17.1 Approach to Evaluating Red Blood Cells 17.2 Red Blood Cell Distribution 17.2.1 Anemia 17.2.2 Erythrocytosis 17.2.3 Agglutination 17.2.4 Rouleaux Formation 17.3 Red Blood Cell Morphology 17.3.1 Normal Erythrocytes 17.3.2 Polychromatophils and Reticulocytes 17.3.3 Nucleated Red Blood Cells 17.3.4 Hypochromatophils 17.3.5 Anisocytosis 17.3.6 Poikilocytes 17.3.7 Spherocytes 17.3.8 Echinocytes 17.3.9 Acanthocytes 17.3.10 Schistocytes 17.3.11 Keratocytes and Blister Cells 17.3.12 Eccentrocytes 17.3.13 Pyknocytes 17.3.14 Elliptocytes (Ovalocytes) 17.3.15 Codocytes (Target Cells) 17.3.16 Dacryocytes 17.3.17 Stomatocytes 17.3.18 Ghost Cells 17.3.19 Torocytes 17.3.20 Hemoglobin crystals 17.4 Red Blood Cell Inclusions 17.4.1 Basophilic Stippling 17.4.2 Siderotic Inclusions 17.4.3 Heinz Bodies 17.4.4 Howell-Jolly Bodies 17.4.5 Red Blood Cell Artifacts 17.5 Red Blood Cell Neoplasia 17.5.1 Primary Erythrocytosis 17.5.2 Erythroleukemia 17.6 Red Blood Cell Infectious Agents 17.6.1 Mycoplasma spp. 17.6.2 Distemper 17.6.3 Cytauxzoon felis 17.6.4 Babesia spp. References Chapter 18 Leukocytes 18.1 Approach to Evaluating Leukocytes 18.2 Neutrophils 18.2.1 Normal Neutrophils 18.2.2 Hypersegmented Neutrophils 18.2.3 Immature Neutrophils 18.2.4 Pelger-Huët Anomaly 18.2.5 Toxic Neutrophils 18.3 Neutrophil Inclusions 18.3.1 Lysosomal Storage Disease 18.3.2 Neutrophil Granules in Cats 18.3.3 Mast Cell Granules 18.3.4 Sideroleukocytes 18.3.5 Green-blue Neutrophil Inclusions 18.3.6 May-Hegglin Anomaly 18.4 Eosinophils 18.4.1 Normal Eosinophils 18.4.2 Gray Eosinophils 18.5 Basophils 18.5.1 Normal Basophils 18.6 Mast Cells 18.6.1 Mast Cells 18.7 Monocytes 18.7.1 Normal Monocytes 18.7.2 Reactive Monocytes 18.8 Lymphocytes 18.8.1 Normal Lymphocytes 18.8.2 Reactive Lymphocytes 18.8.3 Granular Lymphocytes 18.9 Leukocyte Neoplasia 18.9.1 Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia 18.9.2 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia 18.9.3 Large Cell Lymphomas 18.9.4 Acute Myeloid Leukemias 18.9.5 Chronic Myeloid Leukemias 18.10 Leukocyte Infectious Agents 18.10.1 Bacteria 18.10.2 Viral Inclusions 18.10.3 Fungi 18.10.4 Protozoa References Chapter 19 Platelets 19.1 Approach to Evaluating Platelets 19.2 Platelet Distribution 19.2.1 Platelet Clumping 19.2.2 Thrombocytopenia 19.2.3 Thrombocytosis 19.3 Platelet Morphology 19.3.1 Normal Platelets 19.3.2 Macroplatelets 19.3.3 Activated Platelets 19.3.4 Hypogranular Platelets 19.3.5 Vacuolated Platelets 19.4 Platelet Neoplasia 19.4.1 Primary Thrombocytosis 19.4.2 Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia 19.5 Platelet Infectious Agents 19.5.1 Anaplasma platys References Chapter 20 Background Features and Miscellaneous Cells 20.1 Approach to Blood Smear Background Features 20.2 Acellular Elements 20.2.1 Stain Precipitation 20.2.2 Cryoglobulin 20.3 Miscellaneous Cells 20.3.1 Megakaryocytes 20.3.2 Macrophages 20.3.3 Plasma Cells 20.3.4 Apoptotic Cells 20.3.5 Ruptured Cells 20.3.6 Mitotic Cells 20.4 Infectious Agents 20.4.1 Microfilariae 20.4.2 Bacteria 20.4.3 Protozoa References Index EULA "Clinical Atlas of Small Animal Cytology and Hematology, Second Edition is an essential, comprehensive resource for all veterinary professionals preparing and evaluating cytology and blood samples. Featuring hundreds of large, high-quality images, this fully updated new edition provides an even more extensive collection of exceptional photomicrographs, accompanied by detailed descriptions, figure legends and annotations to guide readers through the diagnostic process. The Second Edition adds an extensive new hematology section, new chapters detailing sample acquisition and preparation, and many new diseases across all chapters. Each section provides a detailed description of the microscopic appearance, clinical considerations, and prognosis for each disease, using a bullet point format to promote rapid review for efficient, evidence-based clinical decision making. Easy to use, with superior quality images and detailed yet succinct clinical information, Clinical Atlas of Small Animal Cytology and Hematology is a powerful resource to help improve confidence and skill in the interpretation of cytology and hematology samples, and in turn positively impact patient care and outcomes"-- Provided by publisher