Buffer Overflow Attacks : Detect, Exploit, Prevent

Annotation. The SANS Institute maintains a list of the "Top 10 Software Vulnerabilities." At the current time, over half of these vulnerabilities are exploitable by Buffer Overflow attacks, making this class of attack one of the most common and most dangerous weapon used by malicious attackers. This is the first book specifically aimed at detecting, exploiting, and preventing the most common and dangerous attacks. Buffer overflows make up one of the largest collections of vulnerabilities in existence; And a large percentage of possible remote exploits are of the overflow variety. Almost all of the most devastating computer attacks to hit the Internet in recent years including SQL Slammer, Blaster, and I Love You attacks. If executed properly, an overflow vulnerability will allow an attacker to run arbitrary code on the victim's machine with the equivalent rights of whichever process was overflowed. This is often used to provide a remote shell onto the victim machine, which can be used for further exploitation. A buffer overflow is an unexpected behavior that exists in certain programming languages. This book provides specific, real code examples on exploiting buffer overflow attacks from a hacker's perspective and defending against these attacks for the software developer. *Over half of the "SANS TOP 10 Software Vulnerabilities" are related to buffer overflows. *None of the current-best selling software security books focus exclusively on buffer overflows. *This book provides specific, real code examples on exploiting buffer overflow attacks from a hacker's perspective and defending against these attacks for the software developer Team DDU Buffer Overflow Attacks: Detect, Exploit, Prevent 1 Cover 1 Contents 12 Foreword 22 Part 1 Expanding on Buffer Overflows 24 Chapter 1 Buffer Overflows: The Essentials 26 Introduction 26 The Challenge of Software Security 27 Microsoft Software Is Not Bug Free 29 The Increase in Buffer Overflows 31 Exploits vsBuffer Overflows 33 Madonna Hacked! 33 Definitions 35 Hardware 35 Software 36 Security 41 Summary 43 Solutions Fast Track 43 Frequently Asked Questions 46 Chapter 2 Understanding Shellcode 48 Introduction 48 An Overview of Shellcode 49 The Tools 49 The Assembly Programming Language 50 Analysis 51 Analysis 52 Analysis 52 Windows vsUnix Assembly 54 The Addressing Problem 55 Using the "call" and "jmp"Trick 55 Analysis 55 Analysis 56 Pushing the Arguments 56 The NULL Byte Problem 57 Implementing System Calls 58 System Call Numbers 58 System Call Arguments 59 Analysis 59 Analysis 60 Analysis 60 System Call Return Values 61 Remote Shellcode 61 Port-Binding Shellcode 61 Analysis 63 Socket Descriptor Reuse Shellcode 63 Analysis 63 Local Shellcode 64 execve Shellcode 64 setuid Shellcode 66 chroot Shellcode 67 Summary 72 Solutions Fast Track 72 Links to Sites 74 Mailing Lists 74 Frequently Asked Questions 75 Chapter 3 Writing Shellcode 78 Introduction 78 Shellcode Examples 79 The Write System Call 81 Analysis 83 Analysis 84 execve Shellcode 86 Analysis 86 Analysis 87 Analysis 89 Analysis 91 Analysis 93 Analysis 94 Port-Binding Shellcode 95 Analysis 96 Analysis 98 Analysis 99 Analysis 99 Analysis 100 Analysis 101 Analysis 104 Reverse Connection Shellcode 106 Analysis 108 Socket Reusing Shellcode 110 Analysis 111 Analysis 111 Reusing File Descriptors 112 Analysis 112 Analysis 114 Analysis 115 Analysis 116 Analysis 116 Analysis 117 Analysis 118 Encoding Shellcode 119 Analysis 120 Analysis 122 Analysis 124 Reusing Program Variables 125 Open Source Programs 125 Analysis 126 Closed Source Programs 127 Analysis 128 Analysis 128 OS-Spanning Shellcode 129 Analysis 130 Understanding Existing Shellcode 130 Analysis 132 Summary 135 Solutions Fast Track 135 Links to Sites 136 Mailing Lists 137 Frequently Asked Questions 137 Chapter 4 Win32 Assembly 140 Introduction 140 Application Memory Layout 141 Application Structure 143 Memory Allocation-Stack 144 Memory Allocation-Heap 145 Heap Structure 146 Windows Assembly 147 Registers 147 Indexing Registers 148 Stack Registers 148 Other General-Purpose Registers 148 EIP Register 149 Data Type 149 Operations 149 Hello World 150 Summary 152 Solutions Fast Track 153 Frequently Asked Questions 154 Section 1 Case Studies 155 Case Study 11 FreeBSD NN Exploit Code 156 Overview 156 Exploitation Code Dump 157 Analysis 159 References 160 Case Study 12 xlockmore User Supplied Format String Vulnerability 161 Overview 161 xlockmore Vulnerability Details 162 Exploitation Code Dump 162 Analysis 164 References 164 Case Study 13 Frontpage Denial of Service Utilizing WinSock 165 Overview 165 Code Dump 166 Analysis 167 Application Defense Hackh Code Dump 168 Analysis 174 References 175 Case Study 14 cURL buffer overflow on FreeBSD 177 Overview 177 Exploit Code 178 Analysis 180 References 181 Part II Exploiting Buffer Overflows 182 Chapter 5 Stack Overflows 184 Introduction 184 Intel x86 Architecture and Machine Language Basics 186 Registers 187 Stacks and Procedure Calls 188 Storing Local Variables 190 Calling Conventions and Stack Frames 195 Introduction to the Stack Frame 195 Passing Arguments to a Function 196 Stack Frames and Calling Syntaxes 203 Process Memory Layout 204 Stack Overflows and Their Exploitation 206 Simple Overflow 208 Creating an Example Program with an Exploitable Overflow 212 Writing Overflowable Code 212 Disassembling the Overflowable Code 213 Performing the Exploit 215 General Exploit Concepts 215 Buffer Injection Techniques 216 Methods to Execute Payload 217 Designing Payload 221 What Is an Off-by-One Overflow? 