Blackwell's five-minute veterinary consult clinical companion : equine toxicology

Blackwell’s Five-Minute Veterinary Consult Clinical Companion Equine Toxicology A clinical quick-reference guide to managing toxicants in horses Blackwell’s Five-Minute Veterinary Consult Clinical Companion: Equine Toxicology provides crucial information for managing toxicants in horses in a quick-reference format. The book begins with foundational information on clinical toxicology, including emergency management, antidotes, sample analysis, and necropsy. It then discusses specific toxicant categories and toxicants of concern, organized alphabetically for fast access in emergency situations. The identically formatted topics offer key information relevant to managing toxicants in horses, plus clinical photographs depicting plants and drugs to help clinicians and students identify toxicants. A companion website presents the figures from the book for download in PowerPoint. This book is the ideal clinical resource for busy practitioners seeking immediate access to life-saving information in time-sensitive emergencies. It places all the information the reader needs to manage toxicants in horses at their fingertips, with full color images and concise bullet points. Blackwell’s Five-Minute Veterinary Consult Clinical Companion: Equine Toxicology features: A thorough introduction to emergency management of the poisoned equine patient, as well as general principles of toxicants, antidotes, lab sample analysis, and necropsy analysis An exploration of specific toxins and toxicants, including illicit and pharmaceutical drugs, envenomations, insecticides, herbicides, and farm chemicals Practical discussions of metal, mycotoxin, rodenticide, and plant toxicology in horses In-depth discussion of intoxication by poisonous trees and miscellaneous toxins, like carbon monoxide, nitrates, nitrites, salt, smoke, and tropical materials Blackwell’s Five-Minute Veterinary Consult Clinical Companion: Equine Toxicology is an indispensable reference for veterinary clinicians and students dealing with equine medicine, as well as for anyone seeking concise and comprehensive information about equine toxicology. Cover Title Page Copyright Page Contents Contributor List About the Companion Website SECTION I Clinical Toxicology Chapter 1 Forensic Investigation of Equine Intoxications DEFINITION/OVERVIEW SIGNALMENT/HISTORY CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS CBC/Serum Chemistry/Urinalysis Other Laboratory Tests Pathological Findings THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Appropriate Health Care Antidotes COMMENTS Prevention/Avoidance Possible Complications Expected Course and Prognosis See Also Abbreviations Suggested Reading Chapter 2 Necropsy Analysis DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY SIGNALMENT/HISTORY CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS THERAPEUTICS COMMENTS See Also Abbreviations Suggested Reading Chapter 3 Laboratory Testing Considerations Background Information Communication is Key Common Terms and Definitions Seeking a Laboratory Samples Potential Analytical Targets Abbreviations Suggested Reading Chapter 4 Treating an Intoxicated Animal: Antidotes and Therapeutic Medications DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS CBC/Serum Chemistry/Urinalysis Other Diagnostic Tests Imaging THERAPEUTICS Goals Appropriate Health Care Antidotes Drug(s) of Choice COMMENTS Client Education Prevention/Avoidance Possible Complications Abbreviations Suggested Reading Chapter 5 Compounded Medication What is Compounding? Toxicity and Compounding (see Figs 5.1–5.3) Why Extra Caution is Needed for Compounded Products Abbreviations Internet Resources Suggested Reading SECTION II Specific Toxins and Toxicants Drugs: Illicit and Recreational Chapter 6 Cobalt DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Toxicokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors Historical Findings Location and Circumstances of Poisoning CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS CBC/Serum Chemistry/Urinalysis Other Diagnostic Tests Pathological Findings THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Appropriate Health Care Antidote Drugs of Choice Precautions/Interactions COMMENTS Client Education Prevention/Avoidance Possible Complications Expected Course and Prognosis Abbreviations Internet Resources Suggested Reading Chapter 7 Cocaine DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Toxicokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors Historical Findings Location and Circumstances of Poisoning CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS CBC/Serum Chemistry/Urinalysis Serum Samples/Urine Samples Other Diagnostic Tests Pathological Findings THERAPEUTICS Appropriate Health Care Antidotes Drugs of Choice Precautions/Interactions COMMENTS Client Education Prevention/Avoidance Expected Course and Prognosis Abbreviations Suggested Reading Chapter 8 Dermorphin DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Toxicokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT Risk Factors Historical Findings Location and Circumstances of Poisoning CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS CBC/Serum Chemistry/Urinalysis Pathological Findings Therapeutics Detoxification Appropriate Health Care Antidotes Drugs of Choice Precautions/Interactions COMMENTS Client Education