Chernobyl: Consequences of the Catastrophe for People and the Environment, Volume 1181 (Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences)

this Volume, Written By Leading Authorities From Eastern Europe, Outlines The History Of The Health And Environmental Consequences Of The Chernobyl Disaster. Although There Has Been Much Discussion Concerning The Impacts Of Nuclear Accidents, And Chernobyl In Particular, Never Before Has There Been A Comprehensive Presentation Of All The Available Information Concerning The Health And Environmental Effects Of The Low Dose Radioactive Contaminants That Were Emitted From The Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant. The Official Discussions Emanating From The Iaea And Associated Un Agencies (e.g. The Chernobyl Forum Reports) Have Largely Downplayed Or Ignored Many Of The Findings Reported In The Eastern European Scientific Literature And As A Consequence These Reports Have Erred On The Side Of Negative Findings Simply Because Much Of What Was Known Was Not Included In Their Assessments. This New Book Provides A Complete And Extensive Summary Of All Known Research, Including That Published In Russian And Ukrainian, And Provides New Insights To The Likely Long Term Health And Environmental Consequences Of Nuclear Accidents. note: Annals Volumes Are Available For Sale As Individual Books Or As A Journal. For Information On Institutional Journal Subscriptions, Please Visit Www.blackwellpublishing.com/nyas. academy Members: Please Contact The New York Academy Of Sciences Directly To Place Your Order (www.nyas.org). Members Of The New York Academy Of Science Receive Full-text Access To The Annals Online And Discounts On Print Volumes. Please Visit Http://www.nyas.org/membercenter/join.aspx For More Information About Becoming A Member. Foreword......Page p10007 Preface......Page p10010 Acknowledgments......Page p10014 Introduction: The Difficult Truth about Chernobyl......Page p1 In.r References......Page p3 I Chernobyl Contamination: An Overview......Page p4 1.2. Geographical Features......Page p5 1.2.1. Europe......Page p6 1.2.1.1. Belarus......Page p7 1.2.1.4. Other European Countries......Page p10 1.2.2. Asia......Page p14 1.2.3. North America......Page p15 1.3. Estimates of Primary Radionuclide Em.......Page p16 1.4.1. Uneven/Spotty Contamination......Page p19 1.5. Changes in Radionuclide Dose Spectrum......Page p21 1.8. How Many Exposed to Contamination?......Page p24 1.9. Conclusion......Page p26 1.r. References......Page p27 II Consequences of Ch. for Public Health......Page p31 2. Chernobyl’s Public Health Consequences......Page p32 2.1. Difficulties Obtaining Objective Data......Page p33 2.2. “Scientific Protocols”......Page p36 2.4. Determining Impact on Public Health......Page p38 2.r. References......Page p39 3.1. Belarus......Page p42 3.2. Ukraine......Page p45 3.3. Russia......Page p48 3.r. References......Page p50 4. Accelerated Aging as a Consequence.........Page p55 4.r. References......Page p56 5.1.1.1. Belarus......Page p58 5.1.1.2. Ukraine......Page p59 5.1.1.3. Russia......Page p60 5.1.2. Cardiovascular Diseases......Page p61 5.1.2.1. Belarus......Page p62 5.1.2.3. Russia......Page p63 5.1.3. Conclusion......Page p64 5.2.1.1. Chromosomal Mutations......Page p65 5.2.1.1.1. Belarus......Page p66 5.2.1.1.2. Ukraine......Page p67 5.2.1.1.3. Russia......Page p68 5.2.1.1.4. Other Countries......Page p70 5.2.1.2.1. Trisomy 21 (Down Syndrome)......Page p71 5.2.2. Genetic Polymorphism of Proteins &c.......Page p72 5.2.4. Genetically Caused Congenital......Page p73 5.2.5. Children of Irradiated Parents......Page p74 5.2.6. Chromosomal Aberrations, Health Status......Page p75 5.2.7. Conclusion......Page p76 5.3. Diseases of the Endocrine System......Page p77 5.3.1.1. Belarus......Page p78 5.3.1.3. Russia......Page p80 5.3.2.1. Belarus......Page p83 5.3.2.2. Ukraine......Page p85 5.3.3. Conclusion......Page p86 5.4.1. Belarus......Page