227 Functions That Can Produce Buffer Overflows 234 Functions and Their Problems, or Never Use gets() 234 gets() and fgets() 234 strcpy() and strncpy(), strcat(), and strncat() 235 (v)sprintf() and (v)snprintf() 236 sscanf(), vscanf(), and fscanf() 236 Other Functions 237 Challenges in Finding Stack Overflows 238 Lexical Analysis 240 Semantics-Aware Analyzers 241 Application Defense! 243 OpenBSD 28 ftpd Off-by-One 243 Apache htpasswd Buffer Overflow 244 Summary 245 Solutions Fast Track 247 Links to Sites 248 Frequently Asked Questions 250 Chapter 6 Heap Corruption 252 Introduction 252 Simple Heap Corruption 253 Using the Heap-malloc(), calloc(), realloc() 254 Simple Heap and BSS Overflows 255 Corrupting Function Pointers in C++ 258 Advanced Heap Corruption-Doug Lea malloc 261 Overview of Doug Lea malloc 261 Memory Organization-Boundary Tags, Bins, Arenas 262 The free() Algorithm 267 Fake Chunks 269 Example Vulnerable Program 271 Exploiting frontlink() 273 Off-by-One and Off-by-Five on the Heap 274 Advanced Heap Corruption-System V malloc 275 System V malloc Operation 275 Tree Structure 276 Freeing Memory 278 The realfree() Function 280 The t_delete Function-The Exploitation Point 283 Application Defense! 286 Fixing Heap Corruption Vulnerabilities in the Source 286 Summary 289 Solutions Fast Track 290 Links to Sites 291 Frequently Asked Questions 293 Chapter 7 Format String Attacks 296 Introduction 296 What Is a Format String? 297 C Functions with Variable Numbers of Arguments 297 Ellipsis and va_args 298 Functions of Formatted Output 301 Using Format Strings 303 printf() Example 303 Format Tokens and printf() Arguments 304 Types of Format Specifiers 305 Abusing Format Strings 307 Playing with Bad Format Strings 309 Denial of Service 310 Direct Argument Access 310 Reading Memory 311 Writing to Memory 314 Simple Writes to Memory 314 Multiple Writes 317 Challenges in Exploiting Format String Bugs 319 Finding Format String Bugs 319 What to Overwrite 322 Destructors in dtors 323 Global Offset Table entries 325 Structured Exception Handlers 327 Operating System Differences 328 Difficulties in Exploiting Different Systems 331 Application Defense! 331 The Whitebox and Blackbox Analysis of Applications 332 Summary 334 Solutions Fast Track 334 Links to Sites 336 Frequently Asked Questions 337 Chapter 8 Windows Buffer Overflows 340 Introduction 340 Background 341 Basic Stack Overflow 341 Analysis 345 Writing Windows Shellcode 350 Overcoming Special Characters (Example: NULL) 356 Client Server Application 361 Using/Abusing the Structured Exception Handler 373 Summary 378 Solutions Fast Track 378 Frequently Asked Questions 380 Section 2 Case Studies 381 Case Study 21 cURL Buffer Overflow on Linux 382 Overview 382 Exploit Code 383 Analysis 385 References 386 Case Study 22 SSLv2 Malformed Client Key Remote Buffer Overflow Vuln 387 Overview 387 OpenSSL Vulnerability Details 388 Exploitation Details 388 The Complication 389 Analysis 390 Improving the Exploit 391 Much Improved... but More to Come! 391 Complete Exploit Code for OpenSSL SSLv2 Malformed Client Key Remote Buffer Overflow 392 References 398 Case Study 23 X11R6 42 XLOCALEDIR Overflow 399 Overview 399 XLOCALEDIR Vulnerability Details and Analysis 400 Exploitation Code Dump 402 Analysis 404 References 404 Case Study 24 Microsoft MDAC Denial of Service 405 Overview 405 Code Dump 406 Analysis 408 Application Defense Hackh Code Dump 409 Analysis 415 References 417 Case Study 25 Local UUX Buffer Overflow on HPUX 418 Overview 418 Exploit Code 419 Analysis 420 References 422 Part III Finding Buffer Overflows 424 Chapter 9 Finding Buffer Overflows in Source 426 Introduction 426 Source Code Analysis 427 Free Open Source Tools 429 Application Defense Snapshot 429 RATS 431 Flawfinder 435 Flawfinder Text Output 437 ITS4 440 Application Defense-Enterprise Developer 441 Secure Software 446 Architecture and Deployment 446 Vulnerability Knowledgebase 447 Using CodeAssure 448 Setting Up Projects 450 Performing the Analysis 450 Vulnerability Review and Reporting 451 Managing Results 453 Remediation 455 Ounce Labs 455 Prexis' Science of Automated Analysis 456 Prexis Architecture 457 Prexis Assessment Capability 457 Prexis Reporting and Remediation Capabilities 457 Prexis in Action 458 Vulnerability Assessment with Prexis 459 Project Configuration 459 Running an Assessment 459 Examining Assessment Results 460 Filtering Assessments 461 Remediation 461 Fortify Software 463 Fortify's Source Code Analysis Suite 464 Using the Source Code Analysis Engine 464 Integrating with the Build Process 465 Running the Analysis 466 Understanding the Raw Output 466 Audit Workbench 467 Audit Guide 468 Software Security Manager 470 Summary 472 Solutions Fast Track 473 Links to Sites 475 Frequently Asked Questions 476 Section 3 Case Studies 477 Case Study 31 InlineEgg I 478 Overview 478 Inline Egg Code 479 Analysis 