Prevention/Avoidance Possible Complications Expected Course and Prognosis Suggested Reading Chapter 9 Growth Hormone and Secretagogues DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Toxicokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors Historical Findings CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Antidotes Appropriate Health Care Precautions/Interactions COMMENTS Client Education Prevention/Avoidance Possible Complications Expected Course and Prognosis Abbreviations Suggested Reading Chapter 10 Marijuana DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Toxicokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors Historical Findings Location and Circumstances of Poisoning CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Appropriate Health Care Antidotes Drugs of Choice Precautions/Interactions Surgical Considerations COMMENTS Client Education Prevention/Avoidance Expected Course and Prognosis See Also Abbreviations Suggested Reading Chapter 11 Methamphetamine/Amphetamine DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Toxicokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Historical Findings Location and Circumstances of Poisoning CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Appropriate Health Care Antidotes Drugs of Choice COMMENTS Client Education Behavioral monitoring. Prevention/Avoidance Possible Complications Expected Course and Prognosis Abbreviations Suggested Reading Chapter 12 Opioids DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Toxicokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors Historical Findings CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS CBC/Serum Chemistry Other Diagnostic Tests THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Appropriate Health Care Antidotes Drugs of Choice Precautions/Interactions COMMENTS Prevention/Avoidance Possible Complications Expected Course and Prognosis Abbreviations Suggested Reading Chapter 13 Selective Androgen (SARMS) and Estrogen Receptor (SERMS) Modulators DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Toxicokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors Historical Findings CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS CBC/Serum Chemistry/Urinalysis Other Diagnostic Tests THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Antidotes Appropriate Health Care Precautions/Interactions COMMENTS Client Education Prevention/Avoidance Possible Complications Expected Course and Prognosis Suggested Reading Chapter 14 Synthetic Cannabinoids DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Toxicokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors Historical Findings Location and Circumstances of Poisoning CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS CBC/Serum Chemistry/Urinalysis Other Diagnostic Tests Pathological Findings THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Appropriate Health Care Antidotes Drugs of Choice Precautions/Interactions COMMENTS Client Education Prevention/Avoidance Possible Complications Expected Course and Prognosis Abbreviations Suggested Reading Drugs: Prescription Chapter 15 Antipsychotic Agents – Reserpine and Fluphenazine DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Pharmacokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors Historical Findings Location and Circumstances of Poisoning CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS Pathological Findings THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Appropriate Health Care Antidotes Drugs of Choice Precautions/Interactions Alternative Drugs COMMENTS Client Education Prevention/Avoidance Possible Complications Expected Course and Prognosis See Also Abbreviations Suggested Reading Chapter 16 Benzodiazepines DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Pharmacokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors Historical Findings CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Appropriate Health Care Antidotes Drugs of Choice Precautions/Interactions Alternative Drugs COMMENTS Client Education Continued Monitoring Expected Course and Prognosis Abbreviations Suggested Reading Chapter 18 Bisphosphonates DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Pharmacokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors Historical Findings Location and Circumstances of Poisoning CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS Pathological Findings THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Appropriate Health Care Antidotes Drugs of Choice Precautions/Interactions Alternative Drugs COMMENTS Client Education Prevention/Avoidance Possible Complications Expected Course and Prognosis Abbreviations Internet Resources Suggested Reading Chapter 19 Gabapentin DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Pharmacokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors Historical Findings Location and Circumstances of Poisoning CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS CBC/Serum Chemistry/Urinalysis Other Diagnostic Tests Pathological Findings THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Appropriate Health Care Antidotes Drugs of Choice Precautions/Interactions COMMENTS Client Education Prevention/Avoidance Possible Complications Expected Course and Prognosis Abbreviations Internet Resources Chapter 20 Iodine DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Toxicokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors