Cellular and Molecular Effects of Mineral and Synthetic Dusts and Fibres (Nato ASI Subseries H:, 85)

Presented here are recent data on the mechanisms of action of different dusts and fibres of industrial interest. Emphasis is placed on the use of cell and organ culture and lavage cell populations obtained from man and laboratory animals to elucidate cellular and molecular events occurring after their interaction with fibrous and non-fibrous particulates including metal compounds. In four sections, the volume provides research findings in the following areas: - Cellular and Metabolic Changes Caused by Mineral Dusts - Molecular Changes and DNA Alterations Produced by Mineral Dusts - In Vivo Dust-Related Pathological Processes. Correlations Between in Vitro and in Vivo Data - Physico-Chemical Properties of Minerals in Relation to Their Biological Effects. Front Matter....Pages I-X The Role of Active Oxygen Species in Uptake of Mineral Particles by Tracheobronchial Epithelial Cells....Pages 1-8 Oxygen Radical Generation by Asbestos and Its Correlation to Cytotoxicity....Pages 9-21 Fiber-Induced Hydroxyl Radical Formation and DNA Damage....Pages 23-37 Involvement of the Oxidative Stress in the Toxicity of Iron-Containing Particles on Tracheal Epithelium in Primary Culture....Pages 39-51 The Role of Iron in Asbestos-Induced Cancer....Pages 53-61 Time-Lapse Video Light Microscopic and Electron Microscopic Observations of Vertebrate Epithelial Cells Exposed to Crocidolite Asbestos....Pages 63-78 The effect of MMMF on the kinetics of cytokine expression in murine lung populations: Role in fibre-induced disease....Pages 79-90 The Second Messenger System in Diseases Caused by Mineral Dusts....Pages 91-108 Transcriptional Regulation of IL-1ß and IL-6 by TNF-α in Asbestosis is Mediated by NF-IL6-like Motifs....Pages 109-125 Type II Epithelial Cell Proliferation and Surfactant Lipid Turnover in Silicosis....Pages 127-139 Role of Nitric Oxide Radicals in Asbestos-Induced Injury....Pages 141-149 Cytotoxicity and cell stimulating activity of ultrafine titanium dioxide....Pages 151-158 Carcinogenic Effects in Rats of Exposure to Different Minerals from Metallic Mine Ores, Radon and Radon Daughters....Pages 159-164 Biological Effects of a New Type of Pure Carbon (Fullerenes) in vitro ....Pages 165-169 Augmentation in the Differential Oxidative DNA-Damage by Asbestos in Presence of H 2 O 2 and Organic Peroxide/Hydroperoxide....Pages 171-181 In Vitro DNA and Chromosome Damage Produced by Some Minerals and Man Made Particles on Rat Pleural Mesothelial Cells (RPMC) — Mechanisms and Relationship with in Vivo Experimental Findings....Pages 183-192 Evaluation of Proinflammatory Cytokine Expression in Alveolar Macrophages and in the Lung of Pneumoconiotic Patients....Pages 193-204 Activation of Early Cellular Responses by Asbestos: Induction of c- FOS and c- JUN Protooncogene Expression in Rat Pleural Mesothelial Cells....Pages 205-213 Molecular Alterations in Murine Mesotheliomas Induced by Crocidolite Asbestos....Pages 215-220 Long and short amosite asbestos samples: comparison of chromosome-damaging effects to cells in culture with in vivo pathogenicity....Pages 221-225 Induction of DNA — Damage after Rats Exposure to Crocidolite Asbestos Fibers....Pages 227-232 Unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) induced in vitro by cadmium in tracheal epithelial cells of rat and hamster....Pages 233-238 Pulmonary toxicity of cobalt-containing dusts....Pages 239-246 Chronic Inhalation Toxicity of Fibrous Glass in Rats....Pages 247-254 A comparison of alveolar macrophage cytotoxicity and ability to cause inflammation in the mouse peritoneal cavity for a range of different fibre types at equal fibre number....Pages 255-261 Correlation of in vitro and in vivo Studies on the Bioeffects of Mineral Particles....Pages 263-272 Comparative studies with natural and man-made mineral fibres in vitro and in vivo....Pages 273-284 Comparisons of Pulmonary Effects in Rats Exposed to Size-Separated Preparations of Para-Aramid Or Chrysotile Asbestos Fibres After 2-Week Inhalation Exposures....Pages 285-298 Investigation of the Biodurability and Carcinogenicity of Different Man-Made Mineral Fibres....Pages 299-304 Quantitative relationship between emphysema and lung minerals in man....Pages 305-310 Carcinogenic Asbestos Fibers in the Parietal Pleura....Pages 311-316 Pleural Lesions Induced by Mineral Dusts, Fibers and Chemicals....Pages 317-323 Comparisons of in vitro Cytotoxicity Results with in vivo Pulmonary Effects Following Inhalation Exposures to a Variety of Mineral Dusts: How Well Do They Compare?....Pages 325-336 Particle-Associated Hydrocarbons and Lung Cancer: the Correlation Between Cellular Dosimetry and Tumor Distribution....Pages 337-346 Which Surface Functionalities are implied in Dust Toxicity?....Pages 347-358 Role of Transition Metal Compounds in the Capacity of Dusts to Generate Electrophilic Species....Pages 359-367 Surface Properties of Respirable Silicate and Aluminosilicate Dusts Affecting Bioavailability....Pages 369-379 Significance of Surface Properties of Quartz and Quartz-Containing Mineral Dusts to the Pulmonary Toxicity....Pages 381-386 The cytotoxicity of respirable coal dusts....Pages 387-396 Appearance of very electrophilic species generated by some iron oxides: effect of iron chelators and reducing agents....Pages 397-402 Kinetics of Asbestos-Induced Haemolysis of Human Red Blood Cells....Pages 403-410 Oxidising Activity of Some Metallic Dusts in Relation to Oxidative Stress Mechanisms....Pages 411-416 Identification and Quantification of Fibre-Induced Lipid Peroxidation Products By GC-MSD....Pages 417-424 Effect of Chelators on the Surface Properties of Asbestos....Pages 425-432 Back Matter....Pages 433-437