479 References 480 Case Study 32 InlineEgg II 481 Overview 481 Inline Egg Code 482 Analysis 483 References 484 Case Study 33 Seti@Home Exploit Code 485 Overview 485 Exploitation Code Dump 485 Analysis 490 References 492 Case Study 34 Microsoft CodeBlue Exploit Code 493 Overview 493 Exploitation Code Dump 494 Analysis 497 References 498 Appendix A The Complete Data Conversion Table 500 Appendix B Useful Syscalls 508 exit( int ) 508 open( file, flags, mode ) 508 close( filedescriptor ) 508 read( filedescriptor, pointer to buffer, amount of bytes ) 509 write( filedescriptor, pointer to buffer, amount of bytes ) 509 execve( file, file + arguments, environment data ) 509 socketcall(callnumber, arguments ) 509 socket( domain, type, protocol ) 510 bind( file descriptor, sockaddr struct, size of arg 2 ) 510 listen ( file descriptor, number of connections allowed in queue ) 510 accept ( file descriptor, sockaddr struct, size of arg 2 ) 510 Index 512 Team DDU 1 Team DDU......Page 1 Contents......Page 12 Foreword......Page 22 Part 1 Expanding on Buffer Overflows......Page 24 Introduction......Page 26 The Challenge of Software Security......Page 27 Microsoft Software Is Not Bug Free......Page 29 The Increase in Buffer Overflows......Page 31 Madonna Hacked!......Page 33 Hardware......Page 35 Software......Page 36 Security......Page 41 Solutions Fast Track......Page 43 Frequently Asked Questions......Page 46 Introduction......Page 48 The Tools......Page 49 The Assembly Programming Language......Page 50 Analysis......Page 51 Analysis......Page 52 Windows vsUnix Assembly......Page 54 Analysis......Page 55 Pushing the Arguments......Page 56 The NULL Byte Problem......Page 57 System Call Numbers......Page 58 Analysis......Page 59 Analysis......Page 60 Port-Binding Shellcode......Page 61 Analysis......Page 63 execve Shellcode......Page 64 setuid Shellcode......Page 66 chroot Shellcode......Page 67 Solutions Fast Track......Page 72 Mailing Lists......Page 74 Frequently Asked Questions......Page 75 Introduction......Page 78 Shellcode Examples......Page 79 The Write System Call......Page 81 Analysis......Page 83 Analysis......Page 84 Analysis......Page 86 Analysis......Page 87 Analysis......Page 89 Analysis......Page 91 Analysis......Page 93 Analysis......Page 94 Port-Binding Shellcode......Page 95 Analysis......Page 96 Analysis......Page 98 Analysis......Page 99 Analysis......Page 100 Analysis......Page 101 Analysis......Page 104 Reverse Connection Shellcode......Page 106 Analysis......Page 108 Socket Reusing Shellcode......Page 110 Analysis......Page 111 Analysis......Page 112 Analysis......Page 114 Analysis......Page 115 Analysis......Page 116 Analysis......Page 117 Analysis......Page 118 Encoding Shellcode......Page 119 Analysis......Page 120 Analysis......Page 122 Analysis......Page 124 Open Source Programs......Page 125 Analysis......Page 126 Closed Source Programs......Page 127 Analysis......Page 128 OS-Spanning Shellcode......Page 129 Understanding Existing Shellcode......Page 130 Analysis......Page 132 Solutions Fast Track......Page 135 Links to Sites......Page 136 Frequently Asked Questions......Page 137 Introduction......Page 140 Application Memory Layout......Page 141 Application Structure......Page 143 Memory Allocation-Stack......Page 144 Memory Allocation-Heap......Page 145 Heap Structure......Page 146 Registers......Page 147 Other General-Purpose Registers......Page 148 Operations......Page 149 Hello World......Page 150 Summary......Page 152 Solutions Fast Track......Page 153 Frequently Asked Questions......Page 154 Section 1 Case Studies......Page 155 Overview......Page 156 Exploitation Code Dump......Page 157 Analysis......Page 159 References......Page 160 Overview......Page 161 Exploitation Code Dump......Page 162 References......Page 164 Overview......Page 165 Code Dump......Page 166 Analysis......Page 167 Application Defense Hackh Code Dump......Page 168 Analysis......Page 174 References......Page 175 Overview......Page 177 Exploit Code......Page 178 Analysis......Page 180 References......Page 181 Part II Exploiting Buffer Overflows......Page 182 Introduction......Page 184 Intel x86 Architecture and Machine Language Basics......Page 186 Registers......Page 187 Stacks and Procedure Calls......Page 188 Storing Local Variables......Page 190 Introduction to the Stack Frame......Page 195 Passing Arguments to a Function......Page 196 Stack Frames and Calling Syntaxes......Page 203 Process Memory Layout......Page 204 Stack Overflows and Their Exploitation......Page 206 Simple Overflow......Page 208 Writing Overflowable Code......Page 212 Disassembling the Overflowable Code......Page 213 General Exploit Concepts......Page 215 Buffer Injection Techniques......Page 216 Methods to Execute Payload......Page 217 Designing Payload......Page 221 What Is an Off-by-One Overflow?......Page 227 gets() and fgets()......Page 234 strcpy() and strncpy(), strcat(), and strncat()......Page 235 sscanf(), vscanf(), and fscanf()......Page 236 Other Functions......Page 237 Challenges in Finding Stack Overflows......Page 238 Lexical Analysis......Page 240 Semantics-Aware Analyzers......Page 241 OpenBSD 28 ftpd Off-by-One......Page 243 Apache htpasswd Buffer Overflow......Page 244 Summary......Page 245 