Historical Findings Location and Circumstances of Poisoning CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS Diagnostic Blood Tests Other Diagnostic Tests THERAPEUTICS Detoxification COMMENTS Client Education Prevention/Avoidance Expected Course and Prognosis Abbreviations Suggested Reading Chapter 21 Medroxyprogesterone Acetate DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Pharmacokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors Historical Findings Location and Circumstances of Poisoning CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS CBC/Serum Chemistry Other Diagnostic Tests Pathological Findings THERAPEUTICS Appropriate Health Care Antidotes Drugs of Choice Precautions/Interactions COMMENTS Client Education Prevention/Avoidance Possible Complications Expected Course and Prognosis Abbreviations Internet Resources Abbreviations Suggested Reading Chapter 22 Methylxanthine: Caffeine, Theobromine, Theophylline DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Etiology Mechanism of Action Toxicokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors Historical Findings Location and Circumstances of Poisoning CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS Pathological Findings THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Drugs of Choice Precautions/Interactions Client Education Patient Monitoring Prevention/Avoidance Expected Course and Prognosis Abbreviations Suggested Reading Endnote Chapter 23 Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Pharmacokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors Historical Findings Location and Circumstances of Poisoning CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS CBC/Serum Chemistry/Urinalysis Other Diagnostic Tests Pathological Findings THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Appropriate Health Care Antidotes Drugs of Choice Precautions/Interactions COMMENTS Client Education Prevention/Avoidance Possible Complications Expected Course and Prognosis Abbreviations Suggested Reading Chapter 24 Levothyroxine DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Pharmacokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors Historical Findings Location and Circumstances of Poisoning CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS CBC/Serum Chemistry/Urinalysis Other Diagnostic Tests Pathological Findings THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Appropriate Health Care Antidotes Drugs of Choice Precautions/Interactions COMMENTS Client Education Prevention/Avoidance Possible Complications Expected Course and Prognosis Abbreviations Internet Resources Suggested Reading Chapter 25 Vitamin D (Calciferol) DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Pharmacokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors Historical Findings CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS CBC/Serum Chemistry/Urinalysis Pathological Findings THERAPEUTICS Precautions/Interactions COMMENTS Client Education Patient Monitoring Prevention/Avoidance Possible Complications Expected Course and Prognosis Abbreviations Suggested Reading Insecticides, Herbicides and Farm Chemicals Chapter 26 Amitraz DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Toxicokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors Historical Findings Location and Circumstances of Poisoning CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS CBC/Serum Chemistry/Urinalysis Other Diagnostic Tests Pathological Findings THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Appropriate Health Care Antidotes Drugs of Choice Precautions/Interactions Surgical Considerations COMMENTS Client Education Patient Monitoring Possible Complications Expected Course and Prognosis Abbreviations Suggested Reading Chapter 27 Cholinesterase-Inhibiting Carbamate Pesticides DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Toxicokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Historical Findings Location and Circumstances of Poisoning CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS CBC/Serum Chemistry/Urinalysis Other Diagnostic Tests Pathological Findings THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Appropriate Health Care Drugs of Choice Precautions/Interactions Alternative Drugs COMMENTS Client Education Patient Monitoring Prevention/Avoidance Possible Complications Expected Course and Prognosis See Also Suggested Reading Chapter 28 Cholinesterase-Inhibiting Organophosphate Pesticides DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Toxicokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Historical Findings Location and Circumstances of Poisoning CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS CBC/Serum Chemistry/Urinalysis Other Diagnostic Tests Pathological Findings THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Appropriate Health Care Antidotes Drugs of Choice Precautions/Interactions COMMENTS Client Education Patient Monitoring Prevention/Avoidance Possible Complications Expected Course and Prognosis See Also Abbreviations Suggested Reading Chapter 29 Fertilizers – Nitrates, Urea, Phosphates, and Others DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Toxicokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors Historical Findings Location and Circumstances of Poisoning CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS