Clan and tribal perspectives on social, economic and environmental sustainability : Indigenous stories from around the globe

From the Indigenous perspective, sustainability must be understood as a means of survival. In a climate of in-migration, clan and tribal communities have been forced to build sustainable solutions together to protect their sovereignty, recognition and mutual respect. In the midst of a global pandemic that threatens the economic and social well-being of millions of people, this edited collection addresses the social, economic, and environmental sustainability of tribes, clans, and Indigenous cultures across national and global origins. Acknowledging that these peoples around the globe have addressed threats to their survival for millennia, the authors showcase examples of indigenous groups spanning South Africa, Nigeria, Australia, New Zealand, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Bolivia and North America. Regional examples also come from Rwanda, Cameroon, Congo, Ethiopia, East Timor, Papua New Guinea, the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Easter Island, and Nunavit, Canada. Breaking fresh ground by shining a light on sustainability journeys from outside the global mainstream, this book demonstrates how sustainable recovery and development occurs in respectful collaboration between equals. -- Provided by publisher Cover 1 Clan and Tribal Perspectives on Social, Economic and Environmental Sustainability 2 Clan and Tribal Perspectives on Social, Economic and Environmental Sustainability: Indigenous Stories from Around the Globe 4 Copyright 5 Dedication 6 Table of Contents 8 List of Tribes and Clans by Chapter 12 About the Editors 14 About the Contributors 16 Preface 20 Reference 20 Acknowledgements 22 1. Sustainable Relationships Are the Foundation of Tribal and Clan Perspectives 24 References 28 Theme 1 Civilisations and Sustainability 30 2. Sustainable Indigenous Water Rights 32 Abstract 32 Introduction 32 Sustainability of Indigenous Cultural Water Rights 34 Indigenous Cultural Heritage and Water Rights 37 Conclusion 41 Notes 42 References 43 3. Indigenous Ontologies in ‘Caring for Country’: Indigenous Australia's Sustainable Customs, Practices and Laws 46 Abstract 46 Introduction 46 Conflicting Western Concepts about the Indigenous Environment 48 Indigenous Ontology and the Meaning of Country 50 Indigenous Knowledge: A Case Study 51 Pathways Forward 53 References 53 Australian Case Law 55 Theme 2 Entrepreneurship and Innovation 56 4. Indigenous Entrepreneurs in Australia: Past, Present, and Future 58 Abstract 58 Introduction 58 An Historical Perspective 60 Indigenous Entrepreneurship in Australia 62 The Future Landscape of Indigenous Entrepreneurship in Australia 66 Acknowledgments 68 References 68 5. Māori Social Enterprise: A Case Study 72 Abstract 72 Introduction 72 Social Entrepreneurship as Three Layers 73 Māori Social Entrepreneurship 74 The Entrepreneurial Ecosystem for Māori Social Enterprise 76 Methodology 77 Case 1: Ākau 77 Case 2: He Iwi Kotahi Tatou Trust 77 Case 3: Stay Native 78 Findings and Discussion 78 Definition of Social Enterprise by Māori Social Entrepreneurs 78 Māori in SE 79 The Entrepreneurial Ecosystem for Māori SE 79 Social Innovation 80 Conclusion 81 Notes 82 References 82 Theme 3 Leadership in Tribes and Clans 86 6. Quechua/Aymara Perspective of Social, Economic, and Environmental Sustainability in the Bolivian Andes: Sustainability a ... 88 Abstract 88 Introduction 89 Section I – Sustainable Business 90 Research Methodology 92 A Brief Introduction to Bolivian Quinoa 96 Section II – Dreamtime 98 Section III – Politics and Policy 100 Yachay 102 Munay 102 Ruray 104 Ushay 104 Kawsay 105 Conclusion 107 Notes 107 References 108 7. Leadership Lessons in Sustainability from Elders and Events in Historical Clan Survival Stories 110 Abstract 110 Introduction: Once There Was... 110 Storytelling Analysis for Leadership Knowledge 112 Narrative Interpretation of Leadership Styles in Historical Crises 115 Contextual Leadership Issues Extending from Analysis 118 Conclusion: The Moral of the Story 120 Acknowledgements 120 References 121 Theme 4 Politics and Policy in Tribal and Clan Organisations 126 8. Jirga, Its Role and Evolution in Pakistan's Pashtun “Tribal” Society 128 Abstract 128 Introduction 128 What Is Jirga? 130 Critique of Jirga 132 The FCR Jirga in FATA 133 Why Was Jirga Rendered “Irrelevant” in Former-FATA? 134 Jirga's Response to Militancy Post-2001 135 The Future of Jirga in the Tribal Areas 136 Notes 137 References 138 9. Effectiveness of ‘Traditional’ Conflict Resolution and Transformation Strategies 142 Abstract 142 Introduction 142 Boege's Framework of Traditional Conflict Transformation 144 Papua New Guinea (PNG) 146 Rwanda 147 Timor-Leste 148 What Lessons Can Be Learnt from PNG, Rwanda and Timor-Leste? 150 Conclusion 151 References 151 10. The Resolution by the White Earth Anishinaabe Nation to Protect the Inherent Rights of Wild Rice 154 Abstract 154 Background 154 The Rights of Manoomin 155 Research Question 158 The Importance of Wild Rice to the Anishinaabeg 158 The Threats to the Survival and Very Integrity of Wild Rice 160 Protect Wild Rice to Protect the People 162 References 162 Theme 5 Tribal and Clan Views on Health and Well-being 164 11. Therapeutic Landscapes and Indigenous Culture: Māori Health Models in Aotearoa/New Zealand 166 Abstract 166 Introduction 166 Historical Context 167 Understanding Health and Wellbeing 168 Examining the Interconnections of Health and Place 169 Te Whare Tapa Whā: The Four Cornerstones 170 Te Pae Māhutonga: The Southern Cross Constellation 170 Te Wheke: The Octopus 171 How the Land Shapes Māori Identity 173 How Land Contributes to Health 174 Whenua: The Land 174 Te Wao Nui a Tāne: Forests 175 Nga Wai Ora: Waterways 175 Te Rohe Koreporepo: Wetlands 176 Discussion 177 Conclusion 178 References 179 12. Fire, Stories and Health 182 Abstract 182 Introduction 182 Story and Resistance 184 Fire as Allegory for Transformative Knowledge 185 Fire as Health 187 Conclusion 189 References 189 Further Readings 190 13. Ubuntu Identity, the Economy of Bomvana Indigenous Healers, and Their Impact on Spiritual and Physical Well-being of an ... 192 Abstract 192 Introduction 192 Bomvana Spirituality 193 AmaBomvane History and Context 193 Current Context of the Bomvana 195 Methodology 196 Understanding Bomvana Well-being 197 Ubuntu Worldview as Foundational to Well-being 198 A Healing Spirituality 199 Bomvana Ethno-Medical Spiritual Economies 200 Bomvana Ethno-Medical Spiritual Economy as Identity Expressed through Ubuntu 204 Discussion 205 Conclusion 208 Notes 209 References 209 Index 214