Solutions Fast Track......Page 247 Links to Sites......Page 248 Frequently Asked Questions......Page 250 Introduction......Page 252 Simple Heap Corruption......Page 253 Using the Heap-malloc(), calloc(), realloc()......Page 254 Simple Heap and BSS Overflows......Page 255 Corrupting Function Pointers in C++......Page 258 Overview of Doug Lea malloc......Page 261 Memory Organization-Boundary Tags, Bins, Arenas......Page 262 The free() Algorithm......Page 267 Fake Chunks......Page 269 Example Vulnerable Program......Page 271 Exploiting frontlink()......Page 273 Off-by-One and Off-by-Five on the Heap......Page 274 System V malloc Operation......Page 275 Tree Structure......Page 276 Freeing Memory......Page 278 The realfree() Function......Page 280 The t_delete Function-The Exploitation Point......Page 283 Fixing Heap Corruption Vulnerabilities in the Source......Page 286 Summary......Page 289 Solutions Fast Track......Page 290 Links to Sites......Page 291 Frequently Asked Questions......Page 293 Introduction......Page 296 C Functions with Variable Numbers of Arguments......Page 297 Ellipsis and va_args......Page 298 Functions of Formatted Output......Page 301 printf() Example......Page 303 Format Tokens and printf() Arguments......Page 304 Types of Format Specifiers......Page 305 Abusing Format Strings......Page 307 Playing with Bad Format Strings......Page 309 Direct Argument Access......Page 310 Reading Memory......Page 311 Simple Writes to Memory......Page 314 Multiple Writes......Page 317 Finding Format String Bugs......Page 319 What to Overwrite......Page 322 Destructors in dtors......Page 323 Global Offset Table entries......Page 325 Structured Exception Handlers......Page 327 Operating System Differences......Page 328 Application Defense!......Page 331 The Whitebox and Blackbox Analysis of Applications......Page 332 Solutions Fast Track......Page 334 Links to Sites......Page 336 Frequently Asked Questions......Page 337 Introduction......Page 340 Basic Stack Overflow......Page 341 Analysis......Page 345 Writing Windows Shellcode......Page 350 Overcoming Special Characters (Example: NULL)......Page 356 Client Server Application......Page 361 Using/Abusing the Structured Exception Handler......Page 373 Solutions Fast Track......Page 378 Frequently Asked Questions......Page 380 Section 2 Case Studies......Page 381 Overview......Page 382 Exploit Code......Page 383 Analysis......Page 385 References......Page 386 Overview......Page 387 Exploitation Details......Page 388 The Complication......Page 389 Analysis......Page 390 Much Improved... but More to Come!......Page 391 Complete Exploit Code for OpenSSL SSLv2 Malformed Client Key Remote Buffer Overflow......Page 392 References......Page 398 Overview......Page 399 XLOCALEDIR Vulnerability Details and Analysis......Page 400 Exploitation Code Dump......Page 402 References......Page 404 Overview......Page 405 Code Dump......Page 406 Analysis......Page 408 Application Defense Hackh Code Dump......Page 409 Analysis......Page 415 References......Page 417 Overview......Page 418 Exploit Code......Page 419 Analysis......Page 420 References......Page 422 Part III Finding Buffer Overflows......Page 424 Introduction......Page 426 Source Code Analysis......Page 427 Application Defense Snapshot......Page 429 RATS......Page 431 Flawfinder......Page 435 Flawfinder Text Output......Page 437 ITS4......Page 440 Application Defense-Enterprise Developer......Page 441 Architecture and Deployment......Page 446 Vulnerability Knowledgebase......Page 447 Using CodeAssure......Page 448 Performing the Analysis......Page 450 Vulnerability Review and Reporting......Page 451 Managing Results......Page 453 Ounce Labs......Page 455 Prexis' Science of Automated Analysis......Page 456 Prexis Reporting and Remediation Capabilities......Page 457 Prexis in Action......Page 458 Running an Assessment......Page 459 Examining Assessment Results......Page 460 Remediation......Page 461 Fortify Software......Page 463 Using the Source Code Analysis Engine......Page 464 Integrating with the Build Process......Page 465 Understanding the Raw Output......Page 466 Audit Workbench......Page 467 Audit Guide......Page 468 Software Security Manager......Page 470 Summary......Page 472 Solutions Fast Track......Page 473 Links to Sites......Page 475 Frequently Asked Questions......Page 476 Section 3 Case Studies......Page 477 Overview......Page 478 Analysis......Page 479 References......Page 480 Overview......Page 481 Inline Egg Code......Page 482 Analysis......Page 483 References......Page 484 Exploitation Code Dump......Page 485 Analysis......Page 490 References......Page 492 Overview......Page 493 Exploitation Code Dump......Page 494 Analysis......Page 497 References......Page 498 Appendix A The Complete Data Conversion Table......Page 500 close( filedescriptor )......Page 508 socketcall(callnumber, arguments )......Page 509 accept ( file descriptor, sockaddr struct, size of arg 2 )......Page 510 Index......Page 512 "Special Ops is an adrenaline-pumping tour of the most critical security weaknesses present on most any corporate network today..."
—Joel Scambray, Senior Director, Microsoft’s MSN, and Co-Author, Hacking Exposed Fourth Edition, Windows 2000, and Web Hacking Editions

