Biotechnology for fuels and chemicals : the twenty-seventh symposium : proceedings of the Twenty-Seventh Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals, held May 1 - May 4, 2005, in Denver, Colorado

In Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals: The Twenty-Seventh Symposium, leading US and international researchers from academia, industry, and government exchange cutting-edge technical information and update current trends in the development and application of biotechnology for sustainable production of fuels and chemicals. This symposium emphasizes advances in biotechnology to produce high-volume, low-price products from renewable resources, while improving the environment. The major areas of interest include advanced feedstock production and processing, enzymatic and microbial biocatalysis, bioprocess research and development, opportunities in biorefineries, and commercialization of biobased products. International and domestic progress on producing liquid biofuels, especially ethanol and biodiesel, is highlighted, and related topics, including bioseparations and optimal integration of biochemical and thermochemical conversion technologies, are featured. Forward-looking and authoritative, Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals: The Twenty-Seventh Symposium provides an illuminating overview of current research and development in the production of commodity fuels and chemicals from renewable biomass resources via biochemical and thermochemical routes. Front Matter....Pages i-xviii Introduction to Session 1A....Pages 1-2 Agricultural Residue Availability in the United States....Pages 3-21 Canadian Biomass Reserves for Biorefining....Pages 22-40 Availability of Crop Residues as Sustainable Feedstock for Bioethanol Production in North Carolina....Pages 41-54 Updates on Softwood-to-Ethanol Process Development....Pages 55-70 Development of a Multicriteria Assessment Model for Ranking Biomass Feedstock Collection and Transportation Systems....Pages 71-87 Rail vs Truck Transport of Biomass....Pages 88-103 Corn Stover Fractions and Bioenergy....Pages 104-116 Separate and Simultaneous Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Fermentation of Wheat Hemicellulose With Recombinant Xylose Utilizing Saccharomyces cerevisiae ....Pages 117-129 Biofiltration Methods for the Removal of Phenolic Residues....Pages 130-152 The BTL2 Process of Biomass Utilization Entrained-Flow Gasification of Pyrolyzed Biomass Slurries....Pages 153-164 Emission Profile of Rapeseed Methyl Ester and Its Blend in a Diesel Engine....Pages 165-178 Introduction to Session 1B....Pages 179-179 Properties and Performance of Glucoamylases for Fuel Ethanol Production....Pages 180-194 Heterologous Expression of Trametes versicolor Laccase in Pichia pastoris and Aspergillus niger ....Pages 195-214 Lactose Hydrolysis and Formation of Galactooligosaccharides by a Novel Immobilized β-Galactosidase From the Thermophilic Fungus Talaromyces thermophilus ....Pages 215-225 Evaluation of Cell Recycle on Thermomyces lanuginosus Xylanase A Production by Pichia pastoris GS 115....Pages 226-233 Evaluation of Solid and Submerged Fermentations for the Production of Cyclodextrin Glycosyltransferase by Paenibacillus campinasensis H69-3 and Characterization of Crude Enzyme....Pages 234-246 Effect of β-Cyclodextrin in Artificial Chaperones Assisted Foam Fractionation of Cellulase....Pages 247-255 RSM Analysis of the Effects of the Oxygen Transfer Coefficient and Inoculum Size on the Xylitol Production by Candida guilliermondii ....Pages 256-264 Enzymatic Synthesis of Sorbitan Methacrylate According to Acyl Donors....Pages 265-277 Effect of Inhibitors Released During Steam-Explosion Pretreatment of Barley Straw on Enzymatic Hydrolysis....Pages 278-288 Purification and Characterization of Two Xylanases From Alkalophilic and Thermophilic Bacillus licheniformis 77-2....Pages 289-302 Oxidation Capacity of Laccases and Peroxidases as Reflected in Experiments With Methoxy-Substituted Benzyl Alcohols....Pages 303-319 Obtainment of Chelating Agents Through the Enzymatic Oxidation of Lignins by Phenol Oxidase....Pages 320-325 Reuse of the Xylanase Enzyme in the Biobleaching Process of the Sugarcane Bagasse Acetosolv Pulp....Pages 326-333 Detection of