Challenges of Psychoanalysis in the 21st Century: "Psychoanalysis, Health, And Psychosexuality In The Era Of Virtual Reality"

This book is the proceedings of an International Conference on Challenges of Psychoanalysis in the 21st Century: Psychoanalysis, Health and Psychosexuality in the Era of Virtual Reality, held 15-17 September, 2000, in Geneva, Switzerland. Psychoanalysis has become a basic psychiatric science in very much the same way as the neurosciences or epidemiology. However, there is a certain present-day discrediting of psychoanalysis as a therapeutic tool stemming, to some extent, from the reluctance of psychoanalysts to submit their theories and practice to scientific scrutiny. However, as we see in this book, there is a certain movement in psychoanalysis to introduce reliable measures that would allow for a scientific evaluation of its results as a therapeutic device. Although there are great variations in respect to the role ascribed to psychoanalytic techniques in different countries, a clear upsurge of interest is apparent nowadays. During discussion of psychoanalysis and virtual reality in the new millennium, it was predicted that in the next century the differences between the conscious, unconscious, and the pre-conscious will have to be reconsidered in view of the ever-expanding concepts created by virtual reality. There will be virtual sexual acts over the Internet, ovum parthenogenesis will be possible without the intervention of the male, and clonic reproduction of the human being will be carried out in the laboratory. The child born in these circumstances will relate to a widening array of potential parental figures: the classic heterosexual couple, the single-parent family, the homosexual couple, the transsexual figure, etc. All this will of course alter the classic Oedipal constellation and without doubt the gender identity of the child. There will be attempts to undergo psychoanalysis via the Internet in the same way that other kinds of psychotherapy are being virtualized. But this will force us to redefine transference. On the other hand, it seems likely that psychoanalysis as a psychotherapeutic tool will, in the 21st century, relate more to somatic, medical patients or to the `worried well' than to psychiatric patients. These brief considerations on the scope of our deliberations in some way explain the diversity of this book, but also justify its interest. Front Matter....Pages i-xv Some Questions on Virtual Reality and Psychoanalysis....Pages 1-4 External Reality and Virtual Reality....Pages 5-8 Psychoanalysis and the New Technologies....Pages 9-16 A Psychoanalyst: Between an Excess of the Virtual and an Excess of Realism....Pages 17-21 Castration, an Illusory Virtual Reality....Pages 23-38 From S. Freud to J. Bowlby: Infantile Sexuality; Is it Still a Scandalous Subject?....Pages 39-44 New Psychoanalytic Views on Bisexuality....Pages 45-53 Psychosexuality and Borderline Disorders....Pages 55-60 Narcissism and Society....Pages 61-65 Psychoanalysis and Health....Pages 67-72 From Medicine to Psychoanalysis and Psychosomatics....Pages 73-82 Psychoanalysis and Primary Health Care....Pages 83-100 Training General Practitioners in the Psychoanalytical Aspects of Mental Health....Pages 101-110 Who and What is Psychoanalysis For Today? 1 ....Pages 111-115 The Paradoxes of Seeking ‘Psychoanalytic’ Help for Private Matters in Public Places....Pages 117-122 A Psychoanalytic Perspective on the Future of Mental Health....Pages 123-131 Scope and Limitations of Psychoanalysis in Clinical Psychiatry....Pages 133-148 Does Child Psychoanalysis Exist?....Pages 149-150 Early Disorders in Young Children: The Psychoanalysis of Future Adults....Pages 151-155 The Outcome of Psychoanalysis: The Work of the Anna Freud Centre....Pages 157-178 Vestiges of Childhood and Adult Psychoanalysis....Pages 179-183 Concluding Remarks....Pages 185-186 Back Matter....Pages 187-190