"Special Ops has brought some of the best speakers and researchers of computer security together to cover what you need to know to survive in today’s net."
—Jeff Moss, President & CEO, Black Hat, Inc.

"Special Ops brings perspective from today’s best computer security minds into a single, enormously informative book."
—Mike Schiffman, Director of Security Architecture, @stake, Inc., and Author of Building Open Source Network Security Tools and The Hacker’s Challenge Series

Special Ops: Host and Network Security for Microsoft, UNIX, and Oracle provides solutions for the impossible 24-hour IT work day. By now, most companies have hardened their perimeters and locked out the "bad guys," but what has been done on the inside? Have you considered the damage that could be done by recently laid-off or disgruntled employees, contractors and consultants, building security guards, cleaning staff, and of course the unsecured wireless network? This is the one book you need to defend the soft, chewy center of internal networks.

Erik Pace Birkholz with David Litchfield, Mark Burnett, Chip Andrews, Jim McBee, Roelof Temmingh, Haroon Meer, Tim Mullen, Eric Schultze, Hal Flynn, Vitaly Osipov, and Norris L. Johnson

Foundstone Authors: John Bock, Earl Crane, Mike O'Dea,and Brian Kenyon, Matt Ploessel, James C. Foster

Foreword by: Stuart McClure

Special Ops: Internal Network Security Guide is the solution for the impossible 24-hour IT work day. By now, most companies have hardened their perimeters and locked out the "bad guys," but what has been done on the inside? This book attacks the problem of the soft, chewy center in internal networks. We use a two-pronged approach-Tactical and Strategic-to give readers a complete guide to internal penetration testing. Content includes the newest vulnerabilities and exploits, assessment methodologies, host review guides, secure baselines and case studies to bring it all together. We have scoured the Internet and assembled some of the best to function as Technical Specialists and Strategic Specialists. This creates a diversified project removing restrictive corporate boundaries. The unique style of this book will allow it to cover an incredibly broad range of topics in unparalleled detail. Chapters within the book will be written using the same concepts behind software development. Chapters will be treated like functions within programming code, allowing the authors to call on each other's data. These functions will supplement the methodology when specific technologies are examined thus reducing the common redundancies found in other security books.