p87 5.4.2. Ukraine......Page p89 5.4.3. Russia......Page p90 5.5. Respiratory System Diseases......Page p92 5.5.2. Ukraine......Page p93 5.5.3. Russia......Page p95 5.6. Urogenital Tract & Reproductive Dis.......Page p96 5.6.1. Belarus......Page p97 5.6.2. Ukraine......Page p98 5.6.3. Russia......Page p100 5.6.4. Other Countries......Page p101 5.7.2. Ukraine......Page p102 5.7.3. Russia......Page p103 5.8. Nervous System & Sense Organs, Mental Health......Page p104 5.8.1.1. Belarus......Page p105 5.8.1.2. Ukraine......Page p106 5.8.1.3. Russia......Page p109 5.8.1.4. Other Countries......Page p111 5.8.2.1. Belarus......Page p112 5.8.2.2. Ukraine......Page p113 5.8.3. Conclusion......Page p115 5.9.1. Belarus......Page p116 5.9.2. Ukraine......Page p117 5.9.3. Russia......Page p118 5.9.4. Conclusion......Page p119 5.10.1. Belarus......Page p120 5.10.3. Russia......Page p121 5.11.1. Belarus......Page p122 5.11.2. Ukraine......Page p123 5.11.4. Conclusion......Page p124 5.12.1. Belarus......Page p125 5.12.2. Ukraine......Page p127 5.12.3. Russia......Page p129 5.12.4. Other Countries......Page p130 5.12.5. Conclusion......Page p133 5.r. References......Page p134 6. Oncological Diseases after Chernobyl......Page p161 6.1.1. Belarus......Page p162 6.1.2. Ukraine......Page p163 6.1.4. Other Countries......Page p164 6.2.1.1. Belarus......Page p165 6.2.1.2. Ukraine......Page p166 6.2.1.3. Russia......Page p168 6.2.1.4. Other Countries......Page p170 6.2.2. New Thyroid Cancers, How Many, When......Page p174 6.3.1. Belarus......Page p177 6.3.2. Ukraine......Page p178 6.3.3. Russia......Page p179 6.3.4. Other Countries......Page p180 6.4.1. Belarus......Page p181 6.4.2. Ukraine......Page p182 6.4.3. Russia......Page p183 6.5. Conclusions......Page p184 6.r. References......Page p185 7.1.1. Belarus......Page p192 7.1.3. Russia......Page p193 7.1.4. Other Countries......Page p194 7.2. Perinatal, Infant, & Child Mortality......Page p196 7.2.1.3. Russia......Page p197 7.2.1.4. Other Countries......Page p198 7.2.2.1. Ukraine......Page p199 7.2.2.3. Other Countries......Page p200 7.3. Mortality among Liquidators......Page p201 7.3.3. Russia......Page p203 7.4.1. Belarus......Page p205 7.4.2. Ukraine......Page p206 7.6. Calculations of General Mortality......Page p207 7.7. ...Total No. of Chernobyl Victims?......Page p209 7.r. References......Page p211 IIc. Conclusion to Chapter II.......Page p217 IIc.r. References......Page p219 III.r References......Page p221 8.1.1. Belarus, Ukraine, and Russia......Page p223 8.1.2. Other Countries......Page p225 8.2.1. Belarus, Ukraine, and Russia......Page p226 8.2.2. Other Countries......Page p228 8.3.1. Belarus, Ukraine, and Russia......Page p229 8.3.2. Other Countries......Page p231 8.4. Conclusion......Page p232 8.r. References......Page p234 9.1. Plants, Mushrooms, Lichens......Page p237 9.1.1. Plants......Page p238 9.1.2. Mushrooms and Lichens......Page p244 9.2. Radioinduced Morphology, Anomalies, Tumors......Page p246 9.3. Genetic Changes......Page p248 9.r. References......Page p250 10.1. Incorporation......Page p255 10.2. Reproductive Abnormalities......Page p259 10.3. Genetic Changes......Page p265 10.4. Changes in Other Biological......Page p268 10.5. Conclusion......Page p273 10.r. References......Page p274 11. Ch's Radioactive Impact on Microbial Biota......Page p281 11.r. References......Page p283 IIIc. Conclusion to Chapter III......Page p285 IIIc.r. References......Page p286 IV Radiation Protection after the Catastrophe......Page p287 IV.r References......Page p288 12.1.1. Belarus......Page p289 12.1.2. Ukraine......Page p290 12.1.3. Other Countries and Areas......Page p291 12.2.1. Belarus......Page p294 12.2.2. Other Countries......Page p298 12.3. Conclusion......Page p300 12.r. References......Page p301 13.1. Reducing Radionuclides in Food......Page p303 13.2. Res. of Decontamination by Pectin Enterosorbents......Page p304 13.4. ...Children, Where