Chemical Spills and Emergency Management at Sea : Proceedings of the First International Conference on “Chemical Spills and Emergency Management at Sea”, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, November 15–18, 1988

International shipping is of great importance for the transport of a great many types of cargo. Substances and products considered dangerous constitute almost 50% of all the payload. It is obvious that stringent regulations are required in order to minimize the risks of accidents. These regulations, which are derived from good practice and which are based on research, have been adopted by a great number of countries. However, emergencies do occur in spite of all precautions. Such emergencies require fast and adequate response in order to confine the consequences for man and his environment to a minimum. Emergency response has political, legal, financial and technical aspects. This makes decision making extremely difficult. The papers carefully prepared and assembled in this book present an up-to-date picture of today's achievements, knowledge and difficulties that are being faced. It was the intention of Oilchem Recovery Denmark and TNO to bring the wide scatter of aspects together in a joined perspective. We also intended to spread the information on latest developments among the many people who are involved in combating calamities and in particular in decision making. Finally, we hope that this conference may help all of us to come to a safer transport of chemicals and a better aquatic environment. We thank all the authors for their magnificent contribution. Front Matter....Pages i-x Front Matter....Pages 1-1 The Prevention of Chemical Spill Incidents....Pages 3-14 Contingency Plannlng....Pages 15-27 Front Matter....Pages 29-29 Risk Analysis for Marine Chemical Spills - A Survey....Pages 31-43 Transport Structures of Chemical and Gastanker Cargoes....Pages 45-58 The Use of Mathematical Models in Accident Consequence Assessment for Transport of Hazardous Materials at Sea....Pages 59-71 The Juxtaposition of Long-Term and Real-Time Oil Spill Modelling....Pages 73-81 Front Matter....Pages 83-83 Emergency Response to the Release of Chemical Cargoes at Sea....Pages 85-94 Regional Policy on Marine Emergency Management....Pages 95-102 Policy in the Netherlands with Respect to Response of Chemical Spills....Pages 103-114 A Baltic Sea Model of the Response to Chemicals....Pages 115-126 Offshore Industry Response to Emergencies....Pages 127-136 Integral North Sea Emergency Plan the Coordinated Approach by the Netherlands Government....Pages 137-141 Classification of Chemicals for Situation Analysis....Pages 143-156 Chemical Emergencies at Sea: The Salvor’s Perspective....Pages 157-169 Front Matter....Pages 181-181 Reporting and Communication....Pages 173-191 Immediate Response in Chemical Accidents....Pages 193-198 Communication and evacuation....Pages 199-205 Front Matter....Pages 207-207 Hazard Assessment/Decision Making: Collection of Relevant Information:....Pages 209-221 SEABEL: Hazard Identification and Decision Support System for Chemical Spills at Sea....Pages 223-232 The Use of Information Systems for Supporting Decisions on Emergency Response at Sea....Pages 233-247 Front Matter....Pages 207-207 An Analysis of Historical Events During Transshipment of Dangerous Goods in Harbours....Pages 249-258 The Community Information System for the Control and Reduction of Pollution by the Spillage of Hydrocarbons and Other Harmful Substances at Sea....Pages 259-268 State-of-the-Art Emergency Information Management and Communication at the Chemical Transportation Emergency Center....Pages 269-273 Front Matter....Pages 285-285 Evaluation of Environmental Hazards....Pages 277-283 Ecological Considerations with Respect to Actions Towards Hazardous Spills....Pages 285-302 Front Matter....Pages 303-303 Experiences and Findings in Connection with the Casualty Involving the Ship Cason....Pages 305-313 The Herald of Free Enterprise Accident: The Environmental Perspective....Pages 315-324 The Dinoseb incident 1984....Pages 325-343 Lessons to be Learnt from Past Incidents Suggestions from Environmental Organizations....Pages 345-354 Front Matter....Pages 365-365 Decision Making for Chemical Accidents at Sea....Pages 357-362 Decision Making for Emergency Response....Pages 363-369 Front Matter....Pages 381-381 Liability and Compensation for Damage by Hazardous and Noxious Substances in a Marine Environment....Pages 373-380 Compensation for damage caused during transport of hazardous and noxious substances by sea....Pages 381-391 Recovery of Costs - A Liability Insurer’s Point of View....Pages 393-401 Front Matter....Pages 403-403 Modelling of Accidental Spills as a Tool for River Management....Pages 405-414 Emergency Management Related to the International Rhine Committee....Pages 415-420 The Ashland Oil Spill of January 1988 - an EPA Perspective....Pages 421-434 Environmental Effects of the January 2, 1988, Diesel Oil Spill Into the Monongahela River—Progress Report....Pages 435-444 Front Matter....Pages 445-445 Latest Results on Oil Spill Combat with Elastol T.M. ....Pages 447-456 Research and Development within CEDRE....Pages 457-466 Front Matter....Pages 445-445 Status Report for the Nordic Research and Development Co-operation concerning Response to Chemical Accidents....Pages 467-478 Sources of Pollution in Indian Ocean - Risk & Management....Pages 479-488