This book is designed to be the "one-stop shop" for security engineers who want all their information in one place. The technical nature of this may be too much for middle management; however technical managers can use the book to help them understand the challenges faced by the engineers who support their businesses.

OUnprecedented Team of Security Luminaries. Led by Foundstone Principal Consultant, Erik Pace Birkholz, each of thecontributing authors on this book is a recognized superstar in their respective fields. All are highly visible speakers and consultants and their frequent presentations at major industry events such as the Black Hat Briefings and the 29th Annual Computer Security Institute Show in November, 2002 will provide this book with a high-profile launch.
OThe only all-encompassing book on internal network security. Windows 2000, Windows XP, Solaris, Linux and Cisco IOS and their applications are usually running simultaneously in some form on most enterprise networks. Other books deal with these components individually, but no other book provides a comprehensive solution like Special Ops. This book's unique style will give the reader the value of 10 books in 1

"Special Ops: Internal Network Security Guide" is the solution for the impossible 24-hour IT work day. By now, most companies have hardened their perimeters and locked out the "bad guys," but what has been done on the inside? This book attacks the problem of the soft, chewy center in internal networks. We use a two-pronged approach - Tactical and Strategic - to give readers a complete guide to internal penetration testing. Content includes the newest vulnerabilities and exploits, assessment methodologies, host review guides, secure baselines and case studies to bring it all together. We have scoured the Internet and assembled some of the best to function as Technical Specialists and Strategic Specialists. This creates a diversified project removing restrictive corporate boundaries. The unique style of this book will allow it to cover an incredibly broad range of topics in unparalleled detail. Chapters within the book will be written using the same concepts behind software development. Chapters will be treated like functions within programming code, allowing the authors to call on each other's data.; These functions will supplement the methodology when specific technologies are examined thus reducing the common redundancies found in other security books. This book is designed to be the "one-stop shop" for security engineers who want all their information in one place. The technical nature of this may be too much for middle management; however technical managers can use the book to help them understand the challenges faced by the engineers who support their businesses. This book features an unprecedented team of security luminaries. Led by Foundstone Principal Consultant, Erik Pace Birkholz, each of the contributing authors on this book is a recognized superstar in their respective fields. All are highly visible speakers and consultants and their frequent presentations at major industry events such as the Black Hat Briefings and the 29th Annual Computer Security Institute Show in November, 2002 will provide this book with a high-profile launch. This is the only all-encompassing book on internal network security. Windows 2000, Windows XP, Solaris, Linux and Cisco IOS and their applications are usually running simultaneously in some form on most enterprise networks.; Other books deal with these components individually, but no other book provides a comprehensive solution like Special Ops. This book's unique style will give the reader the value of 10 books in 1 Special Ops: Internal Network Security Guide is the solution for the impossible 24-hour IT work day. By now, most companies have hardened their perimeters and locked out the "bad guys," but what has been done on the inside? This book attacks the problem of the soft, chewy center in internal networks. We use a two-pronged approach-Tactical and Strategic-to give readers a complete guide to internal penetration testing. Content includes the newest vulnerabilities and exploits, assessment methodologies, host review guides, secure baselines and case studies to bring it all together. We have scoured the Internet and assembled some of the best to function as Technical Specialists and Strategic Specialists. This creates a diversified project removing restrictive corporate boundaries. The unique style of this book will allow it to cover an incredibly broad range of topics in unparalleled detail. Chapters within the book will be written using the same concepts behind software development. Chapters will be treated like functions within programming code, allowing the authors to call on each other's data. These functions will supplement the methodology when specific technologies are examined thus reducing the common redundancies found in other security books. This book is designed to be the "one-stop shop" for security engineers who want all their information in one place. The technical nature of this may be too much for middle management; however technical managers can use the book to help them understand the challenges faced by the engineers who support their businesses. ØUnprecedented Team of Security Luminaries. Led by Foundstone Principal Consultant, Erik Pace Birkholz, each of the contributing authors on this book is a recognized superstar in their respective fields. All are highly visible speakers and consultants and their frequent presentations at major industry events such as the Black Hat Briefings and the 29th Annual Computer Security Institute Show in November, 2002 will provide this book with a high-profile launch. ØThe only all-encompassing book on internal network security. Windows 2000, Windows XP, Solaris, Linux and Cisco IOS and their applications are usually running simultaneously in some form on most enterprise networks. Other books deal with these components individually, but no other book provides a comprehensive solution like Special Ops. This book's unique style will give the reader the value of 10 books in 1 Hacker Code will have over 400 pages of dedicated exploit, vulnerability, and tool code with corresponding instruction. Unlike other security and programming books that dedicate hundreds of pages to architecture and theory based flaws and exploits, HC1 will dive right into deep code analysis. Previously undisclosed security research in combination with superior programming techniques from Foundstone and other respected organizations will be included in both the Local and Remote Code sections of the book.

