Broadening the Genetic Bases of Crop Production (Cabi)

This book focuses on the previously neglected interface between the conservation of plant genetic resources and their utilization. Only through utilization can the potential value of conserved genetic resources be realised. However, as this book shows, much conserved germplasm has to be subjected to long-term pre-breeding and genetic enhancement before it can be used in plant breeding programmes.The authors explore the rationale and approaches for such pre-breeding efforts as the basis for broadening the genetic bases of crop production. Examples from a range of major food crops are presented and issues analysed by leading authorities from around the world. BROADENING THE GENETIC BASE OF CROP PRODUCTION......Page 3 Contents......Page 5 Contributors......Page 9 Foreword......Page 15 Preface......Page 17 Acronyms and Abbreviations......Page 19 1. Broadening the Genetic Base of Crops: an Overview......Page 23 2. Evolutionary and Genetic Perspectives on the Dynamics of Crop Genepools......Page 46 3. Base-broadening: Introgression and Incorporation......Page 92 4. The Role of Local-level Geneflow in Enhancing and Maintaining Genetic Diversity......Page 101 5. Regulatory Aspects of Breeding for Diversity......Page 124 6. Decentralized and Participatory Plant Breeding for Marginal Environments......Page 134 7. Empowering Farmers and Broadening the Genetic Base: Agricultural Research and Resource Management......Page 155 8. The State of Millet Diversity and its Use in West Africa......Page 165 9. The State of the Use of Maize Genetic Diversity in the USA and Sub-Saharan Africa......Page 176 10. The State of the Use of Potato Genetic Diversity......Page 197 11. The State of the Use of Cassava Genetic Diversity and a Proposal to Enhance it......Page 217 12. The State of the Use of Musa Diversity......Page 238 13. Dynamic Management of Genetic Resources: a 13-year Experiment on Wheat......Page 259 14. Genetic Base-broadening of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in the Nordic Countries......Page 275 15. Evolutionary Changes in Cambridge Composite Cross Five of Barley......Page 285 16. Genetic Base-broadening in the West Indies Sugar Cane Breeding Programme by the Incorporation of Wild Species......Page 297 17. Potential of Genetic Resources and Breeding Strategies for Base-broadening in Beta......Page 309 18. HOPE, a Hierarchical, Open-ended System for Broadening the Breeding Base of Maize......Page 324 19. The Germplasm Enhancement of Maize (GEM) Project: Private and Public Sector Collaboration......Page 332 20. A French Cooperative Programmefor Management and Utilization of Maize Genetic Resources......Page 343 21. Broadening the Genetic Base of Lentil in South Asia......Page 353 22. Genetic Diversity of Barley: Use of Locally Adapted Germplasm to Enhance Yield and Yield Stability of Barley in Dry Areas......Page 362 23. Breeding Phaseolus for Intercrop Combinations in Andean Highlands......Page 383 24. Improving Potato Resistance to Disease under the GlobalInitiative on Late Blight......Page 395 25. A Mexican Bean Breeding Programme for ComprehensiveHorizontal Resistance to all Locally Important Pests and Diseases......Page 409 26. The Impact of Decentralized and Participatory Plant Breeding on the Genetic Base of Crops......Page 417 27. Base-broadening for Client-oriented Impact: Insights Drawn from Participatory Plant Breeding Field Experience......Page 428 Final Statement by Participants in the Rome Workshop on Broadening the Genetic Base of Crops, September 1997......Page 445 Index......Page 449

This book focuses on the previously neglected interface between the conservation of plant genetic resources and their utilization. Only through utilization can the potential value of conserved genetic resources be realized. However, as this book shows, much conserved germplan has to be subjected to long term pre-breeding and genetic enhancement before it can be used in plant breeding programs. The authors explore the rationale and approaches for such pre-breeding efforts as the basis for broadening the genetic bases of crop production. Examples from a range of major food crops are presented and issues are analyzed by leading authorities from around the world.

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For plant breeders, scientists concerned with genetic resource conservation, and research managers in agriculture and biodiversity, a collection of papers on approaches that contribute to broadening the genetic base of cropsa prerequisite to the commitment by World Food Summit leaders to halve the number of undernourished people by 2015. A number of the papers describe efforts at large-scale development of locally adapted populations from unimproved or exotic sources through long-term, population-based approaches. Others reflect recent developments in participatory plant breeding and in situ conservation of genetic resources. Distributed by Oxford U. Press. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)

This book focuses on the previously neglected interface between the conservation of plant genetic resources and their utilization. Only through utilization can the potential value of conserved genetic resources be realized. However, as this book shows, much conserved germplasm has to be subjected to long-term pre-breeding and genetic enhancement before it can be used in plant breeding programmes. The authors explore the rationale and approaches for such pre-breeding efforts as the basis for broadening the genetic base of crop production. Examples from a range of major food crops (pearl millet, maize, potatoes, cassava and Musa) are presented and issues analysed by leading authorities from around the world. Twenty-seven papers are presented in 4 sections: general principles (7 papers), crop case studies (5 papers), population management (8 papers), and other approaches to broadening the genetic base of crops (7 papers). The book is aimed at plant breeders, genetic resource conservation scientists and research managers in agriculture and biodiversity. This text focuses on the interface between the conservation of plant genetic resources and their utilization. It seeks to show that much conserved germplan has to be subjected to long-term pre-breeding and genetic enhancement before it can be used in plant breeding programmes