Chocolate in Health and Nutrition (Nutrition and Health Book 7)

__Chocolate in Health and Nutrition__ represents the first comprehensive compilation of the newest data on the actions of the flavonoids and microorganisms associated with the beneficial effects of chocolate. This unique text provides practical, data-driven resources based upon the totality of the evidence to help the reader understand the basics, treatments and preventive strategies that are involved in the understanding of the role chocolate may play in healthy individuals as well as those with cardiovascular disease, diabetes or neurocognitive declines. Of equal importance, critical issues that involve patient concerns, such as dental caries and food preferences in children, potential effects on weight gain, addiction and withdrawal are included in well-referenced, informative chapters. The latest research on the role of chocolate in normal health areas including mood, pain and weight management, cardiovascular disease and related conditions are presented. __Chocolate in Health and Nutrition__ provides health professionals in many areas of research and practice with the most up-to-date, well referenced and comprehensive volume on the current state of the science and medical uses of chocolate. Front Matter....Pages i-xxi Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Pre-hispanic Use of Cocoa....Pages 3-9 History of the Medical Use of Chocolate....Pages 11-21 Cocoa and Its By-Products: Identification and Utilization....Pages 23-37 The Microbiology of Cocoa Fermentation....Pages 39-60 Fungi and Mycotoxin Occurrence in Cocoa....Pages 61-71 Nonnutritive Constituents in Chocolate and Cocoa....Pages 73-87 Chocolate and Cocoa Aroma....Pages 89-101 Front Matter....Pages 103-103 Composition of Cacao Beans....Pages 105-117 Industrial and Home Processing of Cocoa Polyphenols....Pages 119-124 Methods in Chocolate Analysis: Use of Atomic Spectrometric Techniques....Pages 125-133 The Effects of Chocolate and Chocolate by-product Consumption on Wild and Domestic Animals....Pages 135-141 Chocolate Bars Based on Human Nutritional Requirements....Pages 143-148 Comparing Sunflower Stearins with Cocoa Butter....Pages 149-161 Low-Calorie Chocolates and Acceptability/Sensory Properties....Pages 163-176 Front Matter....Pages 177-177 Polyphenols in Cocoa: From In Vitro Digestion to In Vivo Bioavailability....Pages 179-188 The Effect of Chocolate on Human and Gut Microbial Metabolic Interactions: Emphasis on Human Health and Nutritional Status....Pages 189-200 The Absorption, Metabolism, and Pharmacokinetics of Chocolate Polyphenols....Pages 201-246 Biological Activity of Cacao Husk and Mass Lignin-Carbohydrate Complexes....Pages 247-262 Front Matter....Pages 263-263 Clinical Benefits of Cocoa: An Overview....Pages 265-275 Endothelial Control of Vascular Tone by Chocolate and Other Polyphenols....Pages 277-287 Front Matter....Pages 263-263 Chocolate Flavonoids in the Prevention of Arterial Disease....Pages 289-301 Chocolate and Coronary Heart Disease....Pages 303-311 Dark Chocolate and (Pre-)Hypertension....Pages 313-325 Polyphenol-Rich Cocoa and Chocolate: Potential Role in the Prevention of Diabetes....Pages 327-339 Polyphenol-Rich Dark Chocolate in Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus Risk Factors....Pages 341-353 Chocolate and Cancer Prevention?....Pages 355-367 The Effects of Cocoa- and Chocolate-Related Products on Neurocognitive Functioning....Pages 369-379 Flavonoid-Rich Chocolate and Cognitive Improvement....Pages 381-388 Cocoa and Chocolate: Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Beneficial Brain Effects....Pages 389-406 Front Matter....Pages 407-407 Chocolate: Mood....Pages 409-419 Chocolate: Psychopharmacological Aspects, Mood, and Addiction....Pages 421-435 Chocolate and Pain Tolerance....Pages 437-447 Cocoa for Recovery....Pages 449-456 Chocolate and Withdrawal....Pages 457-467 Cues Linked to the Consumption of Chocolate: Orexin and Reward-Based Feeding Behaviors....Pages 469-477 Behavioral, Cognitive, and Affective Consequences of Trying to Avoid Chocolate....Pages 479-489 Chocolate and Children’s Food and Flavor Preferences....Pages 491-503 Chocolate Use and Knowledge in Oral and Dental Health in Children....Pages 505-515 Acne and Chocolate: Is There Any Evidence of Their Association?....Pages 517-523 Cocoa and Chocolate in Humans: The Rationale for Clinical Studies on Healthy Volunteers....Pages 525-539 Back Matter....Pages 541-553 Ronald Ross Watson, Victor R. Preedy, Sherma Zibadi, Editors. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. Mode Of Access: World Wide Web.