Citizenship and Its Exclusions: A Classical, Constitutional, and Critical Race Critique (Critical America, 55)

citizenship Is Generally Viewed As The Most Desired Legal Status An Individual Can Attain, Invoking The Belief That Citizens Hold Full Inclusion In A Society, And Can Exercise And Be Protected By The Constitution. Yet This Membership Has Historically Been Exclusive And Illusive For Many, And In citizenship And Its Exclusions , Ediberto Román Offers A Sweeping, Interdisciplinary Analysis Of Citizenship’s Contradictions. román Offers An Exploration Of Citizenship That Spans From Antiquity To The Present, And Crosses Disciplines From History To Political Philosophy To Law, Including Constitutional And Critical Race Theories. Beginning With Greek And Roman Writings On Citizenship, He Moves On To Late-medieval And Renaissance Europe, Then Early Modern Western Law, And Culminates His Analysis With An Explanation Of How Past Precedents Have Influenced U.s. Law And Policy Regulating The Citizenship Status Of Indigenous And Territorial Island People, As Well As How Different Levels Of Membership Have Created A De Facto Subordinate Citizenship Status For Many Members Of American Society, Often Lumped Together As The “underclass.” Citizenship is generally viewed as the most desired legal status an individual can attain, invoking the belief that citizens hold full inclusion in a society, and can exercise and be protected by the Constitution. Yet this membership has historically been exclusive and illusive for many, and in Citizenship and Its Exclusions, Ediberto Román offers a sweeping, interdisciplinary analysis of citizenship's contradictions.Román offers an exploration of citizenship that spans from antiquity to the present, and crosses disciplines from history to political philosophy to law, including constitutional and critical race theories. Beginning with Greek and Roman writings on citizenship, he moves on to late-medieval and Renaissance Europe, then early Modern Western law, and culminates his analysis with an explanation of how past precedents have influenced U.S. law and policy regulating the citizenship status of indigenous and territorial island people, as well as how different levels of membership have created a de facto subordinate citizenship status for many members of American society, often lumped together as the “underclass.” Citizenship is generally viewed as the most desired legal status an individual can attain, invoking the belief that citizens hold full inclusion in a society, and can exercise and be protected by the Constitution. Yet this membership has historically been exclusive and illusive for many, and in Citizenship and Its Exclusions, Ediberto Romn offers a sweeping, interdisciplinary analysis of citizenships contradictions. Romn offers an exploration of citizenship that spans from antiquity to the present, and crosses disciplines from history to political philosophy to law, including constitutional and critical race theories. Beginning with Greek and Roman writings on citizenship, he moves on to late-medieval and Renaissance Europe, then early Modern Western law, and culminates his analysis with an explanation of how past precedents have influenced U.S. law and policy regulating the citizenship status of indigenous and territorial island people, as well as how different levels of membership have created a de facto subordinate citizenship status for many members of American society, often lumped together as the underclass. "At a time when members of Congress hector President Obama in a televised address on the issue of citizenship and health care, and when know-nothing restrictionists dominate talk radio and cable news, this is a refreshing, thoughtful, and timely work. Roman has broadened his traditional work on Puerto Rico and the American colonies to examine carefully the literal and symbolic meanings of U.S. citizenship. His incisive unbundling of ̀the construct of citizenship' and the consequences of variegated membership is foundational work that will be widely cited, if not always by judges then surely by a wide array of immigration and other Constitutional scholars."--Michael A. Olivas, author of "Colored Men" and "Hombres Aquis": Hernandez v. Texas and the Emergence of Mexican American Lawyering Contents......Page 8 Preface and Acknowledgments......Page 10 1 Introduction: The Citizenship Construct......Page 18 2 The Creation of the Concept: The Classical Period......Page 32 3 The City-States of the Dark Ages......Page 46 4 The Movement toward Nascent Nation-States......Page 66 5 The Philosophical Influence of the Enlightenment......Page 72 6 The De Jure Subordinates......Page 100 7 The De Facto Subordinates?......Page 136 8 A New Vision of Citizenship?......Page 164 Notes......Page 176 C......Page 218 F......Page 220 J......Page 221 M......Page 222 R......Page 223 T......Page 224 Z......Page 225 About the Author......Page 226 Religion is one of the most powerful forces running through human history, and although often presented as a force for good, its impact is frequntly violent and divisive. This provocative work brings together cutting-edge research from both evolutionary and cognitive psychology to help readers understand the psychological structure of religious violence. These insights are applied to both Judaism and Christianity, and their texts, to illustrate how our evolved mind shapes religious beliefs and influences human events "A timely interrogation of our citizenship tropes. Roman passionately demonstrates that the promise of citizenship has consistently fallen short on both historical and contemporary landscapes. Far from a warrant of inclusion and equality, citizenship has more often been used as cover for caste and subordination. Roman looks to bring citizenship's lofty aspirations to an authentic attainment."--Peter J. Spiro, author of Beyond Citizenship: American Identity after Globalization Contrary to the popular belief that religious violence is a corruption of true religion, carried out by individuals who twist its teachings, Teehan argues that religious violence is in fact grounded in the moral psychology of religion. This controversial argument is illustrated with reference to the 9/11 terrorist attacks, and the response to the attacks from both the terrorists and the President Citizenship is generally viewed as the most desired legal status an individual can attain, invoking the belief that citizens hold full inclusion in a society, and can exercise and be protected by the Constitution. This title offers an analysis of citizenship's contradictions. It explores the citizenship that spans from antiquity onwards. In the Name of God represents a fundamentally new approach to the analysis of religion. By applying evolutionary psychology, we can gain a fresh perspective on religious texts, and a better understanding of their contradictions and complexities, essential to combating religious violence and promoting a mora moral society "A rich and impassioned exploration of the persistence of second-class citizenship in the United States. Roman vividly portrays the injustices concealed by our discourse of equal citizenship."--Gerald Neuman, J. Sinclair Armstrong Professor of International, Foreign, and Comparative Law, Harvad Law School --Book Jacket The citizenship construct The creation of the concept The city-states of the dark ages The movement towards nascent nation-states The philosophical influence of the enlightenment The de jure subordinates The de facto subordinates? A new vision of citizenship?