Nisin Expression by Lactococcus lactis Using Two Susceptible Bacteria to Associate the Effects of Nisin With EDTA....Pages 334-346 Introduction to Session 2....Pages 347-348 Existing Biorefinery Operations That Benefit From Fractal-Based Process Intensification....Pages 349-360 The Importance of Utility Systems in Today’s Biorefineries and a Vision for Tomorrow....Pages 361-381 Extraction of Hyperoside and Quercitrin From Mimosa ( Albizia julibrissin ) Foliage....Pages 382-391 Foam Control in Fermentation Bioprocess....Pages 392-404 Optimization of Biodiesel Production From Castor Oil....Pages 405-414 Front Matter....Pages 415-415 Manipulating the Phenolic Acid Content and Digestibility of Italian Ryegrass ( Lolium multiflorum ) by Vacuolar-Targeted Expression of a Fungal Ferulic Acid Esterase....Pages 416-426 Variation of S/G Ratio and Lignin Content in a Populus Family Influences the Release of Xylose by Dilute Acid Hydrolysis....Pages 427-435 Enhanced Secondary Metabolite Biosynthesis by Elicitation in Transformed Plant Root System....Pages 436-446 Front Matter....Pages 447-447 Preliminary Results on Optimization of Pilot Scale Pretreatment of Wheat Straw Used in Coproduction of Bioethanol and Electricity....Pages 448-460 The Combined Effects of Acetic Acid, Formic Acid, and Hydroquinone on Debaryomyces hansenii Physiology....Pages 461-475 Bioethanol From Cellulose With Supercritical Water Treatment Followed by Enzymatic Hydrolysis....Pages 476-485 Enhancement of the Enzymatic Digestibility of Waste Newspaper Using Tween....Pages 486-495 Front Matter....Pages 447-447 Ethanol Production From Steam-Explosion Pretreated Wheat Straw....Pages 496-508 Catalyst Transport in Corn Stover Internodes....Pages 509-527 Evaluation of Cellulase Preparations for Hydrolysis of Hardwood Substrates....Pages 528-545 Steam Pretreatment of Acid-Sprayed and Acid-Soaked Barley Straw for Production of Ethanol....Pages 546-562 Reaction Kinetics of Stover Liquefaction in Recycled Stover Polyol....Pages 563-573 Liquefaction of Corn Stover and Preparation of Polyester From the Liquefied Polyol....Pages 574-585 Enzymatic Production of Xylooligosaccharides From Corn Stover and Corn Cobs Treated With Aqueous Ammonia....Pages 586-598 Optimal Conditions for Alkaline Detoxification of Dilute-Acid Lignocellulose Hydrolysates....Pages 599-611 Reintroduced Solids Increase Inhibitor Levels in a Pretreated Corn Stover Hydrolysate....Pages 612-620 Modeling of a Continuous Pretreatment Reactor Using Computational Fluid Dynamics....Pages 621-630 Ethanol Production From Pretreated Olive Tree Wood and Sunflower Stalks by an SSF Process....Pages 631-643 Front Matter....Pages 644-644 The Development of Cement and Concrete Additive....Pages 645-658 Production of Bacillus sphaericus Entomopathogenic Biomass Using Brewery Residues....Pages 659-667 Batch (One- and Two-Stage) Production of Biodiesel Fuel From Rapeseed Oil....Pages 668-679 Optimization of Distilled Monoglycerides Production....Pages 680-693 Production of Lactic Acid From Cheese Whey by Batch and Repeated Batch Cultures of Lactobacillus sp. RKY2....Pages 694-704 Production of Bacterial Cellulose by Gluconacetobacter sp. RKY5 Isolated From Persimmon Vinegar....Pages 705-715 Natural Compounds Obtained Through Centrifugal Molecular Distillation....Pages 716-726 Biosurfactants Production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa FR Using Palm Oil....Pages 727-737 Novel Approach of Corn Fiber Utilization....Pages 738-750 Front Matter....Pages 644-644 Stimulation of Nisin Production From Whey by a Mixed Culture of Lactococcus lactis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae ....Pages 751-761 Biochar As a Precursor of Activated Carbon....Pages 762-773 Moisture Sorption, Transport, and Hydrolytic Degradation in Polylactide....Pages 774-785 Front Matter....Pages 786-786 Zymomonas mobilis As Catalyst for the Biotechnological Production of Sorbitol and Gluconic Acid....Pages 787-794 Metabolic Engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for Efficient Production of Pure L -(+)-Lactic Acid....Pages 795-807 A Unique Feature of Hydrogen Recovery in Endogenous Starch-to-Alcohol Fermentation of the Marine Microalga, Chlamydomonas perigranulata ....Pages 808-828 Detailed Analysis of Modifications