Cancer Stem Cells In Solid Tumors (stem Cell Biology And Regenerative Medicine)

The “cancer stem cell” hypothesis postulates that cancer arises from a subpopulation of tumor-initiating cells or cancer stem cells (CSCs). While the idea of cancer stem cells has been around for more than a hundred years, evidence from the fields of hematology and cancer biology has now demonstrated the critical role of stem cells in hematological malignancies and suggested that these same mechanisms are also central to the initiation, progression, and treatment of solid cancers. Clinical and experimental studies have shown that CSCs exhibit many classical properties of normal stem cells, including a high self-renewal capacity and the ability to generate heterogeneous lineages; the requirement for a specific “niche”/microenvironment to grow; and an increased capacity for self-protection against harsh environments, toxins, and drugs. __Cancer Stem Cells in Solid Tumors__ represents a detailed overview of cancer stem cells and their role in solid cancers. Comprised of 24 chapters, this volume will provide readers with a comprehensive understanding of this important and evolving field. Topics covered include: * Introduction of the CSC hypothesis * Historical perspectives and the contributing lessons from leukemia * Current knowledge regarding the identification and role of CSCs in various forms of solid cancer including breast, brain, colorectal, pancreatic, prostate, melanoma, lung, ovarian, hepatocellular, and head and neck cancer * Molecular pathways involved in driving CSC function, with a particular focus on the novel convergence of embryonic and tumorigenic signaling pathways * __In vitro__ and __in vivo__ assays, model systems, and imaging modalities for studying CSCs * The clinical importance of CSCs for cancer management and treatment, including important implications for prognosis, prediction, and treatment resistance * Consideration of the controversy surrounding the CSC hypothesis and important unanswered questions in this field This collective work was written by a group of prominent international experts in cancer biology, oncology, and/or stem cell biology. It will serve as a valuable resource for established researchers, professors, health care professionals, and students in the medical and scientific community who are investigating stem cells and/or oncology. Cancer stem cells : historical perspectives and lessons from leukemia / Christopher R. Cogle Cancer stem cells in breast cancer / Jenny E. Chu and Alison L. Allan Cancer stem cells in brain cancer / Xin Wang, Chitra Venugopal, and Sheila K. Singh Cancer stem cells in colorectal cancer / Mauro Biffoni, Eros Fabrizi, and Lucia Ricci-Vitiani Cancer stem cells in pancreatic cancer / Jorge Dorado, Alicia G. Serrano, and Christopher Heeschen Cancer stem cells in prostate cancer / Paula Kroon ... [et al.] Cancer stem cells in melanoma / Ping Jin ... [et al.] Cancer stem cells in lung cancer / Jun Shen and Feng Jiang Cancer stem cells in ovarian cancer / Fang Fang ... [et al.] Cancer stem cells in hepatocellular cancer / Russell C. Langan and Itzhak Avital Cancer stem cells in head and neck cancer / Mark E.P. Prince and Samantha J. Davis Relationship between regulatory pathways in pluripotent stem cells and human tumors / Olga Gaidarenko and Yang Xu Influence of the embryonic microenvironment on tumor progression / Daniela Quail ... [et al.] The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and cancer stem cells / Jonas Fuxe Application of stem cell assays for the characterization of cancer stem cells / Pamela M. Willan and Gillian Farnie Zebrafish as a model to study stem cells in development, disease, and cancer / Viviana Anelli, Cristina Santoriello, and Marina C. Mione Imaging cancer stem cells / Paula Foster Mouse models for studying normal and cancer stem cells / David A. Hess Cancer stem cells and disease prognosis / Zeshaan A. Rasheed, Jeanne Kowalski, and William H. Matsui Mechanisms of radioresistance in cancer stem cells / Cleo Y-F Lee and Maximilian Diehn The role of ABC transporters in cancer stem cell drug resistance / Vera S. Donnenberg, Ludovic Zimmerlin, and Albert D. Donnenberg Resistance to endocrine therapy in breast cancer : are breast cancer stem cells implicated? / Ciara S. O'Brien ... [et al.] Future directions : cancer stem cells as therapeutic targets / Alysha K. Croker and Alison L. Allan Final thoughts : complexity and controversy surrounding the "cancer stem cell" paradigm / Craig Gedye, Richard P. Hill, and Laurie Ailles. Front Matter....Pages i-xvii Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Cancer Stem Cells: Historical Perspectives and Lessons from Leukemia....Pages 3-11 Front Matter....Pages 13-13 Cancer Stem Cells in Breast Cancer....Pages 15-36 Cancer Stem Cells in Brain Cancer....Pages 37-56 Cancer Stem Cells in Colorectal Cancer....Pages 57-78 Cancer Stem Cells in Pancreatic Cancer....Pages 79-97 Cancer Stem Cells in Prostate Cancer....Pages 99-116 Cancer Stem Cells in Melanoma....Pages 117-138 Cancer Stem Cells in Lung Cancer....Pages 139-150 Cancer Stem Cells in Ovarian Cancer....Pages 151-176 Cancer Stem Cells in Hepatocellular Cancer....Pages 177-195 Cancer Stem Cells in Head and Neck Cancer....Pages 197-205 Front Matter....Pages 207-207 Relationship Between Regulatory Pathways in Pluripotent Stem Cells and Human Tumors....Pages 209-222 Influence of the Embryonic Microenvironment on Tumor Progression....Pages 223-242 The Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition and Cancer Stem Cells....Pages 243-256 Front Matter....Pages 257-257 Application of Stem Cell Assays for the Characterization of Cancer Stem Cells....Pages 259-282 Zebrafish as a Model to Study Stem Cells in Development, Disease, and Cancer....Pages 283-296 Imaging Cancer Stem Cells....Pages 297-309 Mouse Models for Studying Normal and Cancer Stem Cells....Pages 311-325 Front Matter....Pages 327-327 Cancer Stem Cells and Disease Prognosis....Pages 329-343 Mechanisms of Radioresistance in Cancer Stem Cells....Pages 345-360 Front Matter....Pages 327-327 The Role of ABC Transporters in Cancer Stem Cell Drug Resistance....Pages 361-379 Resistance to Endocrine Therapy in Breast Cancer: Are Breast Cancer Stem Cells Implicated?....Pages 381-402 Future Directions: Cancer Stem Cells as Therapeutic Targets....Pages 403-429 Front Matter....Pages 431-431 Final Thoughts: Complexity and Controversy Surrounding the “Cancer Stem Cell” Paradigm....Pages 433-464 Back Matter....Pages 465-475