CASE STUDIES IN MEDICAL IMAGING: RADIOLOGY FOR STUDENTS AND TRAINEES; ED. BY ANIL T. AHUJA

This book is written as a system-based clinical-radiological review providing images from the latest available imaging modalities and covers all major diseases that are encountered in everyday clinical practice. A problem-orientated approach is used. Every chapter contains a collection of clinical cases, each with a short clinical description and initial imaging followed by pertinent questions regarding the imaging findings (colour coded in red outline). The second part of each chapter contains the case diagnosis, a discussion of the role of imaging in the presenting problem, a recommended sequence for further imaging evaluation, and illustrative examples of the same disease using different imaging modalities for further investigation. Images of conditions in the differential diagnosis are also provided (colour coded in blue outline). This textbook is written by experienced radiologists working in undergraduate and postgraduate medical education. It will serve as an ideal text for medical students and radiology trainees. Cover......Page 1 Half-title......Page 3 Title......Page 5 Copyright......Page 6 Contents......Page 7 Contributors......Page 8 Preface......Page 10 CHEST......Page 13 Pneumonia......Page 35 Role of imaging in patients with pneumonia......Page 36 Lung collapse......Page 37 Pneumothorax......Page 39 Pneumomediastinum......Page 40 Primary lung carcinoma......Page 42 Pancoast tumour......Page 44 Pulmonary metastases......Page 45 Pleural effusion......Page 47 Empyema......Page 48 Lung abscess......Page 49 Post-primary pulmonary tuberculosis......Page 50 Cystic bronchiectasis......Page 52 Chronic obstructive airways disease......Page 54 Lymphoma......Page 55 Silicosis......Page 57 Pulmonary embolism......Page 58 Re-expansion pulmonary oedema......Page 60 Trauma......Page 61 Congestive cardiac failure......Page 63 Pathophysiology......Page 65 Pathophysiology......Page 68 CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM......Page 69 Subarachnoid haemorrhage......Page 83 Extradural haematoma......Page 88 Subdural haematoma......Page 90 Obstructive hydrocephalus......Page 93 Brain abscess......Page 95 Brain metastases......Page 99 Depressed fracture......Page 103 Infarct......Page 107 Intracerebral haemorrhage......Page 112 Pituitary macroadenoma......Page 117 Multiple sclerosis......Page 120 Meningioma......Page 125 Astrocytoma......Page 127 VASCULAR......Page 135 Ruptured intracranial aneurysm......Page 147 Role of imaging in patients with acute subarachnoid haemorrhage......Page 148 Carotid artery stenosis......Page 151 Role of imaging in carotid artery stenosis......Page 152 Abdominal aortic aneurysm......Page 153 Role of imaging in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm......Page 154 Iliac artery stenosis......Page 156 Occlusion of superficial femoral artery......Page 158 Dissecting abdominal aortic aneurysm......Page 161 Role of imaging in aortic dissection......Page 162 Gastrointestinal bleeding......Page 165 Role of imaging in gastrointestinal bleeding......Page 167 Renal artery stenosis......Page 168 Ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma......Page 172 Role of imaging in spontaneous hepatocellular carcinoma rupture......Page 173 Deep vein thrombosis......Page 174 Role of imaging in deep vein thrombosis......Page 176 Superior vena cava obstruction/ syndrome......Page 177 Role of imaging in superior vena cava obstruction/syndrome......Page 178 MUSCULOSKELETAL......Page 181 Hyperparathyroidism......Page 198 Role of imaging in patients with hyperparathyroidism......Page 200 Multiple myeloma......Page 201 Role of imaging in patients with multiple myeloma......Page 204 Septic arthritis......Page 205 Role of imaging in patients with septic arthritis......Page 206 Rheumatoid arthritis......Page 208 Role of imaging in patients with rheumatoid arthritis......Page 209 Degenerative joint disease......Page 210 Role of imaging in patients with degenerative joint disease......Page 211 Ankylosing spondylitis......Page 212 Role of imaging in patients with ankylosing spondylitis......Page 213 Avascular necrosis of the femoral head......Page 214 Role of imaging in patients with avascular necrosis......Page 215 Gouty arthritis......Page 216 Role of imaging in patients with gouty arthritis......Page 217 Osteosarcoma......Page 218 Role of imaging in patients with osteosarcoma......Page 221 Ewing’s sarcoma......Page 222 Role of imaging in patients with Ewing’s sarcoma......Page 223 Multiple bone metastases......Page 224 Haemophilic arthropathy......Page 227 Role of imaging in patients with discitis/spinal osteomyelitis......Page 228 Chronic osteomyelitis of tibia......Page 230 Role of imaging in patients with suppurative osteomyelitis......Page 231 Pathological spinal fracture......Page 232 Degenerative intervertebral discs with prolapse and spinal canal stenosis......Page 234 Role of imaging in degenerative disc disease:......Page 236 TRAUMA......Page 239 Colles’ fracture......Page 251 Role of imaging in patients with wrist fractures......Page 252 Role of imaging in patients with hip fractures......Page 253 Anterior shoulder dislocation......Page 255 Role of imaging in patients with shoulder dislocation......Page 257 Role of imaging in patients with osteoporotic spinal fractures......Page 258 Pathological fracture......Page 259 Role of imaging in patients with suspected pathological fractures......Page 260 Incomplete fractures of radius and ulna......Page 261 Role of imaging in patients with incomplete fractures......Page 262 Supracondylar fracture......Page 263 Role of imaging in patients with supracondylar fractures......Page 264 Role of imaging in patients with tibial plateau fractures......Page 265 Teardrop fracture of C3 vertebral body......Page 266 Role of imaging in patients with cervical spine trauma:......Page 267 Fracture of T12......Page 269 Role of imaging in patients with spinal injury......Page 270 Role of imaging in patients with rheumatoid arthritis involving the atlanto-axial joint......Page 271 GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM......Page 273 Pneumoperitoneum......Page 285 Small bowel obstruction at the jejunal level......Page 288 Mechanical distal large bowel obstruction......Page 291 Sigmoid volvulus......Page 293 Gallstone ileus......Page 295 Acute appendicitis......Page 297 Acute mesenteric infarction......Page 301 Carcinoma of the colon......Page 304 Colonic diverticulosis......Page 309 Carcinoma of oesophagus......Page 311 Crohn’s disease......Page 313 GENITOURINARY SYSTEM......Page 317 Left renal calculus with calyceal obstruction......Page 330 Left ureteric stone with obstruction......Page 335 Carcinoma of cervix......Page 340 Renal neoplasm such as renal cell carcinoma......Page 344 Renal laceration......Page 350 Carcinoma of the bladder......Page 352 Bladder stone......Page 355 Calcified uterine fibroid......Page 358 Conn’s syndrome......Page 361 Acute left testicular torsion......Page 365 Testicular tumour......Page 366 Ovarian mass, confirmed to be a mucinous cystadenoma at surgery......Page 368 HEPATOBILIARY SYSTEM......Page 371 Gallstone......Page 383 Acute cholecystitis......Page 385 Acute cholangitis......Page 387 Hepatic haemangioma......Page 389 Hepatocellular carcinoma......Page 391 Pyogenic liver abscess......Page 394 Hepatic metastases from a carcinoma of colon......Page 396 Splenic rupture......Page 398 Acute pancreatitis......Page 400 Chronic pancreatitis......Page 403 Carcinoma of the head of the pancreas with multiple hepatic metastases......Page 405 HEAD & NECK......Page 407 Radio-opaque foreign body, probably a piece of bone......Page 417 Acute epiglottitis......Page 419 Retropharyngeal abscess......Page 421 Chronic sinusitis......Page 423 Left carotid-cavernous fistula......Page 425 Parathyroid adenoma (in view of the clinical history and biochemical findings,......Page 427 Acoustic neuroma......Page 430 Optic neuritis......Page 433 Fracture floor of left orbital with inferior rectus entrapment......Page 435 PAEDIATRIC......Page 437 Respiratory distress syndrome (Hyaline membrane disease,......Page 449 Necrotizing enterocolitis......Page 452 Duodenal obstruction, due to duodenal atresia (confirmed at surgery......Page 454 Sealed off meconium peritonitis with in-utero perfraction and calcified meconium in peritoneal cavity......Page 456 Oesophageal atresia with a tracheooesophageal fistula......Page 457 Choledochal cyst......Page 459 Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis......Page 460 Intussusception......Page 461 Non-accidental injury......Page 464 Bilateral grade V vesico-ureteric reflux, causing repeated......Page 466 Croup/laryngotracheobronchitis......Page 468 BREAST......Page 469 Breast cyst......Page 475 Fibroadenomas......Page 477 Phyllode tumour......Page 479 Breast carcinoma......Page 480 Ductal carcinoma in situ......Page 482 FOREIGN BODIES......Page 483 1. Endotracheal and tracheostomy tubes......Page 484 2. Chest drain......Page 485 3. Nasogastric tube......Page 486 4. Central venous catheters......Page 487 5. Swan-Ganz catheters......Page 488 6. Cardiac pacemaker leads......Page 489 1. Nephrostomy tubes and ureteric stents......Page 491 2. Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage tubes......Page 492 4. Intra-uterine contraceptive devices......Page 494 5. Tubal ligation clips......Page 496 1. Ventriculo-peritoneal shunts......Page 497 References......Page 501 This book is written as a system-based clinical–radiological review providing images from the latest available imaging modalities and covers all major diseases that are encountered in everyday clinical practice. A problem-orientated approach is used. Each chapter contains a collection of clinical cases each with a short clinical description and initial imaging followed by pertinent questions regarding the imaging findings (colour coded in red outline). The second part of each chapter contains the case diagnosis, a discussion of the role of imaging in the presenting problem, a recommended sequence for further imaging evaluation, and illustrative examples of the same disease using different imaging modalities for further investigation. Images of conditions in the differential diagnosis are also provided (colour coded in blue outline). This book is written by experienced radiologists currently working in undergraduate and postgraduate medical education. The cases are a collection of their illustrative teaching material. "This book is written as a system-based clinical-radiological review providing images from the latest available imaging modalities and it covers all major diseases that are envountered in everyday clinical practice. A problem-orientated approach is used. Each chapter contains a collection of clinical cases, each with a short clinical description and initial imaging followed by pertinent questions regarding the imaging findings (colour coded in red outline)." "This book is written by experienced radiologists currently working in undergraduate and postgraduate medical education. The cases are a collection of their illustrative teaching material."--BOOK JACKET This is an imaging handbook for medical undergraduates, junior doctors and paramedical personnel. It attempts to bridge the wide knowledge gap between what is taught in medical schools and what is required in everyday practice. Emphasis is placed on using images rather than words to convey knowledge.