Borough and town: a study of urban origins in England

Frontmatter 1 CHAPTER I The Mediaeval Town in Historical Literature (page 3) 19 1. Georg von Below and Earlier Writers (page 3) 19 2. Henri Pirenne and Siegfried Rietschel (page 6) 22 3. French Historians (page 13) 29 4. English Historians (page 15) 31 CHAPTER II Urban Liberties on the Continent (page 22) 38 1. Urban Development in Northwestern Europe (page 22) 38 2. Elementary Liberties (page 29) 49 3. Advanced Liberties (page 34) 54 4. Conclusions (page 43) 63 CHAPTER III The Anglo-Saxon Borough (page 47) 67 1. The Ceaster (page 47) 67 2. The Burh (page 52) 72 3. The Burghal District (page 60) 80 4. The Port (page 65) 85 CHAPTER IV The Domesday Borough (page 73) 93 1. Domesday Terminology (page 73) 93 2. Lords and Lands (page 81) 101 3. Burgage Tenure (page 88) 108 4. Borough Assessment (page 96) 116 5. Burgess Privilege (page 107) 127 CHAPTER V The Borough Community (page 120) 140 1. Charters to New Boroughs (page 120) 140 2. Charters to Old Boroughs (page 128) 148 3. The Freedom of the Borough (page 138) 158 4. Courts and Gilds (page 146) 166 CHAPTER VI Borough Self-Government (page 152) 172 1. Borough Services (page 152) 172 2. Borough Taxation (page 160) 180 3. The Nucleus of the Municipality (page 166) 186 4. The Borough and the Commune (page 173) 193 CHAPTER VII The Growth of the Borough (page 186) 206 1. Topographical Study: Roman Foundations (page 186) 206 2. Topographical Study: Mediaeval Foundations (page 195) 219 3. The Social Transition in the Boroughs (page 205) 237 APPENDICES 247 I. Giry and Luchaire on the Commune (page 215) 247 II. Table of Anglo-Saxon Boroughs (page 220) 252 III. Table of Ranking Boroughs in Domesday (page 221) 253 IV. Table of Borough Aids in the Twelfth Century (page 222) 254 V. Table of Ranking Boroughs under Henry I (page 225) 257 VI. Table of Ranking Boroughs under Henry II (page 225) 257 INDICES 259 Authors (page 227) 259 Places (page 230) 262 Technical Terms and Subjects (page 234) 266