Business database systems

__Business Database Systems__ arms you with the knowledge to analyse, design and implement effective, robust and successful databases. This book is ideal for students of Business/Management Information Systems, or Computer Science, who will be expected to take a course in database systems for their degree programme. It is also excellently suited to any practitioner who needs to learn, or refresh their knowledge of, the essentials of database management systems. Cover......Page 1 Business Database Systems......Page 2 Dedication......Page 6 Brief contents......Page 8 Contents......Page 10 Guided Tour......Page 17 Preface......Page 19 Part I Background......Page 28 Learning objectives......Page 30 1.1 Examples of the use of database systems......Page 31 1.2 Database approach......Page 33 1.3 Database design......Page 41 1.4 Historical perspective of database system development......Page 43 1.5 Three-level ANSI-SPARC architecture......Page 47 1.6 Functions of a DBMS......Page 52 1.7 Advantages and disadvantages of the database approach......Page 55 Chapter summary......Page 56 Review questions......Page 57 Exercises......Page 58 Learning objectives......Page 59 2.1 Brief history of the relational model......Page 60 2.3 Terminology......Page 61 2.4 Relational integrity......Page 66 2.5 Relational languages......Page 70 Chapter summary......Page 71 Exercises......Page 72 3.1 Structured Query Language (SQL)......Page 73 3.2 Data manipulation......Page 76 3.3 Query-By-Example (QBE)......Page 97 Chapter summary......Page 104 Review questions......Page 105 Exercises......Page 106 Learning objectives......Page 110 4.2 The information systems lifecycle......Page 111 4.4 Database planning......Page 112 4.5 System definition......Page 114 4.6 Requirements collection and analysis......Page 115 4.8 DBMS selection......Page 118 4.9 Application design......Page 119 4.11 Implementation......Page 121 4.13 Testing......Page 122 Chapter summary......Page 123 Review questions......Page 124 Part II Database analysis and design techniques......Page 126 Learning objectives......Page 128 5.2 What facts are collected?......Page 129 5.3 Fact-finding techniques......Page 130 5.4 The StayHome Online Rentals case study......Page 135 Chapter summary......Page 156 Exercise......Page 157 Preview......Page 158 6.1 Entities......Page 159 6.2 Relationships......Page 160 6.3 Attributes......Page 162 6.5 Multiplicity constraints on relationships......Page 165 6.6 Attributes on relationships......Page 172 6.7 Design problems with ER models......Page 173 Chapter summary......Page 176 Review questions......Page 177 Exercises......Page 178 Learning objectives......Page 179 7.1 Specialization/generalization......Page 180 Review questions......Page 186 Exercises......Page 187 Learning objectives......Page 189 8.2 Data redundancy and update anomalies......Page 190 8.3 First normal form (1NF)......Page 193 8.4 Second normal form (2NF)......Page 194 8.5 Third normal form (3NF)......Page 196 Review questions......Page 201 Exercises......Page 202 Part III Database design methodology......Page 206 9.1 Introduction to the database design methodology......Page 208 9.2 Overview of the database design methodology......Page 210 9.3 Step 1: Conceptual database design methodology......Page 211 Review questions......Page 231 Exercises......Page 232 10.1 Step 2: Map the ER model to tables......Page 235 Exercises......Page 258 Learning objectives......Page 263 11.2 Overview of the physical database design methodology......Page 264 11.3 Step 3: Translate the logical database design for the target DBMS......Page 265 11.4 Step 4: Choose file organizations and indexes......Page 275 11.5 Step 5: Design user views......Page 279 11.6 Step 6: Design security mechanisms......Page 281 11.7 Step 7: Consider the introduction of controlled redundancy......Page 285 11.8 Step 8: Monitor and tune the operational system......Page 287 Chapter summary......Page 292 Exercises......Page 293 Part IV Current and emerging trends......Page 296 12.1 Data administration and database administration......Page 298 12.2 Database security......Page 301 Chapter summary......Page 313 Review questions......Page 314 Exercises......Page 315 Learning objectives......Page 316 13.1 Defining legal and ethical issues in information technology......Page 317 13.2 Legislation and its impact on the IT function......Page 319 13.3 Establishing a culture of legal and ethical data stewardship......Page 325 13.4 Intellectual property......Page 330 Review questions......Page 334 Exercises......Page 335 Learning objectives......Page 336 14.1 Transaction support......Page 337 14.2 Concurrency control......Page 339 14.3 Database recovery......Page 349 Chapter summary......Page 356 Exercises......Page 357 Learning objectives......Page 359 15.1 eCommerce......Page 360 15.2 Web–database integration......Page 368 15.3 Web–database integration technologies......Page 370 15.4 eXtensible Markup Language (XML)......Page 377 15.5 XML-related technologies......Page 386 15.6 XML query languages......Page 387 15.7 Database integration in eCommerce systems......Page 390 Chapter summary......Page 395 Exercises......Page 396 Preview......Page 397 16.1 DDBMS concepts......Page 398 16.2 Distributed relational database design......Page 405 16.3 Transparencies in a DDBMS......Page 415 16.4 Date’s 12 rules for a DDBMS......Page 424 16.5 Replication servers......Page 426 16.6 Mobile databases......Page 430 Chapter summary......Page 432 Exercises......Page 434 Preview......Page 438 17.1 Advanced database applications......Page 439 17.2 Weaknesses of relational DBMSs (RDBMSs)......Page 442 17.3 Storing objects in a relational database......Page 444 17.4 Object-oriented DBMSs (OODBMSs)......Page 446 17.5 Object-relational DBMSs (ORDBMSs)......Page 456 Chapter summary......Page 466 Exercises......Page 468 Learning objectives......Page 470 18.2 Data warehousing......Page 471 18.3 Online analytical processing (OLAP)......Page 477 18.4 Data mining......Page 481 Chapter summary......Page 486 Exercises......Page 487 Appendix A The Buyer user view for StayHome Online Rentals......Page 488 Appendix B Second case study – PerfectPets......Page 490 Appendix C Alternative data modeling notations......Page 495 Appendix D Summary of the database design methodology......Page 502 Appendix E Advanced SQL......Page 509 Appendix F Guidelines for choosing indexes......Page 523 Appendix G Guidelines for denormalization......Page 532 Appendix H Object-oriented concepts......Page 540 Appendix I Common data models......Page 548 Glossary......Page 563 References......Page 583 Index......Page 585

