Brill's Companion to the Reception of Athenian Democracy From the Late Middle Ages to the Contemporary Era (Brill's Companions to Philosophy)

Half Title Series Information Title Page Copyright Page Contents Preface Acknowledgements Abbreviations Illustrations Notes on Contributors Introduction 1 Some Reasons for a Companion 2 The Structure of the Volume 2.1 Part I: An Introduction to Athenian Democracy and Its Reception 2.2 Part II: the Reception of Athenian Democracy: Ages, Countries, Scholarship 2.3 Part III: Modern Philosophy in the Face of Athenian Democracy 2.4 Part IV: Athenian Democracy and Contemporary Political Science Bibliography Part 1 An Introduction to Athenian Democracy and Its Reception Chapter 1 The Nature of Athenian Democracy 1 Democracy 2 Ideology 3 Institutions 4 History 5 The Character of the Fourth-Century Democracy 6 Tradition109 Bibliography Part 2 The Reception of Athenian Democracy Chapter 2 Athenian Democracy in the Late Middle Ages and Early Humanism 1 Aristotle’s Reappearance: a False Start 2 Francesco Petrarca: the Men, Not the Institutions 3 In Florence: the First Humanist Wave 3.1 Leonardo Bruni and the First Humanists Interested in Athens’ Institutions 3.2 Poggio Bracciolini 3.3 Leon Battista Alberti Bibliography Chapter 3 Athenian Democracy in the Italian Renaissance 1 Naples: the Second Humanist Wave 1.1 Giovanni Pontano 1.2 Francesco Patrizi of Siena 2 Niccolò Machiavelli: the Rise of the Mixed Constitution 3 Carlo Sigonio: the Time of the Antiquarians Bibliography Chapter 4 Hobbes, Thucydides and Athenian Democracy 1 By Way of Introduction 2 Hobbes’ Translation of Thucydides and His “Humanist” Period 3 Hobbes, Thucydides, and Athenian Democracy 4 Athenian Democracy and the Early Years of Charles i’s Reign 5 Conclusions Bibliography Chapter 5 The Reception of Athenian Democracy in French Culture from the Enlightenment to the Second Empire 1 Prolegomena 2 Rollin and the Emergence of a Democratic Athens 3 The Democratic Athens from Montesquieu to Barthélemy (1748–1788) 4 Athenian Democracy in the Culture of the People of the Revolution 5 “The Imaginary Liberal” and the Development of a “Bourgeois Athens” by Pierre-Charles Lévesque to Benjamin Constant (between 1795 and 1819) 6 The Reception of the “Liberal” Athens in France, from George Grote to Victor Duruy Bibliography Chapter 6 Athens and the Founders of the American Republic 1 The Founders’ Classical Education 2 The Persian Wars and the Superiority of Republican Government 3 Athens and the Perils of Democracy 4 The Fall of Greece and the Need for a Strong Central Government Bibliography Chapter 7 The Character of Democracy: Grote’s Athens and Its Legacy 1 Grote’s Athens in Its Context 2 The Character of Democracy 3 A Revolutionary Athens 4 The Impact of Grote’s Athens Bibliography Chapter 8 German Evaluations of Athenian Democracy in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries 1 Repercussions of the French Revolution 2 Burckhardt, Weber and the Subordination of the Individual to the State 3 Topical Criticism of Athens by Nineteenth Century German Classicists 4 Positive Images of Athens 5 The “Rehabilitation” of Athenian Democracy 6 From the First World War to the Third Reich 7 No German Exceptionalism Bibliography Chapter 9 Liberty Ancient and Modern in Twentieth-Century Italy: Between Classical Scholarship and Political Theory 1 Moral Liberty versus Hedonistic Liberty: Croce on the Ancients and the Moderns 2 Greek Liberty and Universal History: Arnaldo Momigliano 3 Greece versus Rome: the Anti-liberal Point of View of Aldo Ferrabino 4 Demosthenes as the Hero of Liberty: Piero Treves 5 Greatness and Limits of Athens: Gaetano De Sanctis 6 Modern Democracy: Nothing to Do with Athens? 7 Modern Democracy: Something to Do with Athens? Bibliography Part 3 Modern Philosophy in the Face of Athenian Democracy Chapter 10 What Has Marxism Got to Do with Ancient Athens?: Marx and Marxist Historiography on Ancient Democracy 1 Introduction1 2 The Polis According to Marx 3 A “Republican Yankee” in Russia 4 The Schoolmaster and the Erudite Philistine 5 The Ethnological Notebooks, a Contaminated Text 6 What is Left of Marxist Historiography? Bibliography Chapter 11 The Philosopher and the City: Leo Strauss’ Reading of Athenian Democracy 1 Leo Strauss and the Quarrel between the Ancients and the Moderns 2 A Tale of Two Cities 3 The Philosopher and the City 4 Jerusalem and Athens 5 Writing between the Lines 6 Beyond the Veil Bibliography Chapter 12 “The Political Sphere of Life, Where Speech Rules Supreme”: Hannah Arendt’s Imaginative Reception of Athenian Democracy 1 The Loss of Tradition 2 Democracy versus Isonomia 3 The Polis as Experience of Interdependence 4 A Difficult Recuperation? 5 The Re-emergence of Isonomy Bibliography Chapter 13 Philosophy as a Political Praxis: Foucault’s Use of the Classics 1 Foucault, the Classical Heritage, and the Enlightenment 2 The Care of the Self and the Political Domain 3 The Construction of Philosophical Ethos 4 Parrhesia as Resistance 5 Nussbaum’s Theory of Justice – or, What Foucault’s Philosophy Lacks Bibliography Part 4 Athenian Democracy and Contemporary Political Science Chapter 14 Classical Athens as an Epistemic Democracy 1 Introduction: Theories of Epistemic Democracy1 2 A Successful Epistemic Democracy 3 Conditions for Knowledge Aggregation 4 Cleisthenes’ Reforms: Demes and Tribes as Social Networks 5 The Council of 500: Structural Holes and Bridging Ties 6 Organizational and Individual Learning 7 Conclusions Bibliography Chapter 15 Sortition and Politics: From Radical to Deliberative Democracy – and Back? 1 Introduction1 2 Athens: Sortition as a Tool for Radical Democracy 2.1 Sortition in the Athenian Polity 2.2 The Ideal of Radical Democracy 2.3 Divinatory Sortition and Distributive Sortition 3 Sortition and Democracy, Ancient and Modern 3.1 Randomly Selected Minipublics and Deliberative Democracy 3.2 Representative Sample and Descriptive Representation 3.3 Legitimacy and Challenges 3.4 Sortition and Politics: a Typology 4 Conclusion Bibliography General Index of Names and Subjects "The first ever guide to the reception of classical Athenian democracy, Brill's Companion to the Reception of Athenian Democracy delivers a fresh and wide-ranging analysis of the uses and reinterpretations of ancient Greek democracy from the late Middle Ages to the XXI century. The book's first section explores this history from the rediscovery of classical antiquity in the Renaissance in different countries (England, France, Germany, Italy, American Republic) and ages, while the second section focuses on philosophical movements such as Marxism and on contemporary philosophers such as Leo Strauss, Hannah Arendt and Michel Foucault; the last section examines the reception from the perspective of current political science. The book offers a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach to this important topic by bringing together internationally recognised scholars from a variety of disciplines, including ancient and modern historians, historians of political thought, political philosophers, and political scientists"-- Provided by publisher __Brill's Companion to the Reception of Athenian Democracy__