CBC/Serum Chemistry/Urinalysis Other Diagnostic Tests Pathological Findings THERAPEUTICS Appropriate Health Care Antidotes COMMENTS Client Education Patient Monitoring Prevention/Avoidance Expected Course and Prognosis Abbreviations Suggested Reading Chapter 30 Herbicides DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Toxicokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors Historical Findings Location and Circumstances of Poisoning CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS CBC/Serum Chemistry/Urinalysis Other Diagnostic Tests Pathological Findings THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Appropriate Health Care Antidote Drugs of Choice Precautions/Interactions COMMENTS Client Education Patient Monitoring Prevention/Avoidance Expected Course and Prognosis See Also Abbreviations Suggested Reading Chapter 31 Paraquat and Diquat DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Toxicokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors Historical Findings Location and Circumstances of Poisoning CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS CBC/Serum Chemistry/Urinalysis Other Diagnostic Tests Pathological Findings THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Appropriate Health Care Antidotes Drugs of Choice Precautions/Interactions COMMENTS Client Education Prevention/Avoidance Possible Complications Expected Course and Prognosis Abbreviations Suggested Reading Chapter 32 Pentachlorophenol (PCP) DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Toxicokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS CBC/Serum Chemistry/Urinalysis Other Diagnostic Tests Pathological Findings THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Appropriate Health Care Antidotes Drugs of Choice COMMENTS Client Education Prevention/Avoidance Possible Complications Expected Course and Prognosis Abbreviations Chapter 33 Pyrethrins and Pyrethroid Insecticides DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Toxicokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors Location and Circumstances of Poisoning CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS CBC/Serum Chemistry/Urinalysis Other Diagnostic Tests Pathological Findings THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Appropriate Health Care Antidote Drugs of Choice Precautions/Interactions COMMENTS Client Education Prevention/Avoidance Possible Complications Expected Course and Prognosis Abbreviations Suggested Reading Ionophores and Growth Promotants Chapter 34 Ionophores DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Toxicokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT AND HISTORY Risk Factors Historical Findings Location and Circumstances of Poisoning CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS CBC/Serum Chemistry Other Diagnostic Tests Pathological Findings THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Appropriate Health Care Antidotes Drugs of Choice Precautions/Interactions COMMENTS Prevention/Avoidance Possible Complications Expected Course and Prognosis Abbreviations Suggested Reading Chapter 35 Ractopamine DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Pharmacokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors Historical Findings CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS CBC/Serum Chemistry/Urinalysis Other Diagnostic Tests Pathological Findings THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Appropriate Health Care Antidotes Drugs of Choice Precautions/Interactions COMMENTS Client Education Prevention/Avoidance Possible Complications Expected Course and Prognosis Synonyms Abbreviations Chapter 36 Zilpaterol DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Pharmacokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors Historical Findings CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS CBC/Serum Chemistry/Urinalysis Other Diagnostic Tests Pathological Findings THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Appropriate Health Care Antidotes Drugs of Choice Precautions/Interactions COMMENTS Client Education Prevention/Avoidance Possible Complications Expected Course and Prognosis Abbreviations Suggested Reading Metals Chapter 37 Arsenic DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Toxicokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS CBC/Serum Chemistry/Urinalysis Other Diagnostic Tests Pathological Findings THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Antidotes Drugs of Choice Precautions/Interactions COMMENTS Client Education Patient Monitoring Prevention/Avoidance Expected Course and Prognosis Abbreviations Suggested Reading Chapter 38 Fluoride DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Toxicokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors Location and Circumstances of Poisoning CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS Other Diagnostic Testing Pathological Findings THERAPEUTICS Appropriate Health Care Antidotes COMMENTS Prevention/Avoidance Expected Course and Prognosis Abbreviations Suggested Reading Chapter 39 Iron DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Toxicokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS CBC/Serum Chemistry/Urinalysis Other Diagnostic Tests Pathological Findings THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Antidote Precautions/Interactions COMMENTS Patient Monitoring