Castles and Fortified Cities of Medieval Europe. An Illustrated History

В средние века замки, крепости и другие укрепленные сооружения общей чертой европейского ландшафта. Несмотря на недостатки строительной техники и рабочей силы, средневековых укрепления строились с учетом новых политических обстоятельств и военных технологий. Эта книга - иллюстрированное руководство по архитектуре средневековых укреплений, вплоть до крепостей и укрепленных городов 15-го и 16-го веков. В сотнях подробных и тщательных рисунках художник Жан-Дени Г. Лепаж знакомит читателя с гетерогенной группой зданий, чьи уникальные характеристики показывают развитие и разнообразие европейской средневековой военной архитектуры. Каждый рисунок сопровождается подробным текстом, описывающий тип зданий (например, замок Ров-и-Бейли) и особенности замков и городов (Мон-Сен-Мишель, Иерусалим). Элементы средневековых военной техники и оружия также показаны на рисунках, сопровожденных текстом. During the Middle Ages, castles and other fortified buildings were a common feature of the European landscape. As central powers rose and fell, the insecurity of the times inspired a revival of fortifications first introduced in the Roman Empire. Despite limitations in construction techniques and manpower, medieval fortifications were continuously adapted to meet new political circumstances and weapons technology. Here is an illustrated guide to the architecture of medieval fortifications, from the first castles to the fortified cities of the 15th and 16th centuries. In hundreds of detailed and thoroughly researched pen-and-ink drawings, historian and artist Jean-Denis G. G. Lepage introduces the reader to the development and diversity of European medieval military architecture. Each drawing is accompanied by meticulous descriptions of types of buildings (e.g., motte-and-bailey castles), built-in defenses (arrow slits, pepper-pot towers), and particular castles and cities (the Mont-Saint-Michel, the city of Jerusalem). Elements of medieval warfare and weaponry are also covered in drawings and text. During The Middle Ages, Castles And Other Fortified Buildings Were A Common Feature Of The European Landscape. As Central Powers Rose And Fell, The Insecurity Of The Times Inspired A Revival Of Fortifications First Introduced In The Roman Empire. Despite Limitations In Construction Techniques And Manpower, Medieval Fortifications Were Continuously Adapted To Meet New Political Circumstances And Weapons Technology. Here Is An Illustrated Guide To The Architecture Of Medieval Fortifications, From The First Castles To The Fortified Cities Of The 15th And 16th Centuries. In Hundreds Of Detailed And Thoroughly Researched Pen-and-ink Drawings, Historian And Artist Jean-denis G.g. Lepage Introduces The Reader To The Development And Diversity Of European Medieval Military Architecture. Each Drawing Is Accompanied By Meticulous Descriptions Of Types Of Buildings (e.g., Motte-and-bailey Castles), Built-in Defenses (arrow Slits, Pepper-pot Towers), And Particular Castles And Cities (the Mont-saint-michel, The City Of Jerusalem). Elements Of Medieval Warfare And Weaponry Are Also Covered In Drawings And Text.--p. [4] Of Cover. The Decline Of Fortifications From The 5th To The 9th Centuries -- Roman Fortifications -- The Barbarian Invasions -- The Merovingian Dynasty -- The Byzantine Empire -- The Arabs And Islam -- The Catholic Church -- The Carolingian Empire -- The Scandinavian Invasions -- Feudal Society -- The Revival Of Military Architecture From The 10th To The 12th Centuries -- Early Medieval Fortifications -- The Motte-and-bailey Castle -- The First Masonry Donjons -- Daily Life In Early Castles -- The Evolution Of Castles In The 12th Century -- The Crusades -- Medieval Siege Warfare -- Garrison And Fighting Force -- The Evolution And Apogee Of Medieval Castles In The 13th And 14th Centuries -- The Evolution Of Castles In The 13th Century -- The Internal Arrangement Of Castles -- The Design And Construction Of Fortifications -- The Evolution Of Castles And Fortifications In The 14th Century -- Transitional Fortifications In The 15th And 16th Centuries -- Gunpowder And Early Guns -- The Development And Influence Of Firearms -- Siege Warfare With Firearms -- Transitional Fortifications -- Artillery Fortifications In The Early 16th Century -- The Bastioned System -- European Towns From The 12th To The 16th Century -- The Rebirth And Growth Of Cities -- Urban Emancipation -- Urban Fortifications -- Suburbs -- Private Urban Fortifications -- Urban Militia -- The Citadel -- Medieval Urbanism -- Religious And Public Buildings. Jean-denis G.g. Lepage. Includes Bibliographical References (p. 326) And Index.