رفتار بدنی و ساخت هویت در ادبیات یونان و روم باستان

This book offers the first systematic, up-to-date, study of “semi-volitional bodily behaviour” (sneezing, spitting, coughing, burping, vomiting, defecating, etc.) in the classical world. Examining verse and prose texts, fragments, and scholia from the age of Homer to the second century AD, the central argument put forward in this volume is that semi-volitional bodily acts have the potential to betray individual or collective (ethnic/civic and cultural) identities centred on a variety of different themes. Discussions specifically focus on the following five aspects of the interplay between semi-volitional body language and identity construction: sexuality and gender; the link between sexuality and socioeconomic identity of individuals or groups; the embodied markers of civic/ethnic and cultural collectives and the contrast between “we-ness” and “otherness”; ēthos and emotions; and how dietary habits and illnesses indicate the “somo-psychosocial” identity of individuals or groups. The book offers a comprehensive understanding of representations of the human body in ancient Greece and Rome, while reopening the complex and fascinating discussion about the relationship between intention, mind, body, and identity. This book offers a fascinating study suitable for students and scholars of classics and ancient Greek and Roman history. It is also of interest to those in a variety of other disciplines, including body culture studies, gender and sexuality studies, and performance studies, as well as sociology, anthropology, cognitive medicine, and the history of medicine. This book offers the first systematic, up-to-date, cross-cultural, and detailed study of “semi-volitional bodily behaviour” (sneezing, spitting, coughing, burping, vomiting, defecating, etc.) in the classical world. Cover 1 Half Title 2 Series Page 3 Title Page 4 Copyright Page 5 Table of Contents 6 List of Figures 8 List of Abbreviations 10 Acknowledgements 11 Introduction 14 Defining fundamental terms 17 Current perspectives and approaches in classical scholarship 25 Outline 29 Notes 33 Bibliography 37 Chapter 1 Sexual identity in bodily production 48 Sneezing and the failed concealment of homosexuality 50 Bodily evacuations, erotic desire, and sexual identity 59 Defecation, ejaculation, and urination 59 Flatulence, socioeconomics, and sexuality 71 Vomiting and hypermasculinity 73 Notes 75 Bibliography 86 Chapter 2 Framing collective and clashing identities 96 The “silent language” of ethnic/cultural communities 98 Codifying indecency: Bodily behaviour in public 99 Spitting, vomiting, and two cases of “farticide” 107 The “silent language” and religion 111 Identity clashes, literature, and meta-literature 121 Notes 133 Bibliography 151 Chapter 3 Nonverbal behaviour, ēthos, and emotions 159 Contempt, enmity, and anger 162 Disgust 173 Ridicule, embarrassment, and shame 187 Envy 190 Notes 192 Bibliography 203 Chapter 4 Body from the inside out: Identity, diet, and medical conditions 213 Food and dietary choices and patterns 214 The body in medical conditions 224 Notes 233 Bibliography 244 Conclusion 250 Notes 253 Bibliography 253 Index 256 body,language;,semi-volitional,bodily,behaviour;,bodily,acts;,defecating;,sneezing;,spitting;,coughing;,burping;,vomiting;,ethnic/civic,identity;,cultural,identity body language,semi-volitional bodily behaviour,bodily acts,defecating,sneezing,spitting,coughing,burping,vomiting,ethnic/civic identity,cultural identity