Especially Effective......Page p308 13.r. References......Page p309 14. Protec. for Activities in Contaminated Terr.......Page p311 14.1. Measures for Radiation Protection in Agriculture......Page p312 14.2. Rad. Protection for Forestry, Hunting & Fisheries......Page p313 14.3. Rad. Protection Measures in Everyday Life......Page p315 14.r. References......Page p317 15.1. The Global Scale of the Catastrophe......Page p318 15.2. Obstacles to Analysis of Consequences......Page p319 15.3. Health Consequences of Chernobyl......Page p320 15.5. Chernobyl Releases & Environmental Consequences......Page p322 15.6. ...Efforts to Minimize the Consequences......Page p324 15.7. Industry Orgs. Protect It First, Not the Public......Page p325 15.r. References......Page p326 Subject Index......Page p20001 This volume, written by leading authorities from Eastern Europe, outlines the history of the health and environmental consequences of the Chernobyl disaster. Although there has been much discussion concerning the impacts of nuclear accidents, and Chernobyl in particular, never before has there been a comprehensive presentation of all the available information concerning the health and environmental effects of the low dose radioactive contaminants that were emitted from the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant. The official discussions emanating from the IAEA and associated UN agencies (e.g. the Chernobyl Forum reports) have largely downplayed or ignored many of the findings reported in the Eastern European scientific literature and as a consequence these reports have erred on the side of negative findings simply because much of what was known was not included in their assessments. This new book provides a complete and extensive summary of all known research, including that published in Russian and Ukrainian, and provides new insights to the likely long term health and environmental consequences of nuclear accidents. Annals volumes are available for sale as individual books or as a journal. For information on institutional journal subscriptions, please visit (http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/nyas) www.blackwellpublishing.com/nyas . ACADEMY Please contact the New York Academy of Sciences directly to place your order ((http://www.nyas.org) www.nyas.org ). Members of the New York Academy of Science receive full-text access to the Annals online and discounts on print volumes. Please visit for more information about becoming a member. "The principal idea behind this volume is to present, in a brief and systematic form, the results from researchers who observed and documented the consequences of the Chernobyl catastrophe. In our view, the need for such an analysis became especially important after September 2005 when the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and the World Health Organization (WHO) presented and widely advertised "The Chernobyl Forum" report [IAEA (2006), The Chernobyl Legacy: Health, Environment and Socio-Economic Impact and Recommendation to the Governments of Belarus, the Russian Federation and Ukraine 2nd Rev. Ed. (IAEA, Vienna): 50 pp.] because it lacked sufficiently detailed facts concerning the consequences of the disaster"--Page x Foreword / Dimitro M. Grodzinsky Preface / Alexey V. Yablokov, Vassily B. Nesterenko Acknowledgments / Alexey V. Yablokov Introduction: The difficult truth about Chernobyl / Alexey V. Nesterenko, Vassily B. Nesterenko, Alexey V. Yablokov I. Chernobyl contamination: an overview / Vassily B. Nesterenko, Alexey V. Yablokov II. Consequences of the Chernobyl catastrophe for public health / Alexey B. Nesterenko, Vassily B. Nesterenko, Alexey V. Yablokov III. Consequences of the Chernobyl catastrophe for the environment / Alexey V. Yablokov, Vassily B. Nesterenko, Alexey V. Nesterenko IV. Radiation protection after the Chernobyl catastrophe / Alexey V. Nesterenko, Vassily B. Nesterenko, Alexey V. Yablokov.