British Shipping in the Mediterranean during the Napoleonic Wars, The Untold Story of a Successful Adaptation (Brill's Studies in Maritime History, 4)

In British Shipping in the Mediterranean during the Napoleonic Wars Katerina Galani offers a detailed account of Britains successful adaptation to economic warfare at sea during the intermittent conflicts of the late 18th century. Contents 8 Acknowledgments 10 List of Illustrations 12 List of Abbreviations 15 Note on Names of Places 16 Chapter 1 Introduction 18 The “Extended Mediterranean” in the 19th Century 25 Structure of the Book 32 Chapter 2 The End of the ‘Long 18th Century’ in the Mediterranean: An Overview 36 Introduction 36 The Mediterranean and the British Empire 41 The Actors: The British 50 Navigating the Mediterranean: The Market Scope 57 The Co-actors: Foreign and Local Carriers 61 Conclusion 70 Chapter 3 Charting British Sea Routes in the Mediterranean 71 Introduction 71 Lloyd’s List as a Historical Source 72 Some Methodological Remarks 80 The Evidence on British Shipping 81 1 The British Ports 87 2 The Mediterranean Ports 91 An Increase in Shipping: Causality and Interpretations 98 Chapter 4 British Shipping on the Micro-Scale: From Long-Distance to Short-Distance Hauls 106 Introduction 106 British Shipping at the Port of Livorno 118 Sea Routes: Livorno’s Involvement in Intra-Mediterranean Hauls 121 Between Grand Traffic and Short-Distance Shipping: The Passengers 133 Conclusion 141 Chapter 5 An Age of Transition for British Shipping: Institutional and Organisational Shifts 143 Introduction 143 Shipping in the Early Modern Era 148 Institutional Changes: A Step towards the Systematisation of the Industry 151 Changes in Everyday Business: Specialisation 158 Conclusion 171 Chapter 6 How Profitable a Business was it After All? 173 Introduction 173 Earnings 178 The Cost of Shipping 184 The Ship 185 The Organisation of Shipping 193 The Crew 201 Conclusion 205 Chapter 7 Levant Company: The Institutional Branch of British Shipping in the Mediterranean 207 Introduction 207 The Levant Company: Its Operation 210 The State of the Company’s Shipping and Trade in the Late 18th Century 216 Free Traders and the Monopolistic Company 227 Conclusion 239 Chapter 8 Conclusion 241 Appendices 246 Bibliography 263 Index 292 La 4e de couv. indique : "In British Shipping in the Mediterranean during the Napoleonic Wars Katerina Galani investigates the impact of the French and Napoleonic wars on British maritime economic activity. Due to the close cooperation of the public and private sector at sea, the British adopted flexible business strategies to mitigate economic warfare and sustain shipping and trade in the Mediterranean. The book offers a comprehensive approach by combining the study of international relations, ports, ships, business organisation, deep-sea voyages and intra-Mediterranean navigation. Galani conceptualises the Mediterranean as an economic entity and she insightfully examines, for the first time, free traders along with the chartered Levant Company. Her analysis draws upon a unique collection of British and Mediterranean sources to construct a multifaceted view of British maritime activity." "In British Shipping in the Mediterranean during the Napoleonic Wars Katerina Galani investigates the impact of the French and Napoleonic wars on British maritime economic activity. Due to the close cooperation of the public and private sector at sea, the British adopted flexible business strategies to mitigate economic warfare and sustain shipping and trade in the Mediterranean. The book offers a comprehensive approach by combining the study of international relations, ports, ships, business organisation, deep-sea voyages and intra-Mediterranean navigation. Galani conceptualises the Mediterranean as an economic entity and she insightfully examines, for the first time, free traders along with the chartered Levant Company. Her analysis draws upon a unique collection of British and Mediterranean sources to construct a multifaceted view of British maritime activity."--Provided by publisher In British shipping in the Mediterranean Katerina Galani investigates the impact of the French and Napoleonic wars on British maritime economic activity. Due to the close cooperation of the public and private sector at sea, the British adopted flexible business strategies to mitigate economic warfare and sustain shipping and trade in the Mediterranean. The book offers a comprehensive approach by combining the study of international relations, ports, ships, business organisation, deep-sea voyages and intra-Mediterranean navigation. Katerina Galani conceptualises the Mediterranean as an economic entity and she insightfully examines, for the first time, free traders along with the chartered Levant Company. Her analysis draws upon a unique collection of British and Mediterranean sources to construct a multifaceted view of British maritime activity.