Breast and Gynecological Cancers : an Integrated Approach for Screening and Early Diagnosis in Developing Countries

Low- and middle-income countries have seen a dramatic rise in the incidence of breast and gynecological cancers in the past decade. Organized cancer screening programs are not widely available in developing countries, leading to disproportionately higher mortality rates compared to those in the developed world. This book addresses cost-effective strategies for implementing programs aimed at screening for the early detection of breast, cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancers. A well woman clinic concept providing such services as part of women’s health examinations is proposed, aiming to ensure patient compliance by limiting clinic visits required for initial testing and diagnosis of screen positive cases. Front Matter....Pages i-xv Burden of Breast and Gynecological Cancers in Low-Resource Countries....Pages 1-17 Breast Cancer: Pathology, Cytology, and Core Needle Biopsy Methods for Diagnosis....Pages 19-37 Gynecological Cancers: Pathology and Cytological Methods for Diagnosis of Gynecological Cancers....Pages 39-55 Screening and Early Diagnosis of Breast Cancer: Proven Methodology and an Optimized Strategy for Developing Countries....Pages 57-82 HPV and Cervical Cancer....Pages 83-98 Screening for Cervical Cancer in Low-Resource Countries....Pages 99-123 Ovarian Cancer Screening and Early Detection in Low- and Middle-Income Countries....Pages 125-148 Endometrial Cancer: Risk Factors and Early Diagnosis in Low-Resource Countries....Pages 149-167 Breast and Gynecologic Cancer Prevention in Low-Resource Countries....Pages 169-188 Combined Screening for Breast and Gynecological Cancers Using Mobile Clinics: The Barretos Experience (Brazil)....Pages 189-199 Cost-Effectiveness of Screening for and Early Diagnosis of Breast and Gynecological Cancers in Low-Income Countries....Pages 201-213 Challenges for Breast and Gynecological Cancer Control by Early Detection in Less-Developed Countries....Pages 215-227 Funding for Global Healthcare Intervention: Initiatives Aimed at Controlling Cancer in Women in Low-Resource Countries....Pages 229-272 Coordinated Training on Early Detection and Diagnosis of Breast Cancer Across Different Levels of Health Workers: An Example from Peru....Pages 273-284 Telemedicine in Cancer Control Programs in Developing Countries....Pages 285-299 Breast Cancer Screening and Cervical Cancer Prevention in Developing Countries: Strategies for the Future....Pages 301-329 Well Woman Clinic Concept: An Integrated Approach for Screening and Early Diagnosis of Breast and Gynecological Cancers in Developing Countries....Pages 331-347 Back Matter....Pages 349-360 Women in developing nations experience higher incidence rates and higher mortality rates of breast and gynecological cancers, creating a critical need for cancer control programs that can use available, often scant, resources to match the existing disease burden. This book promotes integrating screening and early detection of breast and gynecological cancers through cost effective modalities like single visit screening and diagnosis, well woman clinics, and mobile clinics. International experts in the field weigh in on tested and proven methods for screening, early diagnosis, and prevention of these cancers in both rural and urban settings with varying levels of funding. Case studies from Brazil, Peru, the Middle East and Africa are included to illustrate particular aspects of screening, treatment, and funding. Breast and Gynecological Cancers: An Integrated Approach for Screening and Early Diagnosis in Developing Countries is a crucial compendium of information for all those concerned with the wellness of women worldwide