Chemical probes in biology : science at the interface of chemistry, biology and medicine ; [proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on Chemical Probes in Biology - Science at the Interface on Chemistry, Biology and Medicine, Island of Spetses, Gr

This NATO Advanced Study Institute (co-sponsored by FEBS and INTAS) under the title "Chemical Probes in Biology" was designed to summarize and disseminate recent expert knowledge regarding a deeper understanding ofbiological phenomena on a molecular level. Such scientific activities -frequently termed Bio-organic Chemistry or Chemical Biology ­ are constituting a highly interdisciplinary branch of chemistry beyond the traditional ways in which chemists and biologists have been working in the past. Thus, on this occasion we were bringing together senior experts from the disciplines of Chemistry and Biology in order to amalgamate their diverse yet basically common interests in this area. Ultimate goal was - next to an exchange of information between the two scientific cultures - the communication ofexciting possibilities in interdisciplinary research to the young scientists present. The meeting was held in the Anargyros and Korgialenios School on the Island ofSpeteses, Greece from 18-30 August 2002. The ASI was attended by a total of 91 scholars from 23 different countries. A group of 27 speakers presented a series of 34 highly stimulating, informative and educational lectures covering a broad range of topics relevant to the general theme ofthis meeting: Science at the InteifaceofChemistry, Biology and Medicine. The lectures were complemented by a total of 89 posters presented by the young scholars and a series of short lectures derived thereof This was clearly one ofthe highlites of the meeting creating a lively atmosphere of interaction and intellectual creativity - typical phenomena for the whole meeting. Front Matter....Pages i-x Nitric Oxide: A Simple Free Radical with Complex Chemistry and Biology....Pages 1-19 Glycopeptides and Glycoproteins: Synthetic Chemistry and Biology....Pages 21-33 Signal Regulated Gene Expression Mediated by Transcription Factors-Members of AP-1 and ETS/SRF Family Members: Pathways for Potential Therapeutic Intervention....Pages 35-38 Biological Activities of the Phosphoinositide Derivatives, the Glycerophosphoinositols....Pages 39-49 Chemical Synthesis of all Naturally Occurring Phosphorylated Inositol Phospholipids....Pages 51-62 Molecules of the Inositol Phospholipid Pathway — Enzyme Assisted Syntheses....Pages 63-81 Phosphatidylinositol Specific Phospholipases C: Structure and Mechanism of Action....Pages 83-92 Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Signal Trans-Activation....Pages 93-103 From Sequence to Consequence: Structural Biology and Rational Drug Design in the Age of Genomics....Pages 105-119 Leukocyte-Derived Myeloperoxidase is a Physiological Nitric Oxide and Nitrite Oxidase: Functions Beyond Host Defense....Pages 121-135 Lipoic Acid, a Metabolic Antioxidant Stimulates the Insulin Signaling Pathway in Adipocytes and Counteracts Oxidative Stress and Age Related Mitochondrial and Cognitive Dysfunction....Pages 137-144 Lipid Peroxidation and Oxidative Stress Induced Etheno- DNA Adducts in Humans and Rodents....Pages 145-152 Brassinosteroids: A New Role of Steroids as Bio-Signaling Molecules....Pages 153-165 Dopamine Influence on Glutamatergic and Gabaergic Interaction in Neocortex of Awaked Brain....Pages 167-180 Study of Human Replication Protein a by Photoaffinity Labeling Technique....Pages 181-192 Photoaffinity Probes in Molecular Biology of DNA Replication and DNA Repair....Pages 193-205 Neoglycoconjugates as Probes in Glycobiology....Pages 207-225 Glycosylphosphatidylinositol Anchors....Pages 227-233 Development of New Synthetic Tools for the Preparation of Biologically Active Molecules....Pages 235-244 Quaternary Benzo[C]Phenanthridine Alkaloids — Biological Activities....Pages 245-254 The Fundamental Role of Melanocortins in Brain Processes....Pages 255-267 Carbon Isotope Effects as a Tool to Study Photosynthesis....Pages 269-285 Homogeneous DNA Detection....Pages 287-296 Unlocking Mechanisms in Gene Therapy, Stress and Proteomics....Pages 297-316 Cationic Lipid-Nucleic Acid Complexes (Lipoplexes): From Physicochemical Properties to In Vitro and In Vivo Transfection Kits....Pages 317-344 Multivalency in Biological Systems....Pages 345-357 Protein Assembly to Mine the Human Genome....Pages 359-369 Synthesis of Biologically Important Oligosaccharides and Carbohydrate Mimics....Pages 371-378 Enzymatic Synthesis of Carbohydrate Ligands for Natural Killer Cells....Pages 379-389 From Tyrphostins to Iressa and Gleevec: Signal Transduction Therapy from Concept to the Patient Bed....Pages 391-402 Back Matter....Pages 403-409 This NATO Advanced Study Institute (co-sponsored by FEBS and INTAS) under the title "Chemical Probes in Biology" was designed to summarize and disseminate recent expert knowledge regarding a deeper understanding ofbiological phenomena on a molecular level. Such scientific activities -frequently termed Bio-organic Chemistry or Chemical Biology Ư are constituting a highly interdisciplinary branch of chemistry beyond the traditional ways in which chemists and biologists have been working in the past. Thus, on this occasion we were bringing together senior experts from the disciplines of Chemistry and Biology in order to amalgamate their diverse yet basically common interests in this area. Ultimate goal was - next to an exchange of information between the two scientific cultures - the communication ofexciting possibilities in interdisciplinary research to the young scientists present. The meeting was held in the Anargyros and Korgialenios School on the Island ofSpeteses, Greece from 18-30 August 2002. The ASI was attended by a total of 91 scholars from 23 different countries. A group of 27 speakers presented a series of 34 highly stimulating, informative and educational lectures covering a broad range of topics relevant to the general theme ofthis meeting: Science at the InteifaceofChemistry, Biology and Medicine. The lectures were complemented by a total of 89 posters presented by the young scholars and a series of short lectures derived thereof This was clearly one ofthe highlites of the meeting creating a lively atmosphere of interaction and intellectual creativity - typical phenomena for the whole meeting The field of Bio-organic Chemistry or Chemical Biology, as it it also called, constitutes a highly interdisciplinary branch of chemistry, beyond the traditional pathways in which chemists and biologists have been working in the past. The topics covered in this book include inter alia: anticancer agents, antioxidants, chemotaxis, carbohydrates, DNA detection and delivery, enzyme structure, enzyme assisted syntheses, fluorescent probes, gene therapy, genomics, inositol phospholipids, inositol phosphates, multivalent ligands, organic syntheses, oxidative stress, photoaffinity labeling techniques, natural products - syntheses and biological activities, phospholipases, proteomics, receptors such as tyrosine kinases, signal transduction phenomena, x-ray crystallography and many more. The book represents an excellent survey of the current stete of the art in an exciting area of interdisciplinary science and supplies an incentive for increased cooperation in Science at the Interface of Chemistry, Biology and Medicine