Breast-Feeding: Early Influences on Later Health (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology Book 639)

Breast-Feeding: Early Influences on Later Health is a new book which draws together areas of research in early lifel programming of adult health, with a unique focus on the post-natal period in terms of early life programming particularly the extent to which differences in infant feeding practices can lay an indelible imprint on metabolism and behaviour, and hence affect later function and risk of disease. This is an area where there is much less information currently available than there is for fetal programming, and the book raises many new questions and highlights numerous areas where further research is needed. The book chapters are arranged in three core sections: Chapters 1-4 lay down some of the basic biology of early life development; Chapters 5-9 examine how breast-milk and breast-feeding might ‘programme’ these processes by acting as modulators of development; Chapters 10-17 examine the epidemiological evidence that such effects do indeed exist. In addition the book includes unique chapters on the Evolution of human lactation and complementary feeding, The Macy-György Prize Lecture ‘My Milky Way’, updates on HIV and Breast-Feeding and on Early breastfeeding cessation and infant mortality in low-income countries, and measuring trace immune factors in human milk, all important topics that have such a critical impact on child health and survival in many countries. Front Matter....Pages i-xii Growth and Organ Development....Pages 1-13 Nutrient Transfer: Mammary Gland Regulation....Pages 15-27 Micronutrient Transfer: Infant Absorption....Pages 29-40 Developmental Aspects of the Mucosal Immune System: Role of External Environment, Mucosal Microflora and Milk....Pages 41-56 Infant Feeding and Growth....Pages 57-66 Intestinal Flora....Pages 67-79 Transenteric Signalling: Mammary Messages or White Noise?....Pages 81-95 Immune Function....Pages 97-111 Flavour Programming during Breast-Feeding....Pages 113-120 Methodological Challenges in Studying Long-term Effects of Breast-Feeding....Pages 121-133 The Long Term Effects of Early Postnatal Diet on Adult Health....Pages 135-144 Protective Effect of Breast-Feeding against Obesity in Childhood: Can a Meta-analysis of Published Observational Studies Help to Validate the Hypothesis?....Pages 145-152 Breast-Feeding Influences on Later Life — Cardiovascular Disease....Pages 153-166 Do Infants Who Are Breast-fed Have an Altered Risk of Developing Cancer?....Pages 167-198 Effects of Breast-feeding on Cognitive Function....Pages 199-215 Developmental Origins of Osteoporotic Fracture....Pages 217-236 The Long-term Effects of Breast-feeding on Asthma and Atopic Disease....Pages 237-251 Evolution of Human Lactation and Complementary Feeding: Implications for Understanding Contemporary Cross-cultural Variation....Pages 253-282 Macy-György Prize Lecture: My Milky Way....Pages 283-290 Exclusive Breast-feeding and HIV Infection....Pages 291-298 Breast-feeding Practices in Relation to HIV in India....Pages 299-311 Breast-feeding and HIV-1 Infection: Maternal Health....Pages 313-318 Early Breast-feeding Cessation and Infant Mortality in Low-income Countries....Pages 319-329 Measuring Trace Immune Factors in Human Milk....Pages 331-337 Abstracts of Poster Presentations....Pages 339-419 Back Matter....Pages 421-428