The book will be accompanied with a FREE COMPANION CD containing both commented and uncommented versions of the source code examples presented throughout the book. In addition to the book source code, the CD will also contain a copy of the author-developed Hacker Code Library v1.0. The Hacker Code Library will include multiple attack classes and functions that can be utilized to quickly create security programs and scripts. These classes and functions will simplify exploit and vulnerability tool development to an extent never before possible with publicly available software.

* Learn to quickly create security tools that ease the burden of software testing and network administration
* Find out about key security issues regarding vulnerabilities, exploits, programming flaws, and secure code development
* Discover the differences in numerous types of web-based attacks so that developers can create proper quality assurance testing procedures and tools
* Learn to automate quality assurance, management, and development tasks and procedures for testing systems and applications
* Learn to write complex Snort rules based solely upon traffic generated by network tools and exploits The SANS Institute maintains a list of the Top 10 Software Vulnerabilities. At the current time, over half of these vulnerabilities are exploitable by Buffer Overflow attacks, making this class of attack one of the most common and most dangerous weapon used by malicious attackers. This is the first book specifically aimed at detecting, exploiting, and preventing the most common and dangerous attacks.

Buffer overflows make up one of the largest collections of vulnerabilities in existence; And a large percentage of possible remote exploits are of the overflow variety. Almost all of the most devastating computer attacks to hit the Internet in recent years including SQL Slammer, Blaster, and I Love You attacks. If executed properly, an overflow vulnerability will allow an attacker to run arbitrary code on the victim’s machine with the equivalent rights of whichever process was overflowed. This is often used to provide a remote shell onto the victim machine, which can be used for further exploitation.

A buffer overflow is an unexpected behavior that exists in certain programming languages. This book provides specific, real code examples on exploiting buffer overflow attacks from a hacker's perspective and defending against these attacks for the software developer.

*Over half of the SANS TOP 10 Software Vulnerabilities are related to buffer overflows.

*None of the current-best selling software security books focus exclusively on buffer overflows.

*This book provides specific, real code examples on exploiting buffer overflow attacks from a hacker's perspective and defending against these attacks for the software developer.

Hacking the Code has over 400 pages of dedicated exploit, vulnerability, and tool code with corresponding instruction. Unlike other security and programming books that dedicate hundreds of pages to architecture and theory based flaws and exploits, Hacking the Code dives right into deep code analysis. Previously undisclosed security research in combination with superior programming techniques from Foundstone and other respected organizations is included in both the Local and Remote Code sections of the book. The book is accompanied with a FREE COMPANION CD containing both commented and uncommented versions of the source code examples presented throughout the book. In addition to the book source code, the CD also contains a copy of the author-developed Hacker Code Library v1.0. The Hacker Code Library includes multiple attack classes and functions that can be utilized to quickly create security programs and scripts. These classes and functions simplify exploit and vulnerability tool development to an extent never before possible with publicly available software. Learn to quickly create security tools that ease the burden of software testing and network administration Find out about key security issues regarding vulnerabilities, exploits, programming flaws, and secure code development Discover the differences in numerous types of web-based attacks so that developers can create proper quality assurance testing procedures and tools Learn to automate quality assurance, management, and development tasks and procedures for testing systems and applications Learn to write complex Snort rules based solely upon traffic generated by network tools and exploits The incredible low maintenance costs of Snort combined with its powerful security features make it one of the fastest growing IDSs within corporate IT departments.

Snort 2.0 Intrusion Detection is the first book dealing with the Snort IDS and is written by a member of Snort.org. Readers will receive valuable insight to the code base of Snort and in-depth tutorials of complex installation, configuration, and troubleshooting scenarios.

The primary reader will be an individual who has a working knowledge of the TCP/IP protocol, expertise in some arena of IT infrastructure, and is inquisitive about what has been attacking their IT network perimeter every 15 seconds.