in Lignin After Treatment With Cultures Screened for Lignin Depolymerizing Agents....Pages 829-843 Optimization of L -(+)-Lactic Acid Production Using Pelletized Filamentous Rhizopus oryzae NRRL 395....Pages 844-853 A Simple Method to Generate Chromosomal Mutations in Lactobacillus plantarum Strain TF103 to Eliminate Undesired Fermentation Products....Pages 854-863 Production of Insoluble Exopolysaccharide of Agrobacterium sp. (ATCC 31749 and IFO 13140)....Pages 864-869 Selective Utilization of Fructose to Glucose by Candida magnoliae , an Erythritol Producer....Pages 870-879 Biosurfactant Production by Rhodococcus erythropolis Grown on Glycerol As Sole Carbon Source....Pages 880-886 Methane Production in a 100-L Upflow Bioreactor by Anaerobic Digestion of Farm Waste....Pages 887-896 Biomodification of Coal to Remove Mercury....Pages 897-908 Introduction to Session 6....Pages 909-910 Enzymatic Conversion of Waste Cooking Oils Into Alternative Fuel—Biodiesel....Pages 911-921 Inulin-Containing Biomass for Ethanol Production....Pages 922-932 Production of Medium-Chain-Length Polyhydroxyalkanoates by Pseudomonas aeruginosa With Fatty Acids and Alternative Carbon Sources....Pages 933-941 Production and Rheological Characterization of Biopolymer of Sphingomonas capsulata ATCC 14666 Using Conventional and Industrial Media....Pages 942-950 Inulinase Production by Kluyveromyces marxianus NRRL Y-7571 Using Solid State Fermentation....Pages 951-958 Macroscopic Mass and Energy Balance of a Pilot Plant Anaerobic Bioreactor Operated Under Thermophilic Conditions....Pages 959-968 Ethyl Alcohol Production Optimization by Coupling Genetic Algorithm and Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network....Pages 969-984 Lactic Acid Recovery From Cheese Whey Fermentation Broth Using Combined Ultrafiltration and Nanofiltration Membranes....Pages 985-996 Fermentation of Rice Straw/Chicken Manure to Carboxylic Acids Using a Mixed Culture of Marine Mesophilic Micoorganisms....Pages 997-1014 Construction of Recombinant Bacillus subtilis for Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates....Pages 1015-1022 Microorganism Screening for Limonene Bioconversion and Correlation With RAPD Markers....Pages 1023-1033 Use of Different Adsorbents for Sorption and Bacillus polymyxa Protease Immobilization....Pages 1034-1040 Simulation and Optimization of a Supercritical Extraction Process for Recovering Provitamin A....Pages 1041-1050 Affinity Foam Fractionation of Trichoderma Cellulase....Pages 1051-1065 Molecular Distillation....Pages 1066-1076 Application of Two-Stage Biofilter System for the Removal of Odorous Compounds....Pages 1077-1088 Back Matter....Pages 1089-1097 industry, and 22% were from government. A total of oral presentations (including Special Topic presentations) and 329 poster presentations were delivered. The high number of poster submissions required splitting the poster session into two evening sessions. (Conference details are posted at http://www.eere.energy.gov/biomass/biotech_symposium/.) Almost 35% of the attendees were international, showing the strong and building worldwide interest in this area. Nations represented included Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Central African Republic, China, Denmark, Finland, France, Gambia, Germany, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Portugal, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Thailand, Turkey, United Ki- dom, and Venezuela, as well as the United States. One of the focus areas for bioconversion of renewable resources into fuels is conversion of lignocellulose into sugars and the conversion of s- ars into fuels and other products. This focus is continuing to expand toward the more encompassing concept of the integrated multiproduct biorefinery--where the production of multiple fuel, chemical, and energy products occurs at one site using a combination of biochemical and ther- chemical conversion technologies. The biorefinery concept continues to grow as a unifying framework and vision, and the biorefinery theme f- tured prominently in many talks and presentations. However, another emerging theme was the importance of examining and optimizing the entire biorefining process rather than just its bioconversion-related elements.