جنگ‌های داخلی در آفریقا: ریشه‌ها و راه‌حل‌ها

Annotation A collection of case studies of nine African countries, Civil Wars in Africa provides a comparative perspective on the causes of civil war and the processes by which internal conflict may be resolved or averted. The book focuses on the wars in Ethiopia, Liberia, Mozambique, Rwanda, Somalia, Sudan, and Uganda as well as the experiences of Tanzania and Zimbabwe, where civil war was averted, to underline conditions under which conflict can most successfully be managed

John Kiyaga-Nsubuga focuses on Yoweri Museveni and his National Resistance Movement regime's attempt to bring peace to Uganda. John Prendergast and Mark Duffield look at Ethiopia's long civil war and the role of liberation politics and external engagement. Bruce Jones studies the ethnic roots of the civil war in Rwanda. Elwood Dunn explores political manipulation and ethnic differences as causes of civil strife in Liberia. John Saul examines the role of Western powers in establishing peace in Mozambique. Hussein Adam describes the collapse of the authoritarian regime in Somalia and the subsequent rise of inter-clan and sub-clan rivalry. Taisier Ali and Robert Matthews argue that the forty-year conflict in Sudan is much more complex than the usual view that it results from the pitting of the Arab, Islamic North against the African, Christian South. Shifting the focus to how internal unrest may be managed, Hevina Dashwood examines government initiatives undertaken to maintain stability in Zimbabwe and Cranford Pratt describes the policies and institutions developed by Nyerere that enabled Tanzania to avoid ethnic, regional, and religious factionalism and intra-elite rivalries. James Busumtwi-Sam explores multilateral third-party intervention, highlighting the changing role of the OAU and the United Nations and their effectiveness in averting war. The concluding chapter draws together findings from the individual case studies and incorporates them into the larger corpus of the literature.

Contents Maps Preface Introduction PART ONE: FORCE AS THE MAJOR INSTRUMENT OF RESOLUTION 1 Managing Political Change: Uganda under Museveni 2 Liberation Politics in Ethiopia and Eritrea 3 Civil War, the Peace Process, and Genocide in Rwanda PART TWO: NEGOTIATION AS THE PRIMARY INSTRUMENT OF RESOLUTION 4 The Civil War in Liberia 5 Inside from the Outside? The Roots and Resolution of Mozambique's Un/Civil War PART THREE: PROTRACTED CIVIL WARS 6 Somali Civil Wars 7 Civil War and Failed Peace Efforts in Sudan PART FOUR: CIVIL WARS FORESTALLED 8 Leadership, Participation, and Conflict Management: Zimbabwe and Tanzania PART FIVE: SECURITY, CONFLICT, AND PEACE 9 Redefining "Security" after the Cold War: The OAU, the UN, and Conflict Management in Africa 10 Conclusion: Conflict, Resolution, and Building Peace Contributors Index A B C D E F G H I K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Z Managing political change: Uganda under Museveni / John Kiyaga-Nsubuga Liberation politics in Ethiopia and Eritrea / John Prendergast and Mark Duffield Civil war, the peace process, and genocide in Rwanda / Bruce D. Jones The civil war in Liberia / Elwood Dunn Inside from the outside? The roots and resolution of Mozambique's un/civil war / John S. Saul Somali civil wars / Hussein M. Adam Civil war and failed peace efforts in Sudan / Taisier M. Ali and Robert O. Matthews Leadership, participation and conflict management: Zimbabwe and Tanzania / Hevina S. Dashwood and Cranford Pratt Redefining "security" after the Cold War: the OAU, the UN, and conflict management in Africa / James Busumtwi-Sam Conclusion: conflict, resolution, and building peace / Taisier M. Ali and Robert O. Matthews. In assessing the reconstruction of societies that have suffered extensive dislocation, it is necessary to examine how reformist regimes try to liberalize the political process amid continuing instability.