سی. رایت میلز و نخبگان قدرت

From the vantage point of the colonized, the term "research" is inextricably linked with European colonialism; the ways in which scientific research has been implicated in the worst excesses of imperialism remains a powerful remembered history for many of the world's colonized peoples. Here, an indigenous researcher issues a clarion call for the decolonization of research methods. The book is divided into two parts. In the first, the author critically examines the historical and philosophical base of Western research. Extending the work of Foucault, she explores the intersections of imperialism, knowledge and research, and the different ways in which imperialism is embedded in disciplines of knowledge and methodologies as "regimes of truth". Providing a history of knowledge from the Enlightenment to Postcoloniality, she also discusses the fate of concepts such as "discovery", "claiming", and "naming" through which the west has incorporated and continues to incorporate the indigenous world within its own web. The second part of the book meets the urgent need for people who are carrying out their own research projects, for literature which validates their frustrations in dealing with various western paradigms, academic traditions and methodologies, which continue to position the indigenous as "Other". In setting an agenda for planning and implementing indigenous research, the author shows how such programmes are part of the wider project of reclaiming control over indigenous ways of knowing and being. Exploring the broad range of issues which have confronted, and continue to confront, indigenous peoples, in their encounters with western knowledge, this book also sets a standard for truly emancipatory research. It brilliantly demonstrates that "when indigenous peoples become the researchers and not merely the researched, the activity of research is transformed." About the Author 2 Praise for the first edition 3 Acknowledgements 9 Foreword 10 Note 16 Introduction 18 Notes 35 1 Imperialism, History, Writing and Theory 37 Imperialism 38 On Being Human 43 Writing, History and Theory 46 Is History Important for Indigenous Peoples? 47 Contested Histories 51 Is Writing Important for Indigenous Peoples? 53 Writing Theory 56 Notes 58 2 Research through Imperial Eyes 61 The Cultural Formations of Western Research 62 The Intersections of Race and Gender 64 Conceptualizations of the Individual and Society 66 Conceptions of Space 69 Table 2.1 The spatial vocabulary of colonialism in nineteenth-century Aotearoa 72 Conceptions of Time 73 Notes 76 3 Colonizing Knowledges 78 Establishing the Positional Superiority of Western Knowledge 79 Colonizing the Disciplines 85 Disciplining the Colonized 88 Colonialism and ‘Native’ Intellectuals 89 The ‘Authentic, Essentialist, Deeply Spiritual’ Other 92 Notes 95 4 Research Adventures on Indigenous Lands 98 They Came, They Saw, They Named, They Claimed 100 On the Road to ... Research 103 Organizing Research 105 Trading the Other 108 Defining the Indigenous ‘Problem’ 111 Notes 113 5 Notes from Down Under 115 The End of One Part, the Beginning of Another 115 The New Language of Imperialism 117 Twelve Ways to be Researched (Colonized) 119 The Next Decades 125 Notes 127 6 The Indigenous Peoples’ Project: Setting a New Agenda 128 The Social Movement of Indigenous Peoples 129 International Mobilization 133 An Agenda for Indigenous Research 136 Figure 6.1 The Indigenous Research Agenda 138 Ethical Research Protocols 139 Notes 142 7 Articulating an Indigenous Research Agenda 144 Community Research 145 Iwi and Indigenous Nation Research 148 The Case Study of an Indigenous Research Initiative inside the Academy 149 Training Indigenous Researchers 152 Insider/Outsider Research 155 Notes 159 8 Twenty-five Indigenous Projects 160 The Projects 161 1 Claiming 161 2 Testimonies (testimonio) 162 3 Story telling 162 4 Celebrating survival – survivance 163 5 Remembering 164 6 Indigenizing and indigenist processes 164 7 Intervening 165 8 Revitalizing and regenerating 165 9 Connecting 166 10 Reading 167 11 Writing and theory making 167 12 Representing 168 13 Gendering 169 14 Envisioning 170 15 Reframing 171 16 Restoring 172 17 Returning 173 18 Democratizing and indigenist governance 174 19 Networking 174 20 Naming 175 21 Protecting 176 22 Creating 176 23 Negotiating 177 24 Discovering the beauty of our knowledge 178 25 Sharing 179 Summary 179 Notes 180 9 Responding to the Imperatives of an Indigenous Agenda: A Case Study of Maori 182 Western Critiques of Western Research 183 The Challenges of Feminist Analyses 185 Table 9.1 Post-positivist Inquiry 186 The Waitangi Tribunal and Te Kohanga Reo 187 Research as an Extension of Knowledge – Whose Knowledge? 188 The Validity of Maori Knowledge 191 Negotiating New Relationships with Non-indigenous Researchers 194 Setting the Boundaries to Research by Non-indigenous Researchers 197 Notes 198 10 Towards Developing Indigenous Methodologies: Kaupapa Maori Research 202 Research by Maori 203 A Local Approach to Critical Theory 204 Kaupapa Maori Research and Positivism 208 How Does Kaupapa Maori Research Proceed? 210 Setting Strategic Directions 211 Notes 213 11 Choosing the Margins: The Role of Research in Indigenous Struggles for Social Justice 215 Revisiting the Concept of Struggle 216 Multiple Layers of Struggle 217 Implications for Researchers: Choosing the Margins 221 Marginalized Populations, Research and Ethics 224 Ongoing Marginalization of Maori 226 Researchers in the Margins 230 Notes 232 12 Getting the Story Right, Telling the Story Well: Indigenous Activism, Indigenous Research 234 Aligning the Agenda for Indigenous Research andIndigenous Activism 235 Globalization, the Marketplace and Indigenous Peoples 235 Traditional Indigenous Knowledge: The Work of Activists 237 Traditional Indigenous Knowledge: The Work of Researchers 239 Traditional Indigenous Knowledge: Where the Work of Activists andResearch Come Together 241 Getting the Story Right, Telling the Story Well 243 Acknowledgement 244 Notes 244 Conclusion: A Personal Journey 245 Notes 249 Index 251