Prevention/Avoidance Possible Complications Expected Course and Prognosis Abbreviations Suggested Reading Chapter 40 Lead DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Toxicokinetics Toxicity SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Location and Circumstances of Poisoning Systems Affected CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS CBC/Serum Chemistry/Urinalysis Other Diagnostic Tests Imaging Pathological Findings THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Appropriate Health Care Antidotes Drugs of Choice Precautions/Interactions COMMENTS Client Education Prevention/Avoidance Possible Complications Expected Course and Prognosis Abbreviations Suggested Reading Chapter 41 Selenium DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Toxicokinetics Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS CBC/Serum Chemistry/Urinalysis Other Diagnostic Tests Pathological Findings THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Antidotes Drugs of choice COMMENTS Client Education Prevention/Avoidance Expected Course and Prognosis Abbreviations Suggested Reading Mycotoxins / Fungus Chapter 42 Aflatoxins DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Toxicokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors Historical Findings CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS CBC/Serum Chemistry/Urinalysis Other Diagnostic Tests Pathological Findings THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Appropriate Health Care Antidotes Drugs of Choice Precautions/Interactions COMMENTS Prevention/Avoidance Possible Complications Expected Course and Prognosis Abbreviations Suggested Reading Chapter 43 Fescue (Endophyte-Infected Tall Fescue) DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Toxicokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Location and Circumstances of Poisoning CLINICAL FEATURES Historical Findings Physical Examination DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS CBC/Serum Chemistry/Urinalysis Other Diagnostic Tests Imaging Pathological Findings THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Appropriate Health Care Antidotes Drugs of Choice Precautions/Interactions Alternative Drugs COMMENTS Prevention/Avoidance Possible Complications Expected Course and Prognosis Abbreviations Chapter 44 Fumonisins DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors Historical Findings CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS CBC/Serum Chemistry/Urinalysis Other Diagnostic Tests Pathological Findings THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Appropriate Health Care Antidotes Drugs of Choice Precautions/Interactions COMMENTS Patient Monitoring Prevention/Avoidance Expected Course and Prognosis Abbreviations Suggested Reading Chapter 45 Fusaria DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors Historical Findings CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS CBC/Serum Chemistry/Urinalysis Other Diagnostic Tests Pathological Findings THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Appropriate Health Care Antidotes COMMENTS Prevention/Avoidance Possible Complications Expected Course and Prognosis See Also Abbreviations Chapter 46 Slaframine DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Toxicokinetics Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors Historical Findings CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS Pathological Findings THERAPEUTICS Appropriate Health Care Antidotes COMMENTS Client Education Prevention/Avoidance Expected Course and Prognosis Abbreviations Suggested Reading Chapter 47 Tremorgenic Mycotoxins DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Toxicokinetics Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors Historical Findings – see “Risk factors.” Location and Circumstances of Poisoning – see “Risk factors.” CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS CBC/Serum Chemistry/Urinalysis Other Diagnostic Tests Pathological Findings THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Appropriate Health Care Antidotes Drugs of Choice Precautions/Interactions COMMENTS Prevention/Avoidance Possible Complications Expected Course and Prognosis Abbreviations Suggested Reading Other Toxins Chapter 48 Clostridium botulinum Toxin DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Toxicokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors Historical Findings Location and Circumstances of Poisoning CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS CBC/Serum Chemistry/Urinalysis Other Diagnostic Tests THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Appropriate Health Care Antidotes Drugs of Choice Precautions/Interactions COMMENTS Prevention/Avoidance Possible Complications Expected Course and Prognosis Abbreviations Suggested Reading Chapter 49 Cyanide DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Toxicokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors Historical Findings Location and Circumstances of Poisoning CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS Pathological Findings THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Appropriate Health Care Drugs of Choice Precautions/Interactions Alternative Drugs COMMENTS Client Education Prevention/Avoidance Expected Course and Prognosis Abbreviations Suggested Reading Chapter 50 Sodium Chloride (Salt) DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS CBC/Serum Chemistry/Urinalysis Other Diagnostic Tests THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Appropriate Health Care Antidotes Drugs of Choice Precautions/Interactions COMMENTS Client Education Possible Complications Expected Course and Prognosis Abbreviations Suggested Reading Chapter 51 Alsike Clover (Trifolium hybridum) DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Toxicokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors Historical Findings Location and Circumstances of Poisoning CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS CBC/Serum Chemistry/Urinalysis Other Diagnostic Tests Imaging Pathological Findings THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Appropriate Health Care Antidotes Drugs of Choice Precautions/Interactions COMMENTS Patient Monitoring Prevention/Avoidance Expected Course and Prognosis Abbreviations Suggested Reading Plants and Biotoxins Chapter 52 Blue-green Algae(Cyanobacteria) DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Toxicokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors Historical Findings Location and Circumstances of Poisoning CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS CBC/Serum Chemistry/Urinalysis Other Diagnostic Tests Pathological Findings THERAPEUTICS Decontamination Appropriate Health Care Antidotes Drugs of Choice Precautions/Interactions COMMENTS Client Education Patient Monitoring Prevention/Avoidance Expected Course and Prognosis Abbreviations Suggested Reading Chapter 53 Cardiotoxic Plants DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Toxicokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors Historical Findings Location and Circumstances of Poisoning CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS CBC/Serum Chemistry/Urinalysis Other Diagnostic Tests Pathological Findings THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Appropriate Health Care Antidotes Drugs of Choice Precautions/Interactions Alternative Drugs COMMENTS Client Education Prevention/Avoidance Possible Complications Expected Course and Prognosis Abbreviations Suggested Reading Chapter 54 Day Blooming Jessamine (Cestrum diurnum) DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Toxicokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors Historical Findings Location and Circumstances of Poisoning CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS CBC/Serum Chemistry/Urinalysis Other Diagnostic Tests Imaging Pathological Findings THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Appropriate Health Care Antidote Drugs of Choice Precautions/Interactions Alternative Drugs COMMENTS Client Education Prevention/Avoidance Possible Complications Expected Course and Prognosis Abbreviations Suggested Reading Chapter 55 Death camas (Zigadenus spp.) DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS Other Diagnostic Tests Pathological Findings THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Appropriate Health Care Antidotes Drugs of Choice Precautions/Interactions Alternative Drugs COMMENTS Client Education Prevention/Avoidance Expected Course and Prognosis Abbreviations Suggested Reading Chapter 56 Hemlock (Poison Hemlock – Conium maculatum; Water Hemlock – Cicuta spp.) DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Toxicokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors Location and Circumstances of Poisoning CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS CBC/Serum Chemistry/Urinalysis Other Diagnostic Tests Pathological Findings THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Appropriate Health Care Antidotes Drugs of Choice Precautions/Interactions COMMENTS Client Education Prevention/Avoidance Possible Complications Expected Course and Prognosis Abbreviations Suggested Reading Chapter 57 Hoary Alyssum (Berteroa incana) DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Toxicokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SIGNALMENT/HISTORY Risk Factors Historical Findings Location and Circumstances of Poisoning CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTICS CBC/Serum Chemistry/Urinalysis Imaging Pathological Findings THERAPEUTICS Detoxification Appropriate Health Care Antidotes Drugs of Choice Precautions/Interactions Alternative Drugs COMMENTS Client Education Prevention/Avoidance Possible Complications Expected Course and Prognosis Abbreviations Internet Resources Suggested Reading Chapter 58 Jimsonweed (Datura stramonium) DEFINITION/OVERVIEW ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Mechanism of Action Toxicokinetics Toxicity Systems Affected SI Blackwell’s Five-Minute Veterinary Consult Clinical Companion**A clinical quick-reference guide to managing toxicants in horses** The identically formatted topics offer key information relevant to managing toxicants in horses, plus clinical photographs depicting plants and drugs to help clinicians and students identify toxicants. A companion website presents the figures from the book for download in PowerPoint. __Blackwell’s Five-Minute Veterinary Consult Clinical Companion: Equine Toxicology__ features: __Blackwell’s Five-Minute Veterinary Consult Clinical Companion: Equine Toxicology__ is an indispensable reference for veterinary clinicians and students dealing with equine medicine, as well as for anyone seeking concise and comprehensive information about equine toxicology.