Databases are the underlying framework of any information system. As such, the fortunes of any business or organisation, in no small way, rest upon the efficacy and efficiency of their database systems. Business Database Systems arms you with the knowledge to analyse, design and implement effective, robust and successful databases. Using a tried and tested three-phase methodology, the authors lucidly describe each facet of the database development lifecycle, giving you a complete understanding of the fundamentals in this key topic area and helping you to ensure that your databases are the best that they possibly can be.

This book is ideal for students of Business/Management Information Systems, or Computer Science, who will be expected to take a course in database systems for their degree programme. It is also excellently suited to any practitioner who needs to learn, or refresh their knowledge of, the essentials of database management systems.

Key features

• Three-phase design methodology covering conceptual database design; logical database design; and physical database design.
• Step-by-step approach introduces each stage of the database development life-cycle.
• Extensive coverage of Structured Query Language (SQL), the industry-standard language of databases.
• Advanced chapters on web-database integration; object-oriented database management systems; object-relational database management systems; and business intelligence.
• Highly practical focus with numerous examples and a running ‘real world’ case study.
• Review questions and exercises help you test your understanding.
• Uses the Unified Modelling Language (UML), a universally applied diagramming style, throughout.
• Provides a comprehensive collection of common data models encountered in business.

The authors

Prof. Thomas Connolly is Chair of the ITCE in Education Research Group at the University of the West of Scotland, and Director of the Scottish Centre for Enabling Technologies. He is a winner of the British Design Award for his work on database systems.

Dr. Carolyn Begg is a lecturer in the School of Computing at the University of the West of Scotland where she teaches Business Database Systems, Advanced Business Systems, and Business Intelligence. Prof. Connolly and Dr. Begg are authors of the best-selling Database Systems which has sold over 1⁄4 million copies worldwide.

Dr. Richard Holowczak is Associate Professor of Computer Information Systems at Zicklin School of Business, City University of New York where he has taught courses on databases, business intelligence, security and financial information technologies since 1997. Dr. Holowczak is also director of the Wasserman Trading Floor / Subotnick Financial Services Centre.