From the vantage point of the colonized, the term 'research' is inextricably linked with European colonialism; the ways in which scientific research has been implicated in the worst excesses of imperialism remains a powerful remembered history for many of the world's colonized peoples. Here, an indigenous researcher issues a clarion call for the decolonization of research methods.

The book is divided into two parts. In the first, the author critically examines the historical and philosophical base of Western research. Extending the work of Foucault, she explores the intersections of imperialism, knowledge and research, and the different ways in which imperialism is embedded in disciplines of knowledge and methodologies as 'regimes of truth'. Providing a history of knowledge from the Enlightenment to Postcoloniality, she also discusses the fate of concepts such as 'discovery, 'claiming' and 'naming' through which the west has incorporated and continues to incorporate the indigenous world within its own web.

The second part of the book meets the urgent need for people who are carrying out their own research projects, for literature which validates their frustrations in dealing with various western paradigms, academic traditions and methodologies, which continue to position the indigenous as 'Other'. In setting an agenda for planning and implementing indigenous research, the author shows how such programmes are part of the wider project of reclaiming control over indigenous ways of knowing and being.

Exploring the broad range of issues which have confronted, and continue to confront, indigenous peoples, in their encounters with western knowledge, this book also sets a standard for truly emancipatory research. It brilliantly demonstrates that ‘when indigenous peoples become the researchers and not merely the researched, the activity of research is transformed.’

Booknews

The pursuit of scientific research has, throughout Western history, been bound up with colonialism and imperialism, and indeed some of the worst evils done against indigenous peoples have been in the name of "research." The author, herself a Maori and also a researcher, seeks herein to free the concept of scientific research from its imperialist associations. She takes a Foucaultian approach to an examination of the history of knowledge, and works to develop a theory and methodology of research which strives to be free from colonialist implications and practices. Distributed by St. Martin's Press. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknew.com)

From the vantage point of the colonized, the term 'research' is inextricably linked with European colonialism; the way in which scientific research has been implicated in the worst excesses of imperialism remains a powerful remembered history for many of the world's colonized peoples. Here, an indigenous researcher issues a clarion call for the decolonization of research methods. In the first part of the book, the author critically examines the historical and philosophical base of Western research. Extending the work of Foucault, she explores the intersections of imperialism, knowledge and research; en route she provides a history of knowledge from the Enlightenment to postcoloniality. The second part of the book meets an urgent demand: people who are carrying out their own research projects need literature which validates their frustrations in dealing with various Western paradigms. In setting an agenda for planning and implementing indigenous research, the author shows how such programmes are part of the wider project of reclaiming control over indigenous ways of knowing and being To the colonized, the term 'research' is conflated with European colonialism; the ways in which academic research has been implicated in the throes of imperialism remains a painful memory. This essential volume explores intersections of imperialism and research - specifically, the ways in which imperialism is embedded in disciplines of knowledge and tradition as 'regimes of truth.' Concepts such as 'discovery' and 'claiming' are discussed and an argument presented that the decolonization of research methods will help to reclaim control over indigenous ways of knowing and being. Now in its eagerly awaited second edition, this bestselling book has been substantially revised, with new case-studies and examples and important additions on new indigenous literature, the role of research in indigenous struggles for social justice, which brings this essential volume urgently up-to-date."--pub. desc.