The most up-to-date and comprehensive coverage for Snort 2.0!
Expert Advice from the Development Team and Step-by-Step Instructions for Installing, Configuring, and Troubleshooting the Snort 2.0 Intrusion Detection System
Free CD Contains the Latest Version of Snort and Popular Plug-Ins Including ACID, Barnyard, and Swatch The incredible low maintenance costs of Snort combined with its powerful security features make it one of the fastest growing IDSs within corporate IT departments. Snort 2.0 Intrusion Detection is the first book dealing with the Snort IDS and is written by a member of Snort.org. Readers will receive valuable insight to the code base of Snort and in-depth tutorials of complex installation, configuration, and troubleshooting scenarios. The primary reader will be an individual who has a working knowledge of the TCP/IP protocol, expertise in some arena of IT infrastructure, and is inquisitive about what has been attacking their IT network perimeter every 15 seconds. The most up-to-date and comprehensive coverage for Snort 2.0! Expert Advice from the Development Team and Step-by-Step Instructions for Installing, Configuring, and Troubleshooting the Snort 2.0 Intrusion Detection System Free CD Contains the Latest Version of Snort and Popular Plug-Ins Including ACID, Barnyard, and Swatch The Programmer's Ultimate Security DeskRef is the only complete desk reference covering multiple languages and their inherent security issues. It will serve as the programming encyclopedia for almost every major language in use. While there are many books starting to address the broad subject of security best practices within the software development lifecycle, none has yet to address the overarching technical problems of incorrect function usage. Most books fail to draw the line from covering best practices security principles to actual code implementation. This book bridges that gap and covers the most popular programming languages such as Java, Perl, C++, C#, and Visual Basic. * Defines the programming flaws within the top 15 programming languages. * Comprehensive approach means you only need this book to ensure an application's overall security. * One book geared toward many languages. Why spend tens of thousands on an Intrusion Detection System? Snort is a powerful Network Intrusion Detection System that can provide enterprise wide sensors to protect your computer assets from both internal and external attack. Snort can put the information you need at your fingertips about any suspicious activity on your network. Snort is a lightweight network intrusion detection system, capable of performing real-time traffic analysis and packet logging on IP networks. It can perform protocol analysis, content searching/matching and can be used to detect a variety of attacks and probes, such as buffer overflows, stealth port scans, CGI attacks, SMB probes, OS fingerprinting attempts, and much more. The incredible low maintenance costs of Snort combined with it's powerful security features are making Snort one of the fastest growing IDSs within corporate IT departments. The incredible low maintenance costs of Snort combined with its powerful security features make it one of the fastest growing IDSs within corporate IT departments. Snort 2.0 Intrusion Detection is written by a member of Snort.org. The book provides a valuable insight to the code base of Snort and in-depth tutorials of complex installation, configuration, and troubleshooting scenarios. The primary reader will be an individual who has a working knowledge of the TCP/IP protocol, expertise in some arena of IT infrastructure, and is inquisitive about what has been attacking their IT network perimeter every 15 seconds. The most up-to-date and comprehensive coverage for Snort 2.0! Expert Advice from the Development Team and Step-by-Step Instructions for Installing, Configuring, and Troubleshooting the Snort 2.0 Intrusion Detection System. Programmer's Ultimate Security Deskref : Asp -- Programmer's Ultimate Security Deskref : C -- Programmer's Ultimate Security Deskref : C++ -- Programmer's Ultimate Security Deskref : C♯ -- Programmer's Ultimate Security Deskref : Coldfusion -- Programmer's Ultimate Security Deskref : Javascript -- Programmer's Ultimate Security Deskref : Jscript -- Programmer's Ultimate Security Deskref : Lisp -- Programmer's Ultimate Security Deskref : Perl -- Programmer's Ultimate Security Deskref : Php -- Programmer's Ultimate Security Deskref : Python -- Programmer's Ultimate Security Deskref : Vba -- Programmer's Ultimate Security Deskref : Vbscript. James C. Foster, Stephen C. Foster. Tollerate da un'autorit nuova, e per altri versi orridamente repressiva, bande di "giustizieri" infestano la citt vetrioleggiando le belle donne. Quale evento, o presa di potere, divide la societ che Paolini descrive dalla nostra? Chi Marcello, pittore dissidente la cui ambizione lo porter a flirtare col potere; e chi la bellissima Giulia, sua moglie, abbandonata per non aver ceduto al ricatto della sua carriera, e ancora ricattata dalla falsa ideologia del giovante succeduto al marito? "James C. Foster's Buffer Overflow Attacks clearly demonstrates that the only way to defend against the endless variety of buffer overflow attacks is to implement a comprehensive design, coding, and test plan for all of your applications. From Dave Aitel's Foreword through the last Appendix, this is the only book dedicated exclusively to detecting, exploiting, and preventing buffer overflow attacks."--BOOK JACKET Contains information of dedicated exploit, vulnerability, and tool code along with corresponding instruction. This book also includes a CD which contains both commented and uncommented versions of the source code examples presented throughout, along with a copy of the author-developed Hacker Code Library v1.0.