Cardiovascular Disease: Molecular And Cellular Mechanisms, Prevention, And Treatment (gwumc Department Of Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Annual Spring Symposia)

The Sixth Annual International Spring Symposium on Health Sciences, held in Washington, D. C. , in May 1986, brought together over 650 scientists from 19 countries to review and update research on cardiovascular disease. In this volume, which contains 59 chapters, an internationally recognized group of authors con­ tribute up-to-date accounts of molecular and cellular processes occurring in the vessel wall in atherogenesis and describe approaches to the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis. The volume is divided into six major sections. Two sections deal with current aspects of lipoprotein metabolism. In Part I, we are alerted to the impact on li­ poprotein metabolism of structural heterogeneity within the four broad lipoprotein classes. Attention then turns to the components that orchestrate lipoprotein metab­ olism. Apolipoprotein identities, processing, and functions are described, as are the roles of lipid transfer proteins in plasma lipoprotein remodeling. Hepatic lipase synthesis and secretion are described. In Part II, Nobel Laureates Michael S. Brown and Joseph L. Goldstein describe mutations in the LDL receptor that reveal the functions of its various domains and point out how understanding the LDL receptor has provided a rational basis for its regulation. A discussion of the role of receptors in regulating cholesterol uptake by tissues follows, with emphasis on receptor-ligand interactions. Additional pathways for cholesterol delivery to cells are explored, as are pathways for cholesterol egress. Front Matter....Pages i-xv Front Matter....Pages 1-1 An Overview of Lipoprotein Metabolism....Pages 3-8 Analysis of the in Vitro Translation Product of mRNA Coding for Chick Intestine Apolipoprotein A-I....Pages 9-13 Use of DNA Polymorphisms to Investigate the Role of Apolipoprotein B in the Determination of Serum Cholesterol Levels....Pages 15-20 Human Apolipoprotein B....Pages 21-32 Genomic Structure, Biosynthesis, and Processing of Preproapolipoprotein C-II....Pages 33-50 Synthesis and Secretion of Hepatic Lipase by Rat Hepatocytes....Pages 51-59 Relationships of Changes in Postheparin Hepatic and Lipoprotein Lipase Activity to HDL-Cholesterol Changes Following Weight Loss Achieved by Dieting versus Exercise....Pages 61-68 Lecithin-Cholesterol Acyltransferase and Plasma Lipid Transfer Protein....Pages 69-76 Front Matter....Pages 77-77 Receptor-Mediated Regulation of Cholesterol Metabolism....Pages 79-85 The Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor....Pages 87-91 The Role of Apolipoprotein E and the Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor in Modulating the in Vivo Metabolism of Apolipoprotein-B-Containing Lipoproteins....Pages 93-102 Uptake of LDL-Sized Particles Extracted from Human Aortic Lesions by Macrophages in Culture....Pages 103-119 The J774 Macrophage Model of Native LDL-Induced Foam Cell Formation....Pages 121-132 Derivatization of Apo-Low-Density Lipoprotein Lysine Residues by Lipid Peroxidation Products during Low-Density Lipoprotein Oxidation....Pages 133-138 Ingress and Egress of Cholesterol....Pages 139-144 Preferential Uptake of Core Lipids of HDL 3 by Hep G2 Cells....Pages 145-150 Free Apolipoproteins A-I and A-IV Present in Human Plasma Displace High-Density Lipoprotein on Cultured Bovine Aortic Endothelial Cells....Pages 151-155 Major Gene and Environmental Determinants of High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol....Pages 157-163 Familial Combined Hyperlipidemia and Familial Hypertriglyceridemia....Pages 165-169 Front Matter....Pages 171-171 Mediators of Neovascularization....Pages 173-176 Front Matter....Pages 171-171 The Extracellular Matrix as a Modulator of Angiogenesis....Pages 177-183 The Extracellular Matrix Produced during Angiogenesis in Culture....Pages 185-192 Neovascularization Induced by the Cellular Component of Atherosclerotic Plaque....Pages 193-198 Heparinlike Species and Inhibition of Proliferation in the Vessel Wall....Pages 199-209 Lymphocyte Interactions with Endothelial Cells....Pages 211-217 Transition of Smooth Muscle Cells from the Quiescent to the Proliferative Form....Pages 219-225 Transformation of Rabbit Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells by SV40 Virus....Pages 227-234 Transforming Sequences Associated with Atherosclerotic Plaque DNA....Pages 235-247 Front Matter....Pages 249-249 Thrombospondin....Pages 251-253 Thrombin and Factor Xa Uptake and Inhibition by Cultured Bovine Aortic Endothelial Cells, Smooth Muscle Cells, and Rat Hepatoma Cells....Pages 255-263 Behavior of Rabbit Antithrombin III at the Surface of the Normal and Deendothelialized Rabbit Thoracic Aorta in Vitro and in Vivo ....Pages 265-275 In Vitro and in Vivo Antithrombotic Effect of a Collagen-Derived Octapeptide....Pages 277-281 The Fibrinolytic System of Cultured Endothelial Cells....Pages 283-289 Prostaglandin Synthesis in Atherosclerotic Human Carotid Artery....Pages 291-297 Interactions of Alcohol and Prostanoids in the Vascular System....Pages 299-321 Extracellular Nucleotide Hydrolysis and the Integration of Signaling....Pages 323-328 Specific Inhibition by BN 52021 and Structurally Related Compounds of the PAF-Acether-lnduced Increase in Cytosolic Free Calcium....Pages 329-334 Front Matter....Pages 335-335 The Development and Use of Animal Models in Atherosclerosis Research....Pages 337-357 Atherosclerosis and Viral Gene in Japanese Quail....Pages 359-364 Pathogenesis of Coronary Artery Spasm....Pages 365-368 Front Matter....Pages 335-335 Effects of Partial Ileal Bypass Surgery on Low-Density Lipoprotein Metabolism in Watanabe Heritable Hyperlipidemic Rabbits....Pages 369-372 Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis of Female Cynomolgus Monkeys....Pages 373-379 Endogenous Sex Steroids and Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis in Cynomolgus Macaques....Pages 381-387 Platelet-Active Agents in the Management of Thrombotic Disorders....Pages 389-396 Lipid-Lowering Drugs in the Treatment of Atherosclerosis....Pages 397-405 Failure of Antiplatelet Treatment in Dietary Atherosclerosis....Pages 407-426 Recovery of Thromboxane A 2 and Prostacyclin Production in Vivo Following Single-Dose Aspirin Treatment....Pages 427-435 Mevinolin and Neomycin in the Treatment of Type II Hyperlipoproteinemia....Pages 437-442 Effect of High-Density Lipoproteins on Experimental Atherosclerosis....Pages 443-451 Front Matter....Pages 453-453 Changes in Postprandial Serum Lipids and Blood Viscosity before and after n -3 Fatty Acid Consumption....Pages 455-461 The Absorbability of Free and Esterified Eicosapentaenoic Acid....Pages 463-481 Stimulatory Action of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Pyruvate Oxidation....Pages 483-493 Influence of Polyenoic Acids on Arachidonic Acid Metabolism and Platelet Function....Pages 495-505 The Effects of Two Dietary Fats on Hepatic VLDL Secretion and Composition in the Rhesus Monkey....Pages 507-513 Reduction of Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol by Dietary Intervention in Children at High Risk for Premature Coronary Artery Disease....Pages 515-520 Protein and Carbohydrate Effects in Atherosclerosis....Pages 521-531 Dietary Fiber and Atherosclerosis....Pages 533-555 Diet and High-Density Lipoprotein Metabolism....Pages 557-562 Diet and Coronary Heart Disease....Pages 563-570 Back Matter....Pages 571-591 The Sixth Annual International Spring Symposium on Health Sciences, held in Washington, D.C., in May 1986, brought together over 650 scientists from 19 countries to review and update research on cardiovascular disease. In this volume, which contains 59 chapters, an internationally recognized group of authors conƯ tribute up-to-date accounts of molecular and cellular processes occurring in the vessel wall in atherogenesis and describe approaches to the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis. The volume is divided into six major sections. Two sections deal with current aspects of lipoprotein metabolism. In Part I, we are alerted to the impact on liƯ poprotein metabolism of structural heterogeneity within the four broad lipoprotein classes. Attention then turns to the components that orchestrate lipoprotein metabƯ olism. Apolipoprotein identities, processing, and functions are described, as are the roles of lipid transfer proteins in plasma lipoprotein remodeling. Hepatic lipase synthesis and secretion are described. In Part II, Nobel Laureates Michael S. Brown and Joseph L. Goldstein describe mutations in the LDL receptor that reveal the functions of its various domains and point out how understanding the LDL receptor has provided a rational basis for its regulation. A discussion of the role of receptors in regulating cholesterol uptake by tissues follows, with emphasis on receptor-ligand interactions. Additional pathways for cholesterol delivery to cells are explored